scholarly journals Artificial symbioses of plants and microorganisms

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Al. Kh. Baymiev ◽  
Z. R. Vershinina ◽  
O. V. Chubukova ◽  
R. T. Matniyazov ◽  
An. Kh. Baymiev
Keyword(s):  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Controlled Synthesis ◽  
Bacterial Adhesins ◽  
Artificial Associations ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Rhizospheric Microorganisms

The report discusses the problems of creating artificial associations of cultivated plants and rhizobia using plant and bacterial adhesins, as well as systems of controlled synthesis of growth-promoting substances by rhizospheric microorganisms.

scholarly journals The Root Microbiome of Salicornia ramosissima as a Seedbank for Plant-Growth Promoting Halotolerant Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2233
Author(s):  
Maria J. Ferreira ◽  
Angela Cunha ◽  
Sandro Figueiredo ◽  
Pedro Faustino ◽  
Carla Patinha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Promotion ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Crop Cultivation ◽  
Halotolerant Bacteria ◽  
Salicornia Ramosissima ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Root−associated microbial communities play important roles in the process of adaptation of plant hosts to environment stressors, and in this perspective, the microbiome of halophytes represents a valuable model for understanding the contribution of microorganisms to plant tolerance to salt. Although considered as the most promising halophyte candidate to crop cultivation, Salicornia ramosissima is one of the least-studied species in terms of microbiome composition and the effect of sediment properties on the diversity of plant-growth promoting bacteria associated with the roots. In this work, we aimed at isolating and characterizing halotolerant bacteria associated with the rhizosphere and root tissues of S. ramosissima, envisaging their application in saline agriculture. Endophytic and rhizosphere bacteria were isolated from wild and crop cultivated plants, growing in different estuarine conditions. Isolates were identified based on 16S rRNA sequences and screened for plant-growth promotion traits. The subsets of isolates from different sampling sites were very different in terms of composition but consistent in terms of the plant-growth promoting traits represented. Bacillus was the most represented genus and expressed the wider range of extracellular enzymatic activities. Halotolerant strains of Salinicola, Pseudomonas, Oceanobacillus, Halomonas, Providencia, Bacillus, Psychrobacter and Brevibacterium also exhibited several plant-growth promotion traits (e.g., 3-indole acetic acid (IAA), 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) deaminase, siderophores, phosphate solubilization). Considering the taxonomic diversity and the plant-growth promotion potential of the isolates, the collection represents a valuable resource that can be used to optimize the crop cultivation of Salicornia under different environmental conditions and for the attenuation of salt stress in non-halophytes, considering the global threat of arable soil salinization.

scholarly journals Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria Associated with the Nests of the Seed-Harvester Ant, Trichomyrmex Scabriceps

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pooja Kumari ◽  
Neelkamal Rastogi ◽  
Harikesh Bahadur Singh ◽  
Rahul Singh Rajput
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Sclerotium Rolfsii ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria ◽  
Harvester Ants ◽  
Acetic Acid Production ◽  
Organic Debris ◽  
Harvester Ant ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting

Abstract Colonies of seed harvester ants are commonly found in semiarid and arid areas of the world and have been studied for their seed dispersal behaviour. The present study focused on the bacteria associated with the nests of the harvester ant, Trichomyrmex scabriceps, and reveals that ant colonies link the aboveground resources with the belowground microbial communities as they accumulate organic debris in the close vicinity of their nests via their ecosystem engineering activities. Soil samples were collected from the nest chambers and the external debris piles of T. scabriceps colonies, located in managed ecosystems. The nest soil-associated bacteria were examined for their plant growth-promoting abilities via biochemical assays including phosphate solubilization, Indole acetic acid production, siderophore production and physiological assays including biocontrol potential against the soil pathogen, Sclerotium rolfsii. More than 60% of bacteria isolated from the ant nest-associated soil displayed plant-growth promoting ability. Bacillus sp., Azotobacter sp., Klebsiella sp., Comamonas sp., Tsukamurella sp., and Pseudoxanthomonax sp., demonstrated significantly high levels of gnotobiotic growth of the treated chickpea plants. The activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and peroxidase enzymes were higher in plant growth-promoting bacteria treated and pathogen inoculated plants as compared to the control plants lacking the bacteria. Since T. scabriceps colonies often make their nests in the compact soil of unpaved paths of agroecosystems and gardens, these bacteria can act as highly effective biofertilizers and promote growth of the cultivated plants by increasing soil fertility and disease resistance attributes of the plant.

scholarly journals Influence of Bacillus sp. on soil chemical and microbiological attributes and development of soybean and maize

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-393
Author(s):  
Alex João Alves ◽  
Danielly Wisoczynski de Sene ◽  
Gabriel Ferreira de Paula ◽  
Gilberto Bueno Demétrio ◽  
Leopoldo Sussumu Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Activity ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Bacillus Sp ◽  
Genus Bacillus ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Increase In Productivity ◽  
Different Doses

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) inhabit the rhizosphere of several cultivated plants. Bacteria of the genus Bacillus have great functional importance in plant development. The objective of this research was to evaluate different doses of Bacillus sp. in the development of soybean and corn crops and in the chemical and microbiological attributes of the soil. The essays were conducted in the field in the 2016/2017 harvest. The soybean and corn seeds were treated with two doses of Bacillus sp. at a concentration of 109 CFU ml-1, with 10 and 20 ml of 100 kg of seed used in soybeans and 80 and 100 ml of 100 kg of seed in corn. The experiments were completely randomized in block with four repetitions. Chemical and microbiological attributes and plant development were evaluated. The results showed that the microbial activity was achieved at the dose of 20 ml of Bacillus sp. and positively influenced the weight of the grains and soybean productivity. In corn crops, the dose of 80 ml of Bacillus sp. showed better performance on chemical and microbiological attributes, resulting in increased shoot and root mass, and a significant increase in productivity. From the results obtained, it can be concluded that the use of Bacillus sp. it is a viable alternative for sustainable agriculture, and the dose of 20 ml and 80 ml of 100 kg of soybean and corn seeds, respectively, presented better results in microbial activity and in the development of plants.

scholarly journals Mortierella Species as the Plant Growth-Promoting Fungi Present in the Agricultural Soils

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Ewa Ozimek ◽  
Agnieszka Hanaka
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Acc Deaminase ◽  
Forest Litter ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Hostile Environments

In the most recent scientific reports based on the DNA or RNA-analyses a widespread presence of the filamentous fungi, Mortierella in various environments has been shown. Some strains of this genus belong to the plant growth-promoting fungi (PGPF) and are found in the bulk soil, rhizosphere and plants tissues. These microorganisms are also often found in the extremely hostile environments, responsible for improving access to the bioavailable forms of P and Fe in the soils, the synthesis of phytohormones and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase, and last but not least the protection of agricultural plants from pathogens. Furthermore, earlier reports classified Mortierella spp. as the saprotrophic microorganisms isolated from the forest litter, and nowadays their status as a very valuable decomposers in the agricultural soils was confirmed. The key features like the ability to survive under very unfavorable environmental conditions and the utilization of carbon sources contained in polymers like cellulose, hemicellulose, chitin make these fungi efficient as the agricultural inoculants. The growing interest in the application of Mortierella spp. is mainly due to the potential use of this genus in the increase of the nutrient uptake efficiency, positive effect in crop protection against adverse conditions, and reduction of chemical fertilizers and pesticides applied. Moreover, activities of Mortierella species selected from the wild or cultivated plants influence the soil microbiota and support the performance of the beneficial microorganisms enhancing significantly crop yield.

scholarly journals   Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria in the production of English ryegrass

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 477-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Stamenov ◽  
M. Jarak ◽  
S. Đurić ◽  
D. Milošev ◽  
T. Hajnal-Jafari
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
The Third ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Rhizospheric Microorganisms ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass ◽  
Number Of Bacteria

The effect of inoculation with Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis on the yield of fresh and dry mass of English ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) as well as on the number of rhizospheric microorganisms was studied. The microorganisms were introduced into the soil before sowing. The control plots were not inoculated. The number of microorganisms was determined after the third mowing. The yield was determined after the first, second and third mowing. In comparison with the control, after the first and second mowing, there was a statistically significant increase in the fresh and dry mass in both inoculated variants whereas after the third mowing, a statistically significant increase in the yield of fresh mass was recorded only in the variant with B. subtilis. The use of B. subtilis had a better effect on the total yield of the fresh and dry mass of English ryegrass. The number of the investigated groups of microorganisms, apart from actinomycetes, increased in the inoculated variants. Inoculation of P. fluorescens affected the increase of total number of bacteria and aminoheterotrophs whereas inoculation of B. subtilis affected the increase of the number of azotobacter and fungi.    

Xyloglucan- and cello-oligosaccharides: Antagonists of the growth-promoting effect of H+

1990 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ester P. Lorences ◽  
Gordon J. McDougall ◽  
Stephen C. Fry
Keyword(s):  
Promoting Effect ◽  
Growth Promoting

Additional notes to the checklist of Cuban cultivated plants (2)

1992 ◽  
Vol 103 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 143-150
Author(s):  
K. Hammer ◽  
H. Knüpffer ◽  
M. Esquivel ◽  
V. Fuentes ◽  
J. Menéndez
Keyword(s):  
Cultivated Plants

Growth-promoting supervision: Reflections from women of color psychology trainees.

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-173
Author(s):  
Fiona C. Thomas ◽  
Jhodi-Ann Bowie ◽  
Lincoln Hill ◽  
Joelle T. Taknint
Keyword(s):  
Women Of Color ◽  
Psychology Trainees ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Color Psychology
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