Diferentes distúrbios antrópicos na paisagem podem influenciar padrões florísticos e estruturais da Mata Atlântica?

This study aimed to describe and compare the floristic and structural component of the tree component, as well as the alpha and beta diversity, as well as the floristic similarity of a remnant of Semideciduous Forest. The tree vegetation was sampled at two edges in contact with pasture (BP) and coffee growing (BC), and inside the fragment (INT). 2.840 individuals were sampled, identified in 56 families, 144 genera and 271 species (94 BC, 128 BP and 178 INT). The border stretches were characterized by higher density and smaller basal area than the interior, indicating the occurrence of disturbances. The variations in the structural floristic composition of the tree communities wereinfluenced by regional and local environmental variations, as well as the historical use of the area, according to Niche and Intermediate Disturbance Theories.

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Grasses of the Precambrian Shield region in eastern lowland Bolivia. I. Habitat preferences

Journal of Tropical Ecology ◽

10.1017/s0266467400006714 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 389-407 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Timothy J. Killeen ◽

Paul N. Hinz

Keyword(s):

Vegetation Type ◽

Floristic Composition ◽

Grass Species ◽

Campo Rupestre ◽

Vegetation Types ◽

Flooded Soils ◽

Semideciduous Forest ◽

Floristic Similarity ◽

Granite Outcrops ◽

Valley Side

ABSTRACTThe habitat distribution and relative abundance of 113 species of Gramineae were documented by releves in 82 stands near Conception, Santa Cruz, Bolivia. A factor analysis was used to compare the floristic similarity of stands situated in semideciduous forest, cerradao, cerrado, campo rupestre, valley-side campo, pantanal complex or on granite outcrops. Individual grass species usually had a preferred habitat and occurred with decreasing abundance in stands judged to be transitional by physiognomic, edaphic, and floristic criteria. Stands situated in cerrado vegetation were most similar to one another in grass species composition. Cerradao was transitional to semideciduous forest and cerrado but certain grasses were characteristic of this vegetation type. The floristic composition of the single campo rupestre locality was somewhat similar to cerrado; however, several of the more abundant grass species of this vegetation type did not occur in any nearby cerrado stand. Granite outcrops had a distinct grass flora and showed little similarity to other vegetation types. In savanna wetland communities, grass species distribution was influenced by water regime. Differences between stands on valley-side campo corresponded to topographic position on a gradient of increasing water surplus. Seasonally humid/dry stands on valley-side campo and pantanal complexes had a high degree of similarity. Stands lower on the catenary sequence of pantanal complexes and valley-side campos were increasingly dissimilar, a result of the different edaphic conditions of the seasonally flooded soils of pantanal complexes when compared with the permanently saturated (but never flooded) soils of valley-side campos. Pantanal complexes had the richest grass flora of all vegetation types because their microtopographic variability creates numerous micro-habitats with distinct water regimes, each supporting different grass species.

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Ferruginous Rupestrian Savannah: a floristic and structural analysis of these rare environments

Neotropical Biology and Conservation ◽

10.3897/neotropical.14.e47228 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 381-397

Author(s):

Cássio Cardoso Pereira ◽

Fernanda de Fátima Santos Soares ◽

Rúbia Santos Fonseca ◽

Nathália Ribeiro Henriques ◽

Daniel Meira Arruda

Keyword(s):

Structural Analysis ◽

High Altitude ◽

Indicator Species ◽

Endemic Species ◽

Basal Area ◽

Floristic Composition ◽

Sensu Stricto ◽

Floristic Similarity ◽

Eastern Brazil ◽

Composition Structure

The flora of the Rupestrian Savannah (Cerrado Rupestre) is composed of widely distributed species and endemic species from high altitude rocky outcrops. The aim of this study was to characterise the floristic composition, structure and diversity of fragments of Rupestrian Savannah in south-eastern Brazil and to examine the similarity with other rupestrian cerrado vegetations and with cerrado sensu stricto on profound soils. For this, phytosociological parameters, evenness and diversity were calculated and compared with other studies. The survey exhibited 72 species, 45 genera, 30 families and high floristic similarity with cerrado on profound soils. There were no indicator species of the Rupestrian Savannah, but there were typical species of rocky environments. The basal area was significantly larger in the profound soil cerrado in relationship to the Rupestrian Savannah and evenness was lower in the Rupestrian Savannah of this study compared to others. These variables reflect the lower exploration capacity of the root of rocky environments. The highest similarity between the Rupestrian Savannah and cerrado on profound soils refers to the canga ferruginous nature, which represents the limit of the tableland of cerrado on the edge of the plateaus, allowing greater sharing of flora.

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Dynamics of Natural Regeneration: Implications for Landscape Restoration in the Atlantic Forest, Brazil

Frontiers in Forests and Global Change ◽

10.3389/ffgc.2021.576908 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

Author(s):

Alexandre Siminski ◽

Daisy Christiane Zambiazi ◽

Karine Louise dos Santos ◽

Alfredo Celso Fantini

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

Atlantic Forest ◽

Natural Regeneration ◽

Forest Restoration ◽

Large Scale ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Basal Area ◽

Floristic Composition ◽

Secondary Forests ◽

Floristic Similarity

This study aimed to understand post-agricultural natural forest regeneration in the Southern Brazilian Atlantic Forest and its possible role as a cost-effective, passive approach to forest restoration. The study characterized vegetation structure, floristic composition, and the dynamics of secondary forest chronosequences. Data were collected from 159 plots (10 × 10 m each) across forest remnants in Santa Catarina State, covering forest ages that ranged from 2 to 60 years of regeneration after swidden agriculture. Only areas with no signs of degradation were sampled in order to provide a description of vegetation characteristics that could be used to identify and monitor natural regeneration. A total of 11,455 woody plants were identified and classified into 334 species representing 71 families. As the succession process unfolds, the continuous turnover of species makes forests more diverse and structurally complex. Floristic similarity among forest types is observed during the early stages of succession, but decreases over time. Pioneer species dominate young secondary forests, representing about 40% of the basal area up to 10 years of regeneration. Shade-tolerant species start colonizing the sites at early ages; however, they become more important structural elements only after 30 years of succession. The observed patterns of forest structure and species diversity largely conform to the post-agricultural succession seen in many tropical forests. The high species diversity found in this study highlights the importance of natural regeneration as a strategy to restore ecosystems. Floristic data can be used as a reference for choosing suitable species for active restoration, as well as contributing to the design of integrated restoration strategies. We herein reinforce the potential of natural regeneration as part of large-scale restoration programs, which would be particularly attractive to family farmers by the low cost of supplies and labor.

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Floristic Variation of Tree Communities and Their Association with Soil Properties in Pulau Jerejak, Penang, Peninsular Malaysia

Science Letters ◽

10.24191/sl.v14i1.7899 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 34

Author(s):

Faezah Pardi

Keyword(s):

Tree Species ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Basal Area ◽

Peninsular Malaysia ◽

Importance Value ◽

Conservation Action ◽

Endangered Tree ◽

Endangered Tree Species ◽

Tree Communities ◽

Floristic Variation

This study was conducted at Pulau Jerejak, Penang to determine the floristic variation of its tree communities. A 0.5-hectare study plot was established and divided into 11 subplots. A total of 587 trees with diameter at breast height (DBH) of 5 cm and above were measured, identified and recorded. The tree communities comprised of 84 species, 63 genera and 32 families. The Myrtaceae was the most speciose family with 10 recorded species while Syzgium glaucum (Myrtaceae) was the most frequent species. The Myrtaceae recorded the highest density of 306 individuals while Syzgium glaucum (Myrtaceae) had the highest species density of 182 individuals. Total tree basal area (BA) was 21.47 m2/ha and family with the highest BA was Myrtaceae with 5.81 m2/ha while at species level, Syzgium glaucum (Myrtaceae) was the species with the highest total BA in the plot with value of 4.95 m2/ha. The Shannon˗Weiner Diversity Index of tree communities showed a value of 3.60 (H'max = 4.43) and Evenness Index of 0.81 which indicates high uniformity of tree species. The Margalef Richness Index (R') revealed that the tree species richness was 13.02. Myrtaceae had the highest Importance Value of 20.4%. The Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) showed that Diospyros buxifolia (Ebenaceae) and Pouteria malaccensis (Sapotaceae) were strongly correlated to low pH. Dysoxylum cauliflorum (Meliaceae) and Eriobotrya bengalensis (Rosaceae) were correlated to phosphorus (P) and calcium ion (Ca2+), respectively. Therefore, the trees species composition at Pulau Jerejak showed that the biodiversity is high and conservation action should be implemented to protect endangered tree species. Keywords: Floristic variation; Tree communities; Trees composition; Pulau Jerejak; Species diversity

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Phylogenetic and functional alpha and beta diversity in temperate and tropical tree communities

Ecology ◽

10.1890/11-0402.1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 93 (sp8) ◽

pp. S112-S125 ◽

Cited By ~ 140

Author(s):

Nathan G. Swenson ◽

David L. Erickson ◽

Xiangcheng Mi ◽

Norman A. Bourg ◽

Jimena Forero-Montaña ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Beta Diversity ◽

Tropical Tree ◽

Alpha And Beta Diversity ◽

Tree Communities

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Short-term community dynamics in seasonal and hyperseasonal cerrados

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/s1519-69842009000200002 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 69 (2) ◽

pp. 231-240 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

MV. Cianciaruso ◽

MA. Batalha

Keyword(s):

Rainy Season ◽

Community Dynamics ◽

Plant Density ◽

Floristic Composition ◽

Species Density ◽

Environmental Filters ◽

Floristic Similarity ◽

Different Seasons ◽

Cylindrical Volume ◽

Vegetation Form

In South America, the largest seasonal savanna region is the Brazilian cerrado. Our aim was to study temporal changes in some community descriptors, such as floristic composition, richness, species density, plant density, and cylindrical volume, in a seasonal cerrado, comparing it to a nearby hyperseasonal cerrado. In four different seasons, we placed randomly ten 1 m² quadrats in each vegetation form and sampled all the vascular plants. Seasonal changes in floristic composition, species density, and plant density were less pronounced in the seasonal than in the hyperseasonal cerrado. Floristic similarity between the vegetation forms was lower when the hyperseasonal cerrado was waterlogged. Richness and species density were higher in the seasonal cerrado, which reached its biomass peak at mid rainy season. The hyperseasonal cerrado, in turn, reached its biomass peak at early rainy season and, despite the waterlogging, maintained it until late rainy season. In the hyperseasonal cerrado, waterlogging acts as an environmental filter restricting the number of cerrado species able to withstand it. The seasonal cerrado community was more stable than the hyperseasonal one. Our results corroborated the idea that changes in the environmental filters will affect floristic composition and community structure in savannas.

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Vegetation mapping in an area of Ombrophilous Dense Forest at Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar, São Paulo State, Brazil, and floristic composition of the tree component of some physiognomies*

Hoehnea ◽

10.1590/s2236-89062012000200005 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 39 (2) ◽

pp. 219-233 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maria Cláudia Melo Pacheco de Medeiros ◽

Isabel Fernandes de Aguiar Mattos ◽

Marina Mitsue Kanashiro ◽

Jorge Yoshio Tamashiro ◽

Marcos Pereira Marinho Aidar

Keyword(s):

Riparian Forest ◽

Detrended Correspondence Analysis ◽

Floristic Composition ◽

Field Work ◽

Aerial Photographs ◽

Secondary System ◽

Serra Do Mar ◽

Dense Forest ◽

Species Analysis ◽

Tree Component

This study aimed to map phytophysiognomies of an area of Ombrophilous Dense Forest at Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar and characterize their floristic composition. Photointerpretation of aerial photographs in scale of 1:35,000 was realized in association with field work. Thirteen physiognomies were mapped and they were classified as Montane Ombrophilous Dense Forest, Alluvial Ombrophilous Dense Forest or Secondary System. Three physiognomies identified at Casa de Pedra streamlet's basin were studied with more details. Riparian forest (RF), valley forest (VF), and hill forest (HF) presented some floristic distinction, as confirmed by Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) and Indicator Species Analysis (ISA) conducted here. Anthropic or natural disturbances and heterogeneity of environmental conditions may be the causes of physiognomic variation in the vegetation of the region. The results presented here may be useful to decisions related to management and conservation of Núcleo Santa Virgínia forests, in general.

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The vascular flora of Porto Ferreira State Park: an ecotonal area in São Paulo State, southeastern Brazil

Biota Neotropica ◽

10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1229 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Gabriel Pavan Sabino ◽

Vitor de Andrade Kamimura ◽

Renan Borgiani ◽

Rafael Konopczyk ◽

Ernesto Pedro Dickfeldt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Riparian Forest ◽

Vegetation Type ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Southeastern Brazil ◽

São Paulo ◽

Vegetation Types ◽

Conservation Units ◽

Semideciduous Forest ◽

Floristic Similarity ◽

Vascular Flora

Abstract: The Porto Ferreira State Park (PFSP) is located in the State of São Paulo southeastern Brazil, in an intriguing transitional area between the Atlantic Forest and Cerrado - both hotspots of biodiversity - represented mainly by the cerradão (CER), and the seasonal semideciduous forest (SSF), with its alluvial variation vegetation type (riparian forest - RP). Ecotonal areas play an important role in providing ecological and phytogeographic knowledge regarding the flora and vegetation of this region. Despite various studies on the PFSP, knowledge of this region remains fragmented. In this study, we aim to conduct an updated checklist of the PFSP vascular flora, including a compilation of all the studies conducted in this protected area, plus field work carried out by the authors from 2014 to 2017. In addition, given its ecotonal characteristics, we completed a floristic similarity analysis between the PFSP and other floristic surveys that examined the same vegetation types present in this study, to gain a better understanding of their phytogeographic relationships. Overall, 684 species, belonging to 387 genera and 107 families, were recorded. The SSF presented the richest vegetation type (478 species), followed by the CER (418) and the RP (231). The most diverse families were Fabaceae (64 species), Myrtaceae (41), Orchidaceae (39), Rubiaceae (37), Asteraceae (35), Bignoniaceae (26) and Malvaceae (20). Moreover, eight threatened species, at regional and national levels, were found. To date, 412 species have been added to the floristic list produced for the PFSP. The life forms with the highest number of species were trees (286 species), herbs (176) plus shrubs and subshrubs (123). Our research findings indicate floristic patterns with higher levels of similarity among species in geographical proximity, including those in ecotonal areas encompassing different vegetation types. These results rank the PFSP among some of the most species-rich conservation units with seasonal climates, and therefore is of great importance for plant conservation in the southeast of Brazil.

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How Bovine Livestock Affects Seed Rain in Subtropical Climate Forest

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v11n10p240 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 240

Author(s):

Maureen de Moraes Stefanello ◽

Ana Paula Moreira Rovedder ◽

Roselene Marostega Felker ◽

Matheus Degrandi Gazzola ◽

Betina Camargo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diversity Index ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Floristic Composition ◽

Seed Rain ◽

Subtropical Climate ◽

Floristic Similarity ◽

Management Regime ◽

Pampa Biome ◽

Forest Remnants ◽

History Of

Seed rainfall may be one of the mechanisms most impacted by livestock production in forest remnants. The trampling and cattle grazing alter dynamics, structure and floristic composition of the forest. The present work characterized the seed rainin forest remnants and the possible impacts of the presence and the management regime with different cattle stocks in the Pampa biome, southern region of Brazil. We compared three areas in Seasonal Forest remnants with a management history of 43 years: cattle exclusion area (A1); area with a cattle stock of 0.5 ua ha-1 (A2); and area with cattle stock of 1.0 ua ha-1 (A3). The seed rain was collected quarterly in 16 collectors (1 × 1 m²) per area for 24 months. The seeds were counted and identified according to external morphological characteristics, habit and dispersion syndrome. Shannon diversity index, submitted to the Hutcheson test, Pielou evenness, expected diversity and floristic similarity were determined. The results indicated that the impacts caused by livestock to seed rain were more significant in A3 where a quantitative reduction in the number of seeds was observed, probably due to the low number of plant individuals that make up the community.

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Floristic and Phytosociology of Weeds in Upland Rice in the Humid Tropics

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582017350100083 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 35 (0) ◽

Author(s):

M.R.M. SILVA ◽

E.A. COSTA ◽

M.J.P. CORRÊA ◽

A.A.C. RODRIGUES ◽

M.L.R. MESQUITA

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Upland Rice ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Floristic Composition ◽

Humid Tropics ◽

Reproductive Stage ◽

Rice Crop ◽

Weed Species ◽

Floristic Similarity ◽

Abstract Knowledge

ABSTRACT: Knowledge of the floristic composition and vegetation structure are essential conditions for development of more efficient and economic weed management strategies in crops in the humid tropics. The objective of the research was to carry on floristic and phytosociological surveys to know the main weeds in upland rice fields in the humid tropics of the Brazilian State of Maranhão. Weed samples were done by means of an open metal rectangle of 0.15 m2 thrown at random in the vegetative and reproductive stages of rice crop in 2009/10 and 2010/2011 harvest. A total of 65 species from 23 families was identified 35 (53.85%) from the eudicotyledons botanical group, 29 (44.06%) from the monocotyledonous and one (1.53%) belonged to the pteridophytes. The most representative families were from the monocotyledonous botanical group including Poaceae and Cyperaceae, followed by Amaranthaceae and Malvaceae, both from the eudicotyledons group. The weed species with higher importance values in the upland rice crop vegetative stage were Urochloasp., Panicumsp., C. flavus, C. benghalensis and C. argutus whereas in the reproductive stage the higher importance values were recorded for S. latifolia, C. argutus, L. octovalvis, A.tenella and P.maximum. The most important weeds in the crop vegetative phase were mainly from the monocotyledonous group, while in reproductive one they were the eudicotyledons. Weed diversity was high and the floristic similarity was lower in the vegetative one compared to the reproductive stage of upland rice cultivation in the humid tropics.

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