Investigating the effects of red mud and GGBFS industrial waste on the compression strength of high-performance green concretes

Industrialization is the key to the growth of any country’s economy. However, on the other hand, the production of industrial waste is increasing enormously, which adversely impacts the environment and natural resources. Red mud is also a widespread industrial waste produced during aluminium extraction from bauxite ore in Bayer’s process. Red mud is a highly alkaline material that creates a massive environmental threat in nature. To reduce the impact of this solid waste material, the ideal method is to use it in construction works with appropriate stabilization. This study envisages the strength properties of red mud with fly ash and cement to use it as a road construction material in the subgrade. The influence of fly ash and cement on improving the strength properties of red mud was studied in detail by replacing red mud with 10%, 20%, and 30% with fly ash and 1%, 3%, and 5% of cement to its dry weight. The CBR (California bearing ratio) value was increased from 1.58% to 11.6% by stabilizing red mud with fly ash and cement, which can be used as a road construction material. The UCS (unconfined compressive strength) of red mud was increased from 825 kPa to 2340 kPa upon curing for 28 days with the right mix of fly ash and cement. Along with the strength properties, the chemical analysis of leachate for the best suitable mix was performed according to the TCLP method to understand the hazardous materials present in the red mud when it is injected as ground material. Both strength properties and the leachate characteristics prove that the red mud with suitable fly ash and cement is an excellent material in road constructions.

Download Full-text

Sustainable Composite Materials with Industrial Waste Red Mud – An Overview

New Technologies, Development and Application IV - Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems ◽

10.1007/978-3-030-75275-0_117 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1063-1068

Author(s):

Marko Ćećez ◽

Merima Šahinagić – Isović ◽

Fuad Ćatović

Keyword(s):

Composite Materials ◽

Red Mud ◽

Industrial Waste

Download Full-text

Recycled Plastic and Cork Waste for Structural Lightweight Concrete Production

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11071876 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1876 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Carlos Parra ◽

Eva M. Sánchez ◽

Isabel Miñano ◽

Francisco Benito ◽

Pilar Hidalgo

Keyword(s):

Compression Strength ◽

High Performance ◽

Lightweight Concrete ◽

Chloride Ion ◽

Total Porosity ◽

Lightweight Aggregates ◽

Chloride Ion Penetration ◽

Concrete Production ◽

Risk Areas ◽

Strength And Durability

The use of waste materials as lightweight aggregates in concrete is highly recommended in seismic risk areas and environmentally recommended. However, reaching the strength needed for the concrete to be used structurally may be challenging. In this study four dosages were assayed: the first two-specimen had high cement content (550 and 700 kg/m3 respectively), Nanosilica, fly ash and superplasticizer. These samples were high performance, reaching a strength of 100MPa at 90 days. The other two mixtures were identical but replaced 48% of the aggregates with recycled lightweight aggregates (30% polypropylene, 18.5% cork). To estimate its strength and durability the mixtures were subjected to several tests. Compression strength, elasticity modulus, mercury intrusion porosimetry, carbonation, attack by chlorides, and penetration of water under pressure were analyzed. The compression strength and density of the lightweight mixtures were reduced 68% and 19% respectively; nonetheless, both retained valid levels for structural use (over 30MPa at 90 days). Results, such as the total porosity between 9.83% and 17.75% or the chloride ion penetration between 8.6 and 5.9mm, suggest that the durability of these concretes, including the lightweight ones, is bound to be very high thanks to a very low porosity and high resistance to chemical attacks.

Download Full-text

A critical review on tribological properties, thermal behavior, and different applications of industrial waste reinforcement for composites

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Part L Journal of Materials Design and Applications ◽

10.1177/1464420720972434 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 146442072097243 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Swati Gangwar ◽

Vimal Kumar Pathak

Keyword(s):

Fly Ash ◽

Red Mud ◽

Industrial Waste ◽

Hybrid Composites ◽

Industrial Wastes ◽

Reinforced Composites ◽

Manufacturing Costs ◽

Comprehensive Review ◽

Marble Dust ◽

Future Potential

Industrial wastes such as marble dust, fly ash, and red mud have progressed as an environmental hazard that needs to be disposed or utilized for minimizing the ecological pollution problems and manufacturing costs. Over the years, there is an increasing interest among researchers in utilizing these industrial wastes as reinforcement for developing economic and lightweight monolithic or hybrid composites. In the same context, this paper presents a comprehensive review on the aspects of tribology and thermal performance of industrial waste such as marble dust, fly ash, and red mud as reinforcement for different monolithic and hybrid composites. The review also describes different applications for industrial waste material reinforced composites. Finally, the paper concludes with authors’ perspective of the review, conclusion summary, and future potential of industrial waste filled composites in different industries for obtaining a sustainable and cleaner environment.

Download Full-text