Market Survey Strategy for Sharp Well Economic: A Case Study of Well Planning in Deepwater Exploration Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.B. Natanegara
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Market Condition ◽  
Market Survey ◽  
Data Market ◽  
Procurement Strategy ◽  
Survey Strategy ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

A deep-water well is one of the high profile project which is closely related to a high cost project. One of the key success prior starting the project is by conducting the cost estimation (Owner Estimate). For a typical new operation with limited offset data, market survey is one of the way to have the base cost estimation. Performing a market survey for estimating owner estimate prior to perform tender process and also a need for a basis of well cost is critical step in calculating economic of the well or investment decisions during well planning. Many approaches to perform the market survey and sometimes people customize them in order to fit with the purpose. This paper is trying to exercise some of the market survey methodology options and also to describe the impact to the selection of procurement strategy and maturation of cost estimation. The market survey methodology will be presented in details for each options. Experiences while estimating long lead items (LLI) and drilling services costs for a deep-water exploration drilling well were exercised here. The outcomes were compared and assessed. Nevertheless, literature reviews are also performed to enrich understanding and better judgment when estimating the cost. By performing a comprehensive market survey, we have successfully determined the current market condition and accurate cost estimation, which plays crucial roles in the decision making process for the best procurement strategy. Additionally, with the selective and progressive method in the market survey, it has narrowed down the bias cost data, especially for some of the major drilling services contract. The method on the market survey has established also an advantage in the remuneration strategy which leads to a cost saving in the project and also helps to fit in the project timeline.

Cost analysis error? Exploring issues relating to whole-life cost estimation in sustainable housing

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Sloan ◽  
Olubukola Tokede ◽  
Sam Wamuziri ◽  
Andrew Brown
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Cost Models ◽  
Binomial Theorem ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Zero Carbon ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Whole Life Costing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Whole Life Cost

Purpose – The main purpose of the study is to promote consideration of the issues and approaches available for costing sustainable buildings with a view to minimising cost overruns, occasioned by conservative whole-life cost estimates. The paper primarily looks at the impact of adopting continuity in whole-life cost models for zero carbon houses. Design/methodology/approach – The study embraces a mathematically based risk procedure based on the binomial theorem for analysing the cost implication of the Lighthouse zero-carbon house project. A practical application of the continuous whole-life cost model is developed and results are compared with existing whole-life cost techniques using finite element methods and Monte Carlo analysis. Findings – With standard whole-life costing, discounted present-value analysis tends to underestimate the cost of a project. Adopting continuity in whole-life cost models presents a clearer picture and profile of the economic realities and decision-choices confronting clients and policy-makers. It also expands the informative scope on the costs of zero-carbon housing projects. Research limitations/implications – A primary limitation in this work is its focus on just one property type as the unit of analysis. This research is also limited in its consideration of initial and running cost categories only. The capital cost figures for the Lighthouse are indicative rather than definitive. Practical implications – The continuous whole-life cost technique is a novel and innovative approach in financial appraisal […] Benefits of an improved costing framework will be far-reaching in establishing effective policies aimed at client acceptance and optimally performing supply chain networks. Originality/value – The continuous whole-life costing pioneers an experimental departure from the stereo-typical discounting mechanism in standard whole-life costing procedures.

scholarly journals Survey Methodology for a Collection of Technical Drawings

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aggeliki Natsikou ◽  
Konstantina Tsantiri ◽  
Spiros Zervos
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Survey Methodology ◽  
Historical Archive ◽  
Information Studies ◽  
Technical Specifications ◽  
The Cost

Abstract The YAMP (Projects and Specifications Archive Department) historical collection is part of the collections of technical drawings owned by the Historical Archive of Athens Water Supply and Sewerage Company (EYDAP S.A.). The survey of the collection, which is presented here, was commissioned by the Company to the Department of Archival, Library & Information Studies, University of West Attica, Greece. The objectives of the survey were the documentation of the condition of the collection, the determination of the technical specifications, and the cost estimation for its conservation. Several aspects of the survey methodology are presented, mainly the documentation step, which was planned to collect all the essential data, and the process of the cost estimation. Automation and parameterization of the calculations necessary for the documentation and the cost estimation are discussed in detail. The results of the survey and the recommended best practices for the optimization of the management of the collection are briefly outlined.

scholarly journals Cost Analysis of Chaff Harvesting Concepts in Germany

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannike Sophie Unger ◽  
Christoph Glasner
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Supply Chains ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Base Case ◽  
End User ◽  
Harvesting Process ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Harvesting Costs ◽  
Harvest Residue

This work assesses the costs of exploiting the biomass feedstock chaff. Chaff is a harvest residue generated during the conventional grain harvesting process and usually remains on the field. In this paper, the costs of collecting and supplying chaff to the end user with different harvesting methods and supply chains are analyzed. The costs are estimated for a base case defining a set of general assumptions. The impact of these assumptions is analyzed in a sensitivity analysis by means of tornado diagrams. A full costing method based on the VDI guideline 2067 part 1 is applied for the cost estimation. The cost analysis reveals that ceasing the fractioning of grain, straw and chaff during harvesting and transporting them as a mixture reduces the harvesting costs significantly. The costs are decreased due to a reduction in agricultural operations and processing large amounts of material. The lowest total costs originate from the production of chaff-straw bales. Harvesting chaff as a single fraction leads to the highest costs with the investigated supply chains. Comparing the costs of chaff supply to potential revenues shows that an exploitation of the harvest residue can be economically feasible.

Does Financial Crisis Affect the Cost of Equity Estimation? Evidence from the Tunisian Stock Exchange

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 491
Author(s):  
Kouki Mondher ◽  
Abderrazek Elkhaldi ◽  
Wided Bouani
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Explanatory Power ◽  
Cost Of Equity ◽  
Momentum Effect ◽  
Equity Cost ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this paper is to study the impact of the recent financial crisis on equity cost estimation. We use a data of a 22 firms listed in the Tunisian stock market during the period from July 2006 to June 2011. The choice of this period is motivated by the occurrence of the financial crisis of October 2008, which divides the period into two equal sub-periods. In the first stage, we make abstraction to the crisis impact and we run the three specifications of the cost of equity: the CAPM, the Fama -French three factor model and The Carhart four-factor model. Empirical results confirm the explanatory power of the three specifications in the context of the Tunisian market. We also confirm the existence of a size effect, a book to market effect and a momentum effect. In the second stage, we show that the presence of financial crisis does not affect the cost of equity. However, we note a decrease in the coefficients of the explanatory variable after introducing the dummy crisis variable.

Analysis of the cost factors on E-government software cost using fuzzy decision making system

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Xungang Gu ◽  
Gang Li ◽  
Shengli Cao ◽  
Yumeng Zhang ◽  
Ran Wang
Keyword(s):  
Impact Factor ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Fuzzy Decision Making ◽  
Digital Government ◽  
Software Cost ◽  
Cost Impact ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The reasonable cost budget of the e-government scheme can effectively promote the construction of the digital government. To analyze the cost impact components of the e-government system and find out the impact factor model works in China, this paper reviews relevant literature on software cost impact factors and proposes the impact factors model based on COCOMO II. Besides, combined with the actual construction of digital government and specific cases, this paper analyzes the mechanism of each impact factor in detail. The model can be used to guide the cost estimation of e-government software in China, especially with artificial intelligence estimation method. An enhanced decision theory of theory based on fuzzy set has been adopted for analysis of cost factor on E-government software cost.

scholarly journals Assessing the Impact of the Number of GCPS on the Accuracy of Photogrammetric Mapping from UAV Imagery

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 43-51 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Image Data ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Very Large Datasets ◽  
Mapping Process ◽  
Multi Temporal ◽  
Survey Strategy ◽  
High Standards ◽  
Erosion Mechanisms ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

(UAVs) very large datasets can be collected rapidly, covering significant surfaces with centimetre-scale resolution, with the consequence possibility to analyse geological structures of coastal areas within those datasets digitally. The monitoring of erosion mechanisms in fact requires high standards of precision to appreciate their effects. With the availability of a regular coastal monitoring programme being carried out in a large territory, UAVs can replace many of the conventional flights, with considerable advantages in the cost of data acquisition and without any loss in the quality of topographic and aerial imagery data. Several works in literature have been focused on finding an effective and sustainable survey strategy to limit costs and work times. However, it is necessary to refine the photogrammetric mapping process to optimize its geometrical accuracy and ensure the multi-temporal and multi-scaling repeatability of final products. The aim of this work is to test the accuracy obtainable from various photogrammetric workflows concerning the 3D modelling of a coastline area that is subject to hydrogeological instability. To this purpose, a set of image data acquired with a UAV, equipped with a non-metric camera and a low-accuracy GNSS/INS receiver, was processed. To maintain and test the accuracy of the whole process, an adequate number of Ground Control Points (GCPs) was acquired by means of a high precision GNSS surveying.

Development of Harsh Environment Field With Ice Loadings Using Concrete Spar: Variability of Options

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Sablok ◽  
Erlend Hovland ◽  
Svein Stromme ◽  
Andrew Blundon
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Extreme Environment ◽  
Cost Difference ◽  
Floating Platform ◽  
Mooring Lines ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Oil Storage ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Abstract A floating platform in deep water East Canada is required to withstand iceberg loads and/or be disconnected and towed away in the event of very large approaching icebergs, leaving the mooring lines and risers in-place, support large topsides and in most cases, provide large quantities of oil storage in the hull. Concepts considered for deep water application in the area include ship shaped self-propelled disconnectable FPSO and disconnectable and permanently connected deep draft floaters. This paper presents the details of Concrete Spar platforms that have been configured to satisfy all the above requirements. Several variations in the functionality and configurations of the platforms were studied to understand the impact on the overall cost and risks. The case variations primarily included: • Disconnectable options for hull, mooring and risers • Non-disconnectable option able to handle the full iceberg load • With and without crude oil storage in hull • Sacrificial or non-sacrificial mooring or risers • Steel riser configurations (freely hanging catenary, SCR vs. lazy wave, SLWR) • Hull with and without riser support Buoy • Location of mooring fairleads (on Upper hull or Buoy) • Riser support configuration (Pull Tubes or Flex Joints) The iceberg loads experienced by the hull depended on the disconnection philosophy. The Concrete Spar hull is a 6-cell structure with the risers located inside the open centerwell. The paper describes several key features of the hull, mooring and riser systems for each case that are specifically designed to withstand iceberg loads and other environment loads while maintaining the characteristic low motion response for all the options considered. Additionally, the system has been designed to minimize the disconnection and reconnection time for the disconnectable cases. The platform dimensions and weights have been compared for the various options considered. The cases without oil storage in the hull have significantly smaller and lighter hull relative to similar cases with oil storage. The cases without hull disconnection option had similar hull dimensions but marginally higher concrete weight relative to the hull disconnection option. However, the cost of Buoy, required for the disconnection option, compensates for the concrete cost difference. The SCRs work for the inplace extreme environment and iceberg load cases. Depending on the hull offset required to avoid icebergs for the non-disconnection cases or the risers lowering depth for disconnection cases, SLWR may be needed. Recommendations are made for the preferred option for field development.

Demonstrating Nutrient Cost Gradients: A Brooklyn Case Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 84 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 244-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Karp ◽  
Gary Wong ◽  
Marguerite Orsi
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Food Selection ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Department ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Caloric Density ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Introduction: Foods dense in micronutrients are generally more expensive than those with higher energy content. These cost-differentials may put low-income families at risk of diminished micronutrient intake. Objectives: We sought to determine differences in the cost for iron, folate, and choline in foods available for purchase in a low-income community when assessed for energy content and serving size. Methods: Sixty-nine foods listed in the menu plans provided by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) for low-income families were considered, in 10 domains. The cost and micronutrient content for-energy and per-serving of these foods were determined for the three micronutrients. Exact Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for comparisons of energy costs; Spearman rho tests for comparisons of micronutrient content. Ninety families were interviewed in a pediatric clinic to assess the impact of food cost on food selection. Results: Significant differences between domains were shown for energy density with both cost-for-energy (p < 0.001) and cost-per-serving (p < 0.05) comparisons. All three micronutrient contents were significantly correlated with cost-for-energy (p < 0.01). Both iron and choline contents were significantly correlated with cost-per-serving (p < 0.05). Of the 90 families, 38 (42 %) worried about food costs; 40 (44 %) had chosen foods of high caloric density in response to that fear, and 29 of 40 families experiencing both worry and making such food selection. Conclusion: Adjustments to USDA meal plans using cost-for-energy analysis showed differentials for both energy and micronutrients. These differentials were reduced using cost-per-serving analysis, but were not eliminated. A substantial proportion of low-income families are vulnerable to micronutrient deficiencies.

TRANSFER FİYATLAMA UYGULAMASININ İŞLETME PERFORMANSINA ETKİSİ VE VERGİSEL AÇIDAN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Serdar KUZU
Keyword(s):  
Business Performance ◽  
Transfer Pricing ◽  
Tax Law ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Tax System ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Tax Legislation ◽  
International Transactions ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The size of international trade continues to extend rapidly from day to day as a result of the globalization process. This situation causes an increase in the economic activities of businesses in the trading area. One of the main objectives of the cost system applied in businesses is to be able to monitor the competitors and the changes that can be occured as a result of the developments in the sector. Thus, making cost accounting that is proper according to IAS / IFRS and tax legislation has become one of the strategic targets of the companies in most countries. In this respect, businesses should form their cost and pricing systems according to new regulations. Transfer pricing practice is usefull in setting the most proper price for goods that are subject to the transaction, in evaluating the performance of the responsibility centers of business, and in determining if the inter-departmental pricing system is consistent with targets of the business. The taxing powers of different countries and also the taxing powers of different institutions in a country did not overlap. Because of this reason, bringing new regulations to the tax system has become essential. The transfer pricing practice that has been incorporated into the Turkish Tax System is one of the these regulations. The transfer pricing practice which includes national and international transactions has been included in the Corporate Tax Law and Income Tax Law. The aim of this study is to analyse the impact of goods and services transfer that will occur between departments of businesses on the responsibility center and business performance, and also the impact of transfer pricing practice on the business performance on the basis of tax-related matters. As a result of the study, it can be said that transfer pricing practice has an impact on business performance in terms of both price and tax-related matters.

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