scholarly journals Prediction of track performance in competitive BMX riders using laboratory measures

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Daneshfar ◽  
Carl Petersen ◽  
Brad Miles ◽  
Daniel Gahreman
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Arm Span ◽  
Body Strength ◽  
Biomechanical Investigation ◽  
Unique Nature ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Race Performance

Identifying key physiological factors is essential in cycling; however, the unique nature of BMX decreases the validity and transferability of research findings from other cycling disciplines. Therefore, this study highlighted the physical and physiological characteristics of BMX riders that could influence track performance. Fifteen sub-elite BMX riders (male n = 12; age 18.3 ± 3.3 and female n = 3; 17.7 ± 5.7 years) undertook a battery of laboratory tests on three different occasions, including body composition, upper and lower body strength, flexibility, sprint and aerobic capacity measures. On a separate day, participants completed three full lap sprints on an outdoor BMX track. Correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to develop predictive models of performance across the laboratory tests and race time. The final model indicated power to weight ratio, relative back-leg-chest strength and arm span explained ~87% of the variability in finish time (adjusted R2 = 0.87, p < .01). These findings highlighted the importance of a multidimensional approach for developing BMX race performance. Coaches should prioritise these variables in their training programs and selection of future talents. However, further physiological and biomechanical investigation is needed to validate current findings, particularly among elite riders.

Physiological factors associated with ski-mountaineering vertical race performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Fornasiero ◽  
Aldo Savoldelli ◽  
Gennaro Boccia ◽  
Andrea Zignoli ◽  
Lorenzo Bortolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Race Performance

scholarly journals Functional Expert-based Performance Assessment Models at Organizational Level

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad Elwakil
Keyword(s):  
Performance Assessment ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Company Performance ◽  
Financial Measures ◽  
Critical Success ◽  
Construction Organizations ◽  
Unique Nature ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Functional Units

Organizations performance assessment is one of the critical aspects in today’s project management research. The performance of organizations can be affected by various factors beyond financial measures. Construction organizations faces difficulty in performance assessment stemming from the uncertain fragmented unique nature of the construction industry. Only few research focused on the non-financial factors that impact the organizations performance. Although many research works have been done to study organization success factors, most of the conducted research was only focusing on the construction project level rather than the organizational level. In addition, most of the research neglected the different perspectives of construction organizations functional units when assessing the performance. The goal of this research is to study the effect of different functional units on the company performance through identifying, ranking a set of critical success factors (CSFs) and build comprehensive performance construction organizations assessment models. Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique has been used for the data analysis and the models’ development. The research findings indicated that the CSFs factors in construction organizations have different priorities and weights according to the different functional units. Four assessment models are eventually developed to reflect the unique perspective of four functional units in construction organizations. The developed models have been validated with satisfactory results ranging 80% to 90%. This research will benefit organizations managers to accurately assess their performance according to the different functional units.

scholarly journals How football fans perceive sports heroes – The case of Israel

2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-19
Author(s):  
Orr Levental ◽  
Shira Ben-Amram Nudelman
Keyword(s):  
Special Importance ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Extensive Discussion ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Celebrity Status ◽  
Unique Nature ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Soccer Fans ◽  
Sports Heroes

Abstract Background: Hero-making and hero-worship are common in human society. Yet despite the universal appeal of heroes, the features attributed to these figures and the attitudes toward them change depending upon the circumstances. Heroes have been the topic of extensive discussion in the academic literature. Nevertheless, little research attention has been directed at sports heroes. Examining soccer heroes is of special importance, particularly in view of soccer’s popularity across the globe and the celebrity status of top soccer stars. Purpose: The objective of this paper is to examine and map the defining features of soccer heroes as subjectively perceived by their fans. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study that entailed semi-structured interviews with 18 young Israeli soccer fans as well as content analysis of fan chants. Results: The research findings indicate that fans attribute special importance to three main characteristics that are not perceived as dominant among heroes in other contexts: loyalty to team and family, modesty and morality, and the ability to influence their surroundings. Based on the findings, the paper discusses the unique nature of soccer heroes in contrast to other elite players and the role played by these heroes for their fans.

scholarly journals Laboratory Model Studies on the Drying Efficiency of Transformer Cellulose Insulation Using Synthetic Ester

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Przybylek ◽  
Hubert Moranda ◽  
Hanna Moscicka-Grzesiak ◽  
Mateusz Cybulski
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
Laboratory Model ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Model Studies ◽  
Synthetic Ester ◽  
Drying Efficiency ◽  
Cellulose Insulation

This paper presents the results of laboratory tests of cellulose insulation drying with the use of synthetic ester. The effectiveness of the drying process was investigated depending on the initial moisture of cellulose samples (2%, 3%, and 4%), ester temperature (55, 70, and 85 °C), initial moisture of the ester (70, 140, and 220 ppm), drying time (48, 96, and 168 h), and the weight ratio of cellulosic materials to ester (0.067 and 0.033). A large influence of temperature and time of drying on the efficiency of the drying process was found. This is important information due to the application of the results in the transformers drying procedure. The heating and drying ester unit should provide the highest possible temperature. For the assumed experiment conditions the initial moisture of the ester had little effect on the drying efficiency. An ester with a moisture content below 140 ppm can still be considered as meeting the requirements for drying cellulose with significant moisture. The weight ratio of cellulose products to ester has no major effect on drying efficiency during cellulose drying by circulating dry ester.

A two-hit model of sepsis plus hyperoxia causes lung permeability and inflammation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie A. Bastarache ◽  
Kyle Smith ◽  
Jordan J Jesse ◽  
Nathan D Putz ◽  
Jamie E Meegan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Abdominal Sepsis ◽  
Lung Injury Score ◽  
Lung Edema ◽  
Injury Score ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Lung Epithelial

Mouse models of acute lung injury (ALI) have been instrumental for studies of the biologic underpinnings of lung inflammation and permeability, but murine models of sepsis generate minimal lung injury. Our goal was to create a murine sepsis model of ALI that reflects the inflammation, lung edema, histologic abnormalities and physiologic dysfunction that characterize ALI. Using a cecal slurry (CS) model of polymicrobial abdominal sepsis and exposure to hyperoxia (95%), we systematically varied timing and dose of the CS injection, fluids and antibiotics and dose of hyperoxia. We found that CS alone had a high mortality rate that was improved with the addition of antibiotics and fluids. Despite this, we did not see evidence of ALI as measured by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cell count, total protein, CXCL-1 or by lung wet:dry weight ratio. Addition of hyperoxia (95% FiO2) to CS immediately after CS injection increased BAL cell counts and CXCL-1 and lung wet:dry weight ratio but was associated with 40% mortality. Splitting the hyperoxia treatment into two 12 hour exposures (0-12 hours24-36 hours) after CS injection increased survival to 75% and caused significant lung injury compared to CS alone as measured by increased BAL total cell count (92500 vs 240000, p=0.0004), BAL protein (71 vs 103 ug/ml, p=0.0030, and lung wet:dry weight ratio (4.5 vs 5.5 p=0.0005), and compared to sham as measured by increased BAL CXCL-1 (20 vs 2372 pg/ml, p<0.0001), and histologic lung injury score (1.9 vs 4.2, p=0.0077). Additionally, our final model showed evidence of lung epithelial (increased BAL and plasma RAGE) and endothelial (increased Syndecan-1 and sulfated glycosaminoglycans) injury. In conclusion, we have developed a clinically relevant mouse model of sepsis-induced ALI using IP injection of CS, antibiotics and fluids, and hyperoxia. This clinically relevant model can be used for future studies of sepsis-induced ALI.

scholarly journals Modelling the 200 m Front-Crawl Performance Predictors at the Winter Season Peak

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 2126
Author(s):  
Mário J. Costa ◽  
Catarina C. Santos ◽  
Daniel A. Marinho ◽  
António J. Silva ◽  
Tiago M. Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Stroke Index ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Front Crawl ◽  
Stroke Length ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Arm Span

This study aimed to identify potential predictors of 200 m front crawl performance at the winter season peak based on the anthropometric, physiological and biomechanical domains. Twelve expert male swimmers completed an incremental 7 × 200 m step test immediately after their most important winter competitions. Measurements were made of: (i) height, body mass and arm span as anthropometrical parameters; (ii) velocity at a 4 mmol·L−1 lactate concentration (V4), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2máx) and energy cost (C), as physiological parameters; (iii) stroke frequency (SF), stroke length (SL), stroke index (SI) and propelling efficiency (ηp) as biomechanical indicators; and (iv) 200 m front crawl race time in official long course competitions. Spearman correlation coefficients identified V4 as the single factor having significant relationship with performance. Simple regression analysis determined V4, SI and arm span as the most relevant variables of each group. Multiple linear regression models showed that physiological factors explained better (59%) the variation in performance at this stage of the season, followed by the biomechanical (14%) ones. Therefore, V4 can be one important aspect for training control and diagnosis for those who want to achieve success in the 200 m front crawl at the winter season peak.

scholarly journals Suppurative rhinitis associated with Haemophilus species infection in a cat : clinical communication

2004 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Milner ◽  
J.H. Horton ◽  
P.C. Crawford ◽  
J. O'Kelley ◽  
A. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Immune Function ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Immune Dysfunction ◽  
Contributory Factor ◽  
Human Pathogen ◽  
Clinical Communication ◽  
Animal Pathogens ◽  
Unique Nature ◽  
Haemophilus Species ◽  
Function Testing

A young cat with signs of chronic rhinitis was evaluated for underlying anatomical, inflammatory, or infectious disease. Initial diagnostics were significant for the isolation of an unusual pathogen, Haemophilus species. Isolation using a human RapID(TM) NH system erroneously identified the isolate as H. segnis, a human pathogen. No database of veterinary pathogens (Haemophilus) are included in the system and animal pathogens will either be erroneously identified or yield a unique biocode not listed. Because of the unique nature of the pathogen we explored the possibility of immunosuppression as a contributory factor to infection. A variety of laboratory tests were employed to evaluate immune function. The clinical indications and utility of immune function testing are discussed. No immune dysfunction was identified.

Anthropometric characteristics and physiological responses of high level swimmers and performance in 100 m freestyle swimming

2018 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
G. Rozi ◽  
V. Thanopoulos ◽  
N. Geladas ◽  
E. Soultanaki ◽  
M. Dopsaj
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Sports Science ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Multiple Stepwise Regression Analysis ◽  
Arm Span ◽  
Anthropometric Characteristics ◽  
And Performance ◽  
High Level ◽  
Selection Of

The effect of the anthropometric characteristics on performances has been the subject of many studies (Reilly, T., Bangsbo, J., & Franks, A. (2000). Anthropometric and physiological predispositions for elite soccer. Journal of Sports Science, 18(9), 669–683) but performance also depends on different physiological parameters. The aim of the present study is to define the anthropometric and physiological variables that best predict performance time of 100 m freestyle swimming. Twenty-five competitive male swimmers (age: 15 ± 1.2 years) participated in the research. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that arm span is the best predictor of 100 m freestyle swimming performance (r = 0.835). Arm span explains 68.5% of the variance of dependent variable (Adj R2: 0.685). In the final model, the variables that best describe 100 m freestyle swimming are the number of strokes of 100 m freestyle swimming, triceps skinfold, pelvis and shoulders width (Adj R2: 0.882). These findings confirm the importance of the anthropometric variables for swimming performance and could help coaches in the selection of high-level athletes.

Whiteout—A Bibliographical Survey

1959 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 225-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
George S. Harker
Keyword(s):  
Distance Estimation ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Directional Orientation ◽  
Diffuse Illumination ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Bibliographical Survey

The polar phenomenon of whiteout is described through the medium of quotations from persons who have experienced the phenomenon. The meteorological conditions indicated to produce the phenomenon are noted and the mechanism of their operation discussed in terms of research findings available in the literature. Topics considered are: diffuse illumination, meteorological range, and illumination levels. Contributory physiological factors are noted and discussed under the following headings: retinal illumination, empty-field myopia, and entoptic phenomena. The psychological import of whiteout is discussed in relation to perception of the vertical, directional orientation, and distance estimation.

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