scholarly journals Determining the Role of Pedestrian-Orientation, Concerning the Public Places: Improvement of Urban Social Capital Quality

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 901-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Moayedi ◽  
Reza Kheyroddin ◽  
Ismail Shieh
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Public Places ◽  
High Tendency ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status

Studying the status of urban social capital indicates that it is declining in contemporary cities. The experts in the field of social science have seriously warned on the consequences of this decline, by examining the components of social capital which is the result of forming norms of collective life and social interaction. In this regard, urbanization knowledge seeks to strengthen social capital through targeted interventions and efforts to improve the quality of urban life. Social interactions are significantly important factors contributing to the social capital and one of the most effective ways of realizing social interactions is making and developing of "public urban places". Regarding the previous studies which show that public places are created for people's presence and social mobility, this study seeks the ways for strengthening social capital by interventions in public places and increasing their quality by determining the role of urban spaces in improving the status of social capital. For a better study of the subject, using a desk research method, field observation and scrolling through a questionnaire, the market pedestrian located in the central area of Tehran was studied. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software and the results showed that interventions with the aim of pedestrianizing and attempts to make a high quality place increase presence of people and cause a high tendency to establish social interactions.in fact pedestrian-orientation of urban areas has facilitated face-to-face and collective communication by influencing the social trust and solidarity, also it has helped with strengthening the tendency to participate and cooperate. Hence, adoption of the pedestrian-orientation policy and efforts to improve the quality of public places, have enhanced the social capital of city.

scholarly journals The Role of the Social Capital of an Individual in the Formation of the Quality of Life

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-53
Author(s):  
Valentina A. Sushko ◽  
Gennadi B. Pronchev
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Micro Level ◽  
The Individual

The article examines the influence of social capital on the quality of life of the Russian population and its particular components. The authors point to the problem associated with the social capital of the individual and determine the levels, namely the micro-level (interaction of individuals), meso-level (interaction with organizations), and macro-level (interaction with government bodies, etc.), which form the social capital. In the course of the analysis, the authors reveal the theoretical and methodological approaches of foreign and Russian scientists to the concept of social capital and its components. Based on empirical data from sociological research conducted in 2019, the article analyzes the structure of values of the adult population of Russia, highlights the characteristics of social capital and the degree of their influence on the formation of the quality of life. In the course of the research, the authors focus on the micro-level of the formation and influence of social capital, highlighting such components as a social activity and material security of an individual. In the course of the study, it was found that the social capital of a person affects the quality of a person's life, to a certain extent, forming the circle of his/her interests and values, as well as providing real opportunities for the realization of the interests of the individual and meeting his/her needs. The obtained results of the analysis can be useful for further study of the quality of life.

scholarly journals The Pandemic Social Services Market: New Practices and Technologies

2021 ◽  
pp. 110-123
Author(s):  
Yana Sitnikova ◽  
Nataliya Nikolenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Services ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Service Market ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Status ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Quantitative And Qualitative Methods

This article analyzes the processes of development of the social service market, which is part of the social protection system. Through a comparative analysis of the Soviet and Russian models of social services, the authors conclude that the modern system, while partially retaining some characteristics of the Soviet system, is transforming and acquiring new specific features. Based on the generalization of the results of the authors' comprehensive sociological research using quantitative and qualitative methods (questionnaire survey, in-depth interviews, content analysis), the innovative practices of working with consumers (recipients) of social services, which social efficiency in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic was noted by respondents, used by NCOs operating in the social services market. Despite the complexity of objective circumstances faced by organizations, regional NCOs still managed to maintain the quality of social services provided in both online and offline formats at a level that meets the needs of recipients. The prospects for the development of SO NPOs are connected not only with the creation and implementation of innovative technologies and practices, but also depend on strengthening the personnel composition of employees through the development and subsequent implementation of proposals for protecting their health and improving professional competencies by creating conditions for training, advanced training and mastering new specialties. The article notes the important role of regional media in covering the activities of NGOs in the difficult period of the spread of coronavirus infection and the establishment of a forced regime of social isolation. An analysis of video materials broadcast on official channels of Volgograd television is given, which contributed to strengthening the status of NGOs as competitive providers of quality social services. It is predicted that the experience gained during the "pandemic" period will be used by NGOs in their day-to-day activities in the future.

scholarly journals Social capital as a factor in the development of peripheral areas: an analysis of selected components of social capital in Czechia’s typologically different peripheries

Geografie ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vít Jančák ◽  
Pavel Chromý ◽  
Miroslav Marada ◽  
Tomáš Havlíček ◽  
Petra Vondráčková
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Territorial Differentiation ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Quantitative Analyses ◽  
Peripheral Areas ◽  
Human And Social Capital

This article explores regional differences in the social capital of peripheral areas in Czechia. Its objective is to make a general contribution to studies of social and human capital and to the clarification of the role of such capital in the polarisation of space. Specifically, the article builds on previous quantitative analyses of differences in human and social capital in Czechia by presenting analyses of selected results from an extensive empirical study, carried out in typologically different peripheral micro-regions in Czechia. Emphasis is given to an analysis of problems concerning residents’ level of participation in groups, according to a given region’s scale-level, residents’ trust in selected subjects (individuals, entities and institutions) and the overall satisfaction of residents with life in a given municipality. In terms of territorial differentiation, attention is focused on an analysis of differences in the quality of social capital in Czechia’s inner and external peripheries, in other words, in areas of continuous settlement and in border regions that were settled after the removal of the German speaking population.

scholarly journals A review of psychological studies on social interactions of students in inclusive classrooms

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Konokotin
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Small Groups ◽  
Educational Needs ◽  
Inclusive Classrooms ◽  
Special Educational Needs ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Psychological Studies

The article presents a review of current foreign publications on the social interactions of children in inclusive classrooms. It analyzes the studies carried out during the period from 2008 to 2017, i.e. over the past decade. The results show that social interactions of students in inclusive classrooms are often studied in small groups where students with special educational needs and their normally developing peers are gathered together, but researchers ignore other factors that may have an impact on the quality of their interactions. Thus interactions of students are not equal in nature and are not purposefully organized so that researchers are not able to fully identify the role of each student

Strategic Role of Zakat in Multidimensional Quality of Life in Sijunjung, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
Herlin Hamimi ◽  
Abdul Ghafar Ismail ◽  
Muhammad Hasbi Zaenal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Status ◽  
Being There ◽  
The Impact

Zakat is one of the five pillars of Islam which has a function of faith, social and economic functions. Muslims who can pay zakat are required to give at least 2.5 per cent of their wealth. The problem of poverty prevalent in disadvantaged regions because of the difficulty of access to information and communication led to a gap that is so high in wealth and resources. The instrument of zakat provides a paradigm in the achievement of equitable wealth distribution and healthy circulation. Zakat potentially offers a better life and improves the quality of human being. There is a human quality improvement not only in economic terms but also in spiritual terms such as improving religiousity. This study aims to examine the role of zakat to alleviate humanitarian issues in disadvantaged regions such as Sijunjung, one of zakat beneficiaries and impoverished areas in Indonesia. The researcher attempted a Cibest method to capture the impact of zakat beneficiaries before and after becoming a member of Zakat Community Development (ZCD) Program in material and spiritual value. The overall analysis shows that zakat has a positive impact on disadvantaged regions development and enhance the quality of life of the community. There is an improvement in the average of mustahik household incomes after becoming a member of ZCD Program. Cibest model demonstrates that material, spiritual, and absolute poverty index decreased by 10, 5, and 6 per cent. Meanwhile, the welfare index is increased by 21 per cent. These findings have significant implications for developing the quality of life in disadvantaged regions in Sijunjung. Therefore, zakat is one of the instruments to change the status of disadvantaged areas to be equivalent to other areas.

Value-driven issues throughout the development of sociological theory

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-160
Author(s):  
Gulbarshyn Chepurko ◽  
Valerii Pylypenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social System ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Different Levels

The paper examines and compares how the major sociological theories treat axiological issues. Value-driven topics are analysed in view of their relevance to society in times of crisis, when both societal life and the very structure of society undergo dramatic change. Nowadays, social scientists around the world are also witnessing such a change due to the emergence of alternative schools of sociological thought (non-classical, interpretive, postmodern, etc.) and, subsequently, the necessity to revise the paradigms that have been existed in sociology so far. Since the above-mentioned approaches are often used to address value-related issues, building a solid theoretical framework for these studies takes on considerable significance. Furthermore, the paradigm revision has been prompted by technological advances changing all areas of people’s lives, especially social interactions. The global human community, integral in nature, is being formed, and production of human values now matters more than production of things; hence the “expansion” of value-focused perspectives in contemporary sociology. The authors give special attention to collectivities which are higher-order units of the social system. These units are described as well-organised action systems where each individual performs his/her specific role. Just as the role of an individual is distinct from that of the collectivity (because the individual and the collectivity are different as units), so too a distinction is drawn between the value and the norm — because they represent different levels of social relationships. Values are the main connecting element between the society’s cultural system and the social sphere while norms, for the most part, belong to the social system. Values serve primarily to maintain the pattern according to which the society is functioning at a given time; norms are essential to social integration. Apart from being the means of regulating social processes and relationships, norms embody the “principles” that can be applied beyond a particular social system. The authors underline that it is important for Ukrainian sociology to keep abreast of the latest developments in the field of axiology and make good use of those ideas because this is a prerequisite for its successful integration into the global sociological community.

Evolution of the public administration system. The Republic of Estonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-118
Author(s):  
YANA TOOM ◽  
◽  
VALENTINA V. KOMLEVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Administration System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Administrative Reforms ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
External Threats ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic

The article studies the main stages and features of the evolution of the public administration system in the Republic of Estonia after 1992. This paper presents brief geographical and socio-economic characteristics that largely determine the development of the country’s public administration. The evolution of the institution of the presidency, executive, and legislative powers are considered. The role of parliament and mechanisms for coordinating the interests of different groups of the population for the development of the country is especially emphasized. The authors analyze the state and administrative reforms of recent years, which were aimed at improving the quality of services provided to the population, increasing the competitiveness of different parts of Estonia, as well as optimizing public spending and management structure. The introduction of digital technologies into the sphere of public administration, healthcare, education, and the social sphere is of a notable place. Such phenomena as e-residency, e-federation, and other digital projects are considered. The development of a digital system of interstate interaction between Estonia and Finland made it possible to create the world’s first e-federation, and the digitization of all strategically important information and its transfer to cloud storage speaks of the creation of the world’s first e-residency, a special residence of data outside the country’s borders to ensure digital continuity and statehood in the event of critical malfunctions or external threats.

The transformation of the Russian notary in the new economic realities

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
KONSTANTIN A. KORSIK ◽  
◽  
ANASTASIYA A. PARFENCHIKOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
The State ◽  
Technological Infrastructure ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social ◽  
Modern Economic ◽  
World Development

The article is devoted to the review of current changes in the legislation on notaries related to the development of electronic civil circulation, analysis of existing digital risks and assessment of the role of notaries in combating them. In modern economic realities, a significant expansion of the sphere of competence of the notary is carried out by introducing completely new notarial actions into the scope of the notary’s terms of reference. At the same time, the notary does not just follow the general ‘digital’ trend, but independently makes significant efforts to effectively perform the tasks of the social sphere regulator assigned to it by the state. The creation of the Unified Notary Information System as part of the formation of the technological infrastructure to ensure the security and stability of legal relations in the context of electronic civil circulation takes to a new level the quality of notarial services and the security of legally relevant information. The role of notaries significantly increases in conditions when the use of digital technologies in the economy, public administration, social sphere becomes one of the main vectors of world development, and society and the state inevitably face the flip side of this process – digital risks that jeopardize the safety of participants in civil turnover and their property. In 2020, as part of the implementation of the national program ‘Digital Economy’, it is planned to introduce a number of innovations that will create the basis for a stable and secure ‘digital’ turnover.

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