"An Effectiveness Analysis on the Family Bond Reinforcement Program for  Released Prisoners"

Two Upper Triassic sphinctozoan sponges of the family Sebargasiidae were recovered from silicified residues collected in Hells Canyon, Oregon. These sponges areAmblysiphonellacf.A. steinmanni(Haas), known from the Tethys region, andColospongia whalenin. sp., an endemic species. The latter sponge was placed in the superfamily Porata by Seilacher (1962). The presence of well-preserved cribrate plates in this sponge, in addition to pores of the chamber walls, is a unique condition never before reported in any porate sphinctozoans. Aporate counterparts known primarily from the Triassic Alps have similar cribrate plates but lack the pores in the chamber walls. The sponges from Hells Canyon are associated with abundant bivalves and corals of marked Tethyan affinities and come from a displaced terrane known as the Wallowa Terrane. It was a tropical island arc, suspected to have paleogeographic relationships with Wrangellia; however, these sponges have not yet been found in any other Cordilleran terrane.

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Power over the Body, Equality in the Family: Rights and Domestic Relations in Medieval Canon Law. Charles J. Reid, Jr.

Speculum ◽

10.1017/s0038713400020194 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 81 (1) ◽

pp. 263-264

Author(s):

Thomas Kuehn

Keyword(s):

Canon Law ◽

The Body ◽

Domestic Relations ◽

The Family ◽

Medieval Canon Law

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Electron Microscopy of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100065341 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 29 ◽

pp. 258-259 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E. S. Boatman ◽

G. E. Kenny

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Light Microscopy ◽

Growth Phase ◽

Hela Cells ◽

Sulfonic Acid ◽

Gamma Globulin ◽

Horse Serum ◽

Morphological Aspects ◽

The Family

Information concerning the morphology and replication of organism of the family Mycoplasmataceae remains, despite over 70 years of study, highly controversial. Due to their small size observations by light microscopy have not been rewarding. Furthermore, not only are these organisms extremely pleomorphic but their morphology also changes according to growth phase. This study deals with the morphological aspects of M. pneumoniae strain 3546 in relation to growth, interaction with HeLa cells and possible mechanisms of replication.The organisms were grown aerobically at 37°C in a soy peptone yeast dialysate medium supplemented with 12% gamma-globulin free horse serum. The medium was buffered at pH 7.3 with TES [N-tris (hyroxymethyl) methyl-2-aminoethane sulfonic acid] at 10mM concentration. The inoculum, an actively growing culture, was filtered through a 0.5 μm polycarbonate “nuclepore” filter to prevent transfer of all but the smallest aggregates. Growth was assessed at specific periods by colony counts and 800 ml samples of organisms were fixed in situ with 2.5% glutaraldehyde for 3 hrs. at 4°C. Washed cells for sectioning were post-fixed in 0.8% OSO4 in veronal-acetate buffer pH 6.1 for 1 hr. at 21°C. HeLa cells were infected with a filtered inoculum of M. pneumoniae and incubated for 9 days in Leighton tubes with coverslips. The cells were then removed and processed for electron microscopy.

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Exposure of protein VP7 on the surface of bluetongue virus

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100160558 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (3) ◽

pp. 600-601

Author(s):

A.D. Hyatt

Keyword(s):

Bluetongue Virus ◽

Structural Proteins ◽

Major Constituent ◽

Outer Coat ◽

Virus Particles ◽

Antibody Recognition ◽

The Core ◽

The Family ◽

Electron Microscopical ◽

Physical Accessibility

Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the type species os the genus orbivirus in the family Reoviridae. The virus has a fibrillar outer coat containing two major structural proteins VP2 and VP5 which surround an icosahedral core. The core contains two major proteins VP3 and VP7 and three minor proteins VP1, VP4 and VP6. Recent evidence has indicated that the core comprises a neucleoprotein center which is surrounded by two protein layers; VP7, a major constituent of capsomeres comprises the outer and VP3 the inner layer of the core . Antibodies to VP7 are currently used in enzyme-linked immunosorbant assays and immuno-electron microscopical (JEM) tests for the detection of BTV. The tests involve the antibody recognition of VP7 on virus particles. In an attempt to understand how complete viruses can interact with antibodies to VP7 various antibody types and methodologies were utilized to determine the physical accessibility of the core to the external environment.

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