Commentary: Ginkgo Biloba for Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer 's disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Abstract Background and Objectives Cognitive training delivered in conjunction with physical activity, may help to optimize aging and delay or prevent dementia in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, their efficacy is less well studied compared to pharmaceutical treatments. This systematic review synthesizes the emerging evidence on combined cognitive-physical interventions for enhancing functioning in older adults with MCI, with implications for practice and research. Research Design and Methods We searched the PubMed, PsycINFO, Ageline, Medline, Web of Science and ProQuest databases, and hand-searched articles published between July 2013 and November 2018. Only randomized controlled trials which incorporated cognitive and physical components targeted to individuals with MCI over the age of 50 were eligible. Our search yielded 10 eligible, independent articles. Results Intervention participants with MCI self-reported, or demonstrated, improved functioning across a range of cognitive (global cognitive function, executive function, processing speed, memory, attention, mood, emotion, motivation, brain cortex, orientation), and physical (gait, balance, mobility) outcomes. Interventions which combined cognitive-physical training were comparable to those which isolated these same elements, in terms of their effects on executive function, processing speed, attention, mood, and cardiorespiratory fitness. Discussion and Implications There is preliminary evidence to support the positive effects of multicomponent interventions to improve cognitive-motor abilities in older adults at risk of developing dementia. The strength of this research evidence is, however, limited. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether these effects are maintained over time. The optimal intervention intensity and length also need to be established.

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Cognitive rehabilitation interventions after stroke: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Systematic Reviews ◽

10.1186/s13643-021-01607-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Qing Zhao ◽

Xue Wang ◽

Tao Wang ◽

Adam A. Dmytriw ◽

Xiao Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Post Stroke ◽

Randomized Controlled

Abstract Background Stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and 53.4% of stroke survivors suffer from post-stroke cognitive impairment. Post-stroke cognitive impairment can increase hospitalization rate and cost of care and decrease the quality of life of stroke patients. To date, multiple cognitive rehabilitation interventions have been tested in stroke populations with post-stroke cognitive impairment. However, the most efficacious intervention has not been established. This systematic review aims to compare the efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation interventions for patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment. Methods We will search MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, PsycINFO, CINAHL, PubMed, and clinical trial registries to identify eligible randomized clinical trials with no restrictions in the date of publication and language. Studies conducted with patients aged 18 or over, with the presence of cognitive impairment after being diagnosed with stroke will be included. Studies will be restricted to randomized controlled trials comparing a cognitive rehabilitation intervention with another intervention. The primary outcome is any clinical changes in the general or specific cognitive domain (e.g., executive function, attention, memory, or perception). The secondary outcomes that will be collected include adverse effects (e.g., stroke, disability, or mortality) and quality of life. Two independent reviewers will assess articles to identify trials eligible for inclusion. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment of the included studies will also be done independently. Any discrepancies will be solved by discussion, or a third reviewer will be consulted if necessary. A meta-analysis will be carried out if appropriate. Discussion This systematic review for patients with post-stroke cognitive impairment will assess the efficacy of cognitive rehabilitation interventions. And our results will help clinical decision-making and support the development of clinical practice guidelines. Trial registration Systematic review registration: PROSPERO CRD42020173988

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Folic acid supplementation improves cognitive function: a systematic review

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20203517 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

I Putu Eka Widyadharma ◽

Eric Hartono Tedyanto ◽

Anak Agung Ayu Putri Laksmidewi ◽

I Made Oka Adnyana ◽

Dewa Putu Gede Purwa Samatra

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Folic Acid ◽

Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Folic Acid Supplementation ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Acid Supplementation ◽

Randomized Controlled

The most common type of dementia is Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD is characterized by loss of memory and cognitive impairment. In epidemiological studies, low folate could disturb vitamin B12 absorption, which leads to the inflammatory process, and it explains the association between both vitamins and AD. Authors did a systematic search through PubMed and Embase according to the PRISMA protocol. Authors included studies published in the last 5 years (from 2015 to June 2020). Authors assess the quality of studies using JADAD Scale for randomized-controlled trials. Authors found 426 journals in their search strategy. In the end, 2 studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in this review. These two randomized controlled trials revealed that folic acid improved cognitive function in AD (p<0.05) and mild cognitive impairment (p=0.028). In this systematic review, authors found that daily folic acid supplements could improve cognitive function in patients with AD and mild cognitive impairment. The exact mechanism is unknown, but it is believed that folic acid supplementation improves cognitive function by reducing the levels of peripheral inflammatory cytokines. Daily oral folic acid supplemental (400 µg and 1.2 mg) for 6-12 months improves cognitive function in AD and mild cognitive Impairment.

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