Vibration serviceability performance of prefabricated cross-laminated timber steel rib composite floors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Bottaro ◽  
David Owolabi ◽  
Cristiano Loss
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Cross Laminated Timber ◽  
Shear Connectors ◽  
Vibration Serviceability ◽  
Steel Composite ◽  
Cold Formed Steel ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Composite Floors

<p>Timber-based composite floors are gaining ascendancy as potential competitors with mainstream steel-concrete composites due to the increasing emphasis on sustainability in the construction industry. This paper investigates the vibration serviceability performance of an innovative prefabricated timber-steel composite floor module. The floor features a cross-laminated timber (CLT) panel joined to cold-formed steel beams using self-tapping screws as shear connectors. The vibration response of the floor module is simulated through the finite element method considering both modal and transient analyses, and its structural performance is evaluated using criteria specified in international design codes and standards. The results provide insight into the vibration behaviour of steel-timber composite floors in residential applications.</p>

Push-out tests on bolted shear connectors in composite cold-formed steel beams

2021 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 107831
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Hosseinpour ◽  
Mehran Zeynalian ◽  
Abdoreza Ataei ◽  
Maryam Daei
Keyword(s):  
Steel Beams ◽  
Shear Connectors ◽  
Cold Formed Steel ◽  
Push Out

scholarly journals Transverse Distribution of Concentrated Loads on Timber Composite Floors

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (23) ◽  
pp. 1421
Author(s):  
Sandra Monteiro ◽  
Alfredo Dias ◽  
Sérgio Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Direction ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Concentrated Loads ◽  
Cross Laminated Timber ◽  
Transverse Distribution ◽  
Composite Floors ◽  
Timber Beams

Timber-concrete composite floors can be seen as bi-dimensional elements constituted by repeatable longitudinal elements (timber beams) connected through an element capable to spread the load on the transverse direction (concrete slab). This is usually a fact to “take advantage of” in terms of design, in the light of current regulations, with the analysis of a “T-shape” beam. Nevertheless, when concerning the action of concentrated loads, considering them supported entirely by the beam to which they are applied can result in a disadvantage rather than an advantage. This study focus on the distribution of load in the transverse direction when composite floors are subjected to concentrated loads. There were analyzed not only timber-concrete composite floors, that already have proven their value, but also relatively new solutions as those using cross laminated timber (CLT) combined with steel beams. The results show that the load received by “the loaded beam” can be far from 100%.

Development of cross laminated timber-cold-formed steel composite beam for floor system to sustainable modular building construction

Structures ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 681-690
Author(s):  
Satheeskumar Navaratnam ◽  
Deighton Widdowfield Small ◽  
Perampalam Gatheeshgar ◽  
Keerthan Poologanathan ◽  
Julian Thamboo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Beam ◽  
Building Construction ◽  
Cross Laminated Timber ◽  
Steel Composite ◽  
Cold Formed Steel ◽  
Floor System

scholarly journals Flexural Behaviour of a Cold-Formed Steel-Concrete Composite Beam with Channel Type Shear Connector – An Experimental and Analytical Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangeetha Palanivelu
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Composite Beam ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Composite Beams ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Shear Connectors ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Steel Composite ◽  
Cold Formed Steel

Abstract Steel-concrete composite structures are widely used in the current construction of bridges and multi-storey buildings. The effect of shear connectors in a cold-formed steel-composite beam was studied under flexure. The number of channel connectors in the specimen was varied and the same was compared with a specimen without shear connectors. The performance and failure of cold-formed steel-composite beams were then studied. The presence of shear connectors in the tension zone prevents the formation of cracks which are the major cause of failure in a beam subjected to bending. The load-carrying capacity is greater in a composite beam and an increase in the number of channel connectors from one to five increases the load-carrying capacity by 60 % as compared to a specimen without a connector. A composite beam with five connectors is more ductile, with a ductility factor of 14. The Composite beams were also analysed using the finite element software ANSYS and were found to have good agreement with the experimental results.

scholarly journals Strength Capacity and Failure Mode of Shear Connectors Suitable for Composite Cold Formed Steel Beams: Numerical Study

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3627
Author(s):  
Sherif A. Elsawaf ◽  
Saleh O. Bamaga
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Model ◽  
Failure Mode ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Composite Action ◽  
Shear Connectors ◽  
Strength Capacity ◽  
Cold Formed Steel ◽  
Headed Stud ◽  
Channel Beam

In this paper, the findings of numerical modeling of the composite action between normal concrete and Cold-Formed Steel (CFS) beams are presented. To obtain comprehensive structural behavior, the numerical model was designed using 3-D brick components. The simulation results were correlated to the experimental results of eight push tests, using three types of innovative shear connectors in addition to standard headed stud shear connectors, with two different thicknesses of a CFS channel beam. The proposed numerical model was found to be capable of simulating the failure mode of the push test as well as the behavior of shear connectors in order to provide composite action between the cold-formed steel beam and concrete using the concrete damaged plasticity model.

scholarly journals Customisation and Desirable Characteristics of a Standard Method of Measurement for Building Works in Ghana

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Nani ◽  
Peter Edwards ◽  
Theophilus Adjei-Kumi ◽  
Edward Badu ◽  
Peter Amoah
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Standard Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Opinion Survey ◽  
British Standard ◽  
Industry Practice ◽  
Precision Industry ◽  
Method Of Measurement ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Methods Of Measurement

This paper reports a study that identified andcategorised the modifications to the 5thEdition of the British Standard Method ofMeasurement (SMM5) of building works inGhana. Typical modifications involved ‘costinsignificant items’, ‘minor labour items’,‘custom units of measurement’, ‘methodrelated items’, ‘combinable items’,‘subordinate items’, and ‘items of minorinformative impact’. It was also observed thatthe desirable characteristics/ qualities ofstandard methods of measurement (SMM) ofbuilding work were noteworthy, since theyprovide insight into the nature of a SMMrequired for the construction industry inGhana.The research reviewed available literature,various SMMs and bills of quantities (BQs).The relevance of the modifications andSMM characteristics identified wasconfirmed by a survey of the opinions ofprofessional quantity surveyors conductedthrough a carefully designed questionnaire.Inferences from the opinion survey formedthe basis for grouping both SMMmodifications found and the desired qualitiesof a SMM for Ghana.Survey respondents confirmed all theidentified modifications to the British SMM,except for the elimination of items of minorinformative impact. It was held that allinformation was relevant in measurement.Desirable characteristics of a SMM were ratedin decreasing order of relevance as: easylocation of items; cost significance; simplicity;thoroughness; ease of cost analysis; goodpractice; conciseness; adoptability; precision;industry practice; stakeholders’ opinion;custom classification; regional relevance; andinclusion of jargon. It was noted that therelevance of these characteristics may varyform one region to the other as a result oftechnological, cultural and legal differences.However, the desired SMM characteristicswere recommended as fundamental indeveloping an appropriate SMM for Ghana.

scholarly journals A Case Study of a Negotiated Tender within a Small-to-Medium Construction Contractor: Modelling Project Cost Variance

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 260
Author(s):  
James Ellis ◽  
David John Edwards ◽  
Wellington Didibhuku Thwala ◽  
Obuks Ejohwomu ◽  
Ernest Effah Ameyaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Review Literature ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Open Book ◽  
Competitive Tendering ◽  
Construction Contractor ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Insight Into

This research explores the failure of competitively tendered projects in the UK construction industry to procure the most suited contractor(s) to conduct the works. Such work may have equal relevance for other developed nations globally. This research seeks to teach clients and their representatives that “lowest price” does not mean “best value”, by presenting a case study of a successfully negotiated tender undertaken by a small-to-medium enterprise (SME) contractor; SME studies are relatively scant in academic literature. By applying the “lessons learnt” principle, this study seeks to improve future practice through the development of a novel alternative procurement option (i.e., negotiation). A mixed philosophical stance combining interpretivism and pragmatism was used—interpretivism to critically review literature in order to form the basis of inductive research to discuss negotiation as a viable procurement route, and pragmatism to analyse perceptions of tendering and procurement. The methods used follow a three-stage waterfall process including: (1) literature review and pilot study; (2) quantitative analysis of case study data; and (3) qualitative data collection via a focus group. Our research underscores the need to advise clients and their representatives of the importance of understanding the scope of works allowed within a tender submission before discounting it based solely on price. In addition, we highlight the failings of competitive tendering, which results in increased costs and project duration once the works commence on site. These findings provide new contemporary insight into procurement and tendering in the construction industry, with emphasis on SME contractors, existing relationships, and open-book negotiation. This research illustrates the adverse effects of early cost estimates produced without first securing a true understanding of project buildability and programming. Our work concludes with a novel insight into an alternative procurement option that involves early SME contractor involvement in an open-book environment, without the need for a third-party cost control.

Experimental analysis on cold-formed steel beams subjected to fire

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 104-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luís Laím ◽  
João Paulo C. Rodrigues ◽  
Luis Simões da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Analysis ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Cold Formed Steel

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF CFRP STRENGTHENED I-SHAPED COLD FORMED STEEL BEAMS

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nahushananda Chakravarthy ◽  
Sivakumar Naganathan ◽  
Jonathan Tan Hsien Aun ◽  
Sreedhar Kalavagunta ◽  
Kamal Nasharuddin Mustapha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Steel Beams ◽  
Load Carrying Capacity ◽  
Load Carrying ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Cold Formed Steel ◽  
Formed Channel ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Hot Rolled Steel

Cold formed steel differ from hot rolled steel by its lesser thickness and weight. The cold formed steel applicable in roof purlin, pipe racks and wall panels etc. Due its lesser wall thickness the cold formed steel member subjected to buckling. The enhancement of load carrying capacity of the cold formed steel member can be achieved by external strengthening of CFRP. In this study cold formed channel members connected back to back to form I shaped cross section using screws. These built up beam members were 300mm, 400mm and 500mm in length with 100mm screw spacing and edge distance of 50mm were chosen for testing. CFRP fabric cut according to length, width of built up beams and wrapped outer surface of beam using epoxy resin. Experiments were carried out in two sets firstly plain built up beams and secondly CFRP wrapped beams. The test results shows that increased load carrying capacity and reduction in deflection due to CFRP strengthening. Experimental results were compared with AISI standards which are in good agreement. Experimental results shows that CFRP strengthening is economic and reliable.

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