scholarly journals Jenis-Jenis Tumbuhan Parasit dan Persebarannya di Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB) Kampus Ganesha

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Meidoraeka Rigine Tambunan ◽  
Reza Raihandhany
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Plants ◽  
Ecological Distribution ◽  
Attack Trees

Parasitic plants are a group of plants that live and have a broad ecological distribution which in general attack trees, shrubs or herbs to be used as a host. Some parasitic plants attacked some plants in Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB) Ganesha Campus, Bandung. Exploration and collection of these parasitic plants in this area are conducted. Three parasitic plants species, such as Cuscuta australis, Scurrula parasitica, and Dendrophthoe pentandra are recorded and they attack 7 other plants species in ITB Ganesha. S. parasitica is reported as the highest population species to parasiting 5 plants species, while C. australis only parasiting 3 plants species and D. pendantra is parasiting 4 plants.

Anatomy and ultrastructure of haustoria in selected West Australian parasitic angiosperms

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 690-691
Author(s):  
John Kuo ◽  
John S. Pate
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Plants ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nutrient Transfer ◽  
Direct Solution ◽  
Tracheary Elements ◽  
Solute Transfer ◽  
Glycol Methacrylate ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Anatomy And Ultrastructure ◽  
Solution Transfer

Our understanding of nutrient transfer between host and flowering parasitic plants is usually based mainly on physiological concepts, with little information on haustorial structure related to function. The aim of this paper is to study the haustorial interface and possible pathways of water and solute transfer between a number of host and parasites.Haustorial tissues were fixed in glutaraldehyde and embedded in glycol methacrylate (LM), or fixed in glutaraldehyde then OsO4 and embedded in Spurr’s resin (TEM).Our study shows that lumen to lumen continuity occurs between tracheary elements of a host and four S.W. Australian species of aerial mistletoes (Fig. 1), and some root hemiparasites (Exocarpos spp. and Anthobolus foveolatus) (Fig. 2). On the other hand, haustorial interfaces of the root hemiparasites Olax phyllanthi and Santalum (2 species) are comprised mainly of parenchyma, as opposed to terminating tracheads or vessels, implying that direct solution transfer between partners via vessels or tracheary elements may be limited (Fig. 3).

Evaluation of caridean ecological distribution in the Ubatuba region, southeastern Brazilian coast using unsupervised machine learning technique

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Oliveira Marques ◽  
Aline Nonato Sousa ◽  
Veronica Pereira Bernardes ◽  
Camila Hipolito Bernardo ◽  
Danielle Monique Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Brazilian Coast ◽  
Ecological Distribution ◽  
Machine Learning Technique ◽  
Unsupervised Machine Learning ◽  
Learning Technique

scholarly journals Enhancement of Xanthophyll Synthesis in Porphyra/Pyropia Species (Rhodophyta, Bangiales) by Controlled Abiotic Factors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 221
Author(s):  
Florentina Piña ◽  
Loretto Contreras-Porcia
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Red Alga ◽  
Ecological Distribution ◽  
Total Carotenoids ◽  
Carotenoid Profile ◽  
Maximum Content

Red alga species belonging to the Porphyra and Pyropia genera (commonly known as Nori), which are widely consumed and commercialized due to their high nutritional value. These species have a carotenoid profile dominated by xanthophylls, mostly lutein and zeaxanthin, which have relevant benefits for human health. The effects of different abiotic factors on xanthophyll synthesis in these species have been scarcely studied, despite their health benefits. The objectives of this study were (i) to identify the abiotic factors that enhance the synthesis of xanthophylls in Porphyra/Pyropia species by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of the xanthophyll content found in the literature, and (ii) to recommend a culture method that would allow a significant accumulation of these compounds in the biomass of these species. The results show that salinity significantly affected the content of total carotenoids and led to higher values under hypersaline conditions (70,247.91 µg/g dm at 55 psu). For lutein and zeaxanthin, the wavelength treatment caused significant differences between the basal and maximum content (4.16–23.47 µg/g dm). Additionally, in Pyropia spp., the total carotenoids were considerably higher than in Porphyra spp.; however, the lutein and zeaxanthin contents were lower. We discuss the specific conditions for each treatment and the relation to the ecological distribution of these species.

scholarly journals Search for Resistant Genotypes to Cuscuta campestris Infection in Two Legume Species, Vicia sativa and Vicia ervilia

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 738
Author(s):  
Eva María Córdoba ◽  
Mónica Fernández-Aparicio ◽  
Clara Isabel González-Verdejo ◽  
Carmela López-Grau ◽  
María del Valle Muñoz-Muñoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Parasitic Plants ◽  
Vicia Sativa ◽  
Common Vetch ◽  
Germplasm Collections ◽  
Bitter Vetch ◽  
Cuscuta Campestris ◽  
Resistant Genotypes

The dodders (Cuscuta spp.) are parasitic plants that feed on the stems of their host plants. Cuscuta campestris is one of the most damaging parasitic plants for the worldwide agricultural production of broad-leaved crops. Its control is limited or non-existent, therefore resistance breeding is the best alternative both economically and environmentally. Common vetch (Vicia sativa) and bitter vetch (Vicia ervilia) are highly susceptible to C. campestris, but no resistant genotypes have been identified. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify in V. sativa and V.ervilia germplasm collections genotypes resistant to C. campestris infection for use in combating this parasitic plant. Three greenhouse screening were conducted to: (1) identify resistant responses in a collection of 154 accessions of bitter vetch and a collection of 135 accessions of common vetch genotypes against infection of C. campestris; (2) confirm the resistant response identified in common vetch accessions; and (3) characterize the effect of C. campestris infection on biomass of V. sativa resistant and susceptible accessions. Most common vetch and bitter vetch genotypes tested were susceptible to C. campestris. However, the V. sativa genotype Vs.1 exhibited high resistance. The resistant phenotype was characterized by a delay in the development of C. campestris posthaustorial growth and a darkening resembling a hypersensitive-like response at the penetration site. The resistant mechanism was effective in limiting the growth of C. campestris as the ratio of parasite/host shoot dry biomass was more significantly reduced than the rest of the accessions. To the best or our knowledge, this is the first identification of Cuscuta resistance in V. sativa genotypes.

scholarly journals A systematic revision of Capparaceae and Cleomaceae in Egypt: an evaluation of the generic delimitations of Capparis and Cleome using ecological and genetic diversity

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Abd. S. El zayat ◽  
Mahmoud El Sayd Ali ◽  
Mohamed Hamdy Amar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Diversity Analysis ◽  
Polymorphic Markers ◽  
Ecological Distribution ◽  
Specific Group ◽  
Systematic Revision ◽  
Dna Evidence ◽  
The Family

Abstract Background The Capparaceae family is commonly recognized as a caper, while Cleomaceae represents one of small flowering family within the order Brassicales. Earlier, Cleomaceae was included in the family Capparaceae; then, it was moved to a distinct family after DNA evidence. Variation in habits and a bewildering array of floral and fruit forms contributed to making Capparaceae a “trash-basket” family in which many unrelated plants were placed. Indeed, family Capparaceae and Cleomaceae are in clear need of more detailed systematic revision. Results Here, in the present study, the morphological characteristics and the ecological distribution as well as the genetic diversity analysis among the twelve species of both Capparaceae and Cleomaceae have been determined. The genetic analysis has been checked using 15 ISSR, 30 SRAP, and 18 ISTR to assess the systematic knots between the two families. In order to detect the molecular phylogeny, a comparative analysis of the three markers was performed based on the exposure of discriminating capacity, efficiency, and phylogenetic heatmap. Our results indicated that there is a morphological and ecological variation between the two families. Moreover, the molecular analysis confirmed that ISTR followed by SRAP markers has superior discriminating capacity for describing the genetic diversity and is able to simultaneously distinguish many polymorphic markers per reaction. Indeed, both the PCA and HCA data have drawn a successful annotation relationship in Capparaceae and Cleome species to evaluate whether the specific group sort individual or overlap groups. Conclusion The outcomes of the morphological and ecological characterization along with the genetic diversity indicated an insight solution thorny interspecies in Cleome and Gynandropsis genera as a distinct family (Cleomaceae) and the other genera (Capparis, Cadaba, Boscia, and Maerua) as Capparaceae. Finally, we recommended further studies to elucidate the systematic position of Dipterygium glaucum.

Ecology and geography of hybridisation in British and Irish horsetails

1985 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 265-272
Author(s):  
C. N. Page ◽  
Marian A. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Distribution ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Competing Species ◽  
Relative Paucity ◽  
Oceanic Climate ◽  
Glacial Time

SynopsisHybridisation in Equisetum in Britain and Ireland is examined in respect of the exceptional numbers of hybrids present, their geographic and ecological distribution, their formation and subsequent spread.It is concluded that the moist oceanic climate and relative paucity of competing species in the British and Irish floras in post-glacial time have created uniquely favourable conditions for the formation and subsequent success of hybrid horsetails, promoting both the short-term persistence of weaker hybrids, and the extremly long-term persistence of others.The taxonomic inter-relations of parental combinations which have formed ecologically successful hybrids are discussed.

scholarly journals Ecological Distribution of Cyclemys oldhamii (Gray, 1863) from Nepal

Our Nature ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalu Ram Rai
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Loss ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Flood Plain ◽  
Southern Slope ◽  
Ecological Distribution ◽  
Eupatorium Adenophorum ◽  
Adult Specimen ◽  
Juvenile Specimen ◽  
River Valleys ◽  
Ecological Habitats

Tangting River originates from southern slope of Murtidanda of Mahabharat range and forms a very narrow v-shaped agriculturally fertile valley in lower parts of Chure hills. It has three main tributaries merging from east and west. Water is clear with rocky bed and margin is covered with thick bushes of semi-shrubs (Eupatorium adenophorum). During the herpetological survey, a live juvenile specimen of Cyclemys oldhamii (Gray, 1983) was collected from the periphery of Banmare Khola, an eastern tributory of the river. It was found hiding in the paddy field in the flood plain of Tangting river (280 m), and another adult specimen was collected from Dhobi Khola (450 m), a western tributory of the river. Empty shells were also collected from Garuwa and Mai valleys, respectively. Tangting and Garuwa river valleys are the favourable habitats for Cyclemys oldhamii. The main reason of discontinued distribution is habitat loss by deforestation. Key words: Cyclemys, Morphology, Ecological habitats, Distributiondoi:10.3126/on.v2i1.317Our Nature (2004) 2: 7-12

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