scholarly journals Silent Listeners: The Evolution of Privacy and Disclosure on Facebook

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Stutzman ◽  
Ralph Gross ◽  
Alessandro Acquisti
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Social Network Sites ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
Over Time

Over the past decade, social network sites have experienced dramatic growth in popularity, reaching most demographics and providing new opportunities for interaction and socialization. Through this growth, users have been challenged to manage novel privacy concerns and balance nuanced trade-offs between disclosing and withholding personal information. To date, however, no study has documented how privacy and disclosure evolved on social network sites over an extended period of time. In this manuscript we use profile data from a longitudinal panel of 5,076 Facebook users to understand how their privacy and disclosure behavior changed between 2005---the early days of the network---and 2011. Our analysis highlights three contrasting trends. First, over time Facebook users in our dataset exhibited increasingly privacy-seeking behavior, progressively decreasing the amount of personal data shared publicly with unconnected profiles in the same network. However, and second, changes implemented by Facebook near the end of the period of time under our observation arrested or in some cases inverted that trend. Third, the amount and scope of personal information that Facebook users revealed privately to other connected profiles actually increased over time---and because of that, so did disclosures to ``silent listeners'' on the network: Facebook itself, third-party apps, and (indirectly) advertisers. These findings highlight the tension between privacy choices as expressions of individual subjective preferences, and the role of the environment in shaping those choices.

Privacy Concerns and Consumer Willingness to Provide Personal Information

2000 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Phelps ◽  
Glen Nowak ◽  
Elizabeth Ferrell
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Direct Marketing ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Consumer Privacy ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Situational Characteristics ◽  
Information Type

The authors examine potential relationships among categories of personal information, beliefs about direct marketing, situational characteristics, specific privacy concerns, and consumers’ direct marketing shopping habits. Furthermore, the authors offer an assessment of the trade-offs consumers are willing to make when they exchange personal information for shopping benefits. The findings indicate that public policy and self-regulatory efforts to alleviate consumer privacy concerns should provide consumers with more control over the initial gathering and subsequent dissemination of personal information. Such efforts must also consider the type of information sought, because consumer concern and willingness to provide marketers with personal data vary dramatically by information type.

scholarly journals The ‘Privacy Paradox’ Investigation among the African American College Students: Privacy Concerns and Self-Disclosure on the Social Network Sites

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 619
Author(s):  
Yanjun Yu
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Social Network ◽  
College Student ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Social Network Sites ◽  
African American College Students ◽  
Privacy Risk ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Privacy Paradox

<div><p><em>This article examines the current status of privacy risk concern on Social Network Sites (SNS) among African American college students in a HBCU college in the United States. It also investigates the gender difference on this issue. The research focuses on the ‘privacy paradox’ phenomenon on SNS, in other words, how SNS users’ privacy risk concern associates with their self-disclosure activity. The research findings are interesting and confirm the ‘privacy paradox’ phenomenon among the less studied African American college student community. The results show although the participants of the study fear something unpleasant can happen to them due to their presence on SNS and realize it is risky to publish their personal information on SNS, they still do some self-disclosure activities such as post photos and status. When they see the threat to their privacy due to their presence on SNS, they still post their status and videos on SNS. When they feel unsafe to publish their personal information on SNS, they still post photos and videos on SNS. Gender only significantly affect the post photo self-disclosure activity on SNS. The research contributes to the academia by investigating privacy concerns on the rarely studied minority community i.e., African American college student body. The study can provide tips for the privacy policy practitioners when they make or modify their privacy policies. </em></p></div>

scholarly journals The Economics of Privacy

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 442-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Acquisti ◽  
Curtis Taylor ◽  
Liad Wagman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Societal Welfare ◽  
Economics Of Privacy ◽  
Privacy Issues ◽  
Over Time

This article summarizes and draws connections among diverse streams of theoretical and empirical research on the economics of privacy. We focus on the economic value and consequences of protecting and disclosing personal information, and on consumers' understanding and decisions regarding the trade-offs associated with the privacy and the sharing of personal data. We highlight how the economic analysis of privacy evolved over time, as advancements in information technology raised increasingly nuanced and complex issues. We find and highlight three themes that connect diverse insights from the literature. First, characterizing a single unifying economic theory of privacy is hard, because privacy issues of economic relevance arise in widely diverse contexts. Second, there are theoretical and empirical situations where the protection of privacy can both enhance and detract from individual and societal welfare. Third, in digital economies, consumers' ability to make informed decisions about their privacy is severely hindered because consumers are often in a position of imperfect or asymmetric information regarding when their data is collected, for what purposes, and with what consequences. We conclude the article by highlighting some of the ongoing issues in the privacy debate of interest to economists. (JEL D82, D83, G20, I10, L13, M31, M37)

scholarly journals Development of Personal Information Privacy Concerns Evaluation

2018 ◽  
pp. 4862-4871
Author(s):  
Anna Rohunen ◽  
Jouni Markkula
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
The Public ◽  
Data Intensive ◽  
Information Privacy Concerns ◽  
Evaluation Instruments ◽  
Information And Communication

Personal data is increasingly collected with the support of rapidly advancing information and communication technology, which raises privacy concerns among data subjects. In order to address these concerns and offer the full benefits of personal data intensive services to the public, service providers need to understand how to evaluate privacy concerns in evolving service contexts. By analyzing the earlier used privacy concerns evaluation instruments, we can learn how to adapt them to new contexts. In this article, the historical development of the most widely used privacy concerns evaluation instruments is presented and analyzed regarding privacy concerns' dimensions. Privacy concerns' core dimensions, and the types of context dependent dimensions, to be incorporated into evaluation instruments are identified. Following this, recommendations on how to utilize the existing evaluation instruments are given, as well as suggestions for future research dealing with validation and standardization of the instruments.

Will it be Disclosure or Fabrication of Personal Information?

2010 ◽  
pp. 231-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Li ◽  
Radhika Santhanam
Keyword(s):  
Personal Information ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Job Applicants ◽  
Accurate Information ◽  
Hiring Decisions ◽  
Job Applicant ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Willingness To Disclose ◽  
Information Sensitivity ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

Individuals are increasingly reluctant to disclose personal data and sometimes even intentionally fabricate information to avoid the risk of having it compromised. In this context, organizations face an acute dilemma: they must obtain accurate job applicant information in order to make good hiring decisions, but potential employees may be reluctant to provide accurate information because they fear it could be used for other purposes. Building on theoretical foundations from social cognition and persuasion theory, we propose that, depending on levels of privacy concerns, organizations could use appropriate strategies to persuade job applicants to provide accurate information. We conducted a laboratory experiment to examine the effects of two different persuasion strategies on prospective employees’ willingness to disclose information, measured as their intentions to disclose or falsify information. Our results show support for our suggestion As part of this study, we propose the term information sensitivity to identify the types of personal information that potential employees are most reluctant to disclose.

The Impact of Data Protection Regulations on Start-Up Enterprises

2021 ◽  
pp. 120-133
Author(s):  
Cumhur Boyacioglu ◽  
Orkun Yıldız
Keyword(s):  
Data Protection ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
Legal Traditions ◽  
Legal Problems ◽  
Start Up ◽  
The One

Information is vital for enterprises. However, the usage of information uniquely personal data leads to various legal problems. On the one side, enterprises require free and unlimited usage of personal data as much as possible for their continuity and progression. On the other side, natural and legal persons seek legal protection regarding their personal information or market position. It is challenging to find a fair and reasonable balance that can last for an extended period in such a dynamic field. This article evaluates the general tendencies concerning data usage, sharing, and protection problems considering Start-Up enterprises' situation aside from their legal form. The problems mainly arise in the fields of data protection and unfair competition. Some of the legal problems are also related to intellectual property. Instead of trying to find general and local solutions, it seems more useful to seek and find solutions that shall take the interests of various enterprises and companies from diverse sectors and legal traditions employing good practices. Of course, it is not very easy to reach solutions that will be accepted by all the related parties. The legal solutions should not constraint Start-Up enterprises' innovative progress, as well as meeting related parties' protection and fair trade expectations. Otherwise, privacy violations and abuse of competition will be inevitable.

Sealing One's Online Wall Off From Outsiders

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ardion Beldad
Keyword(s):  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Technology Acceptance Model ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Online Social Network ◽  
Social Network Sites ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Privacy Settings ◽  
Acceptance Model

Pieces of personal information (e.g. contact details, photos, thoughts and opinions on issues and things) on online social network sites are susceptible to third-party surveillance. While users are provided with the possibility to prevent unwarranted access using available privacy settings, such settings may not often be adequately used. This research investigated the factors influencing the use of Facebook's privacy settings among young Dutch users based on the premises of Protection Motivation Theory and Technology Acceptance Model. A paper-based survey was implemented with 295 students in a vocational school in the eastern part of the Netherlands. Results of hierarchical regression analysis indicate that privacy valuation, self-efficacy, and respondents' age positively influenced the use of Facebook's privacy settings. Furthermore, the size of Facebook users' network negatively influences the use of those settings. Important results and points for future research are discussed in the paper.

scholarly journals That’s Private! Understanding Travelers’ Privacy Concerns and Online Data Disclosure

2020 ◽  
pp. 004728752095164
Author(s):  
Athina Ioannou ◽  
Iis Tussyadiah ◽  
Graham Miller
Keyword(s):  
Data Privacy ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Biometric Data ◽  
Identity Verification ◽  
Privacy Concerns ◽  
Travel And Tourism

Against the backdrop of advancements in technology and its deployment by companies and governments to collect sensitive personal information, information privacy has become an issue of great interest for academics, practitioners, and the general public. The travel and tourism industry has been pioneering the collection and use of biometric data for identity verification. Yet, privacy research focusing on the travel context is scarce. This study developed a valid measurement of Travelers’ Online Privacy Concerns (TOPC) through a series of empirical studies: pilot ( n=277) and cross-validation ( n=287). TOPC was then assessed for its predictive validity in its relationships with trust, risk, and intention to disclose four types of personal data: biometric, identifiers, biographic, and behavioral data ( n=685). Results highlight the role of trust in mitigating the relationship between travelers’ privacy concerns and data disclosure. This study provides valuable contribution to research and practice on data privacy in travel.

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