scholarly journals Chronic osteomyelitis as a complication from mycobacteriosis after breast implant

Mastology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Suppl 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Portela Melo ◽  
Luiza Guimaraes de Magdalena ◽  
Marcelo Wainberg Jeffman ◽  
Murilo de Lima Brazan ◽  
Jose Antonio Crespo Cavalheiro
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Chronic Osteomyelitis ◽  
Breast Implant ◽  
Breast Implants ◽  
Surgical Instruments ◽  
Augmentation Mammoplasty ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Bacteriological Test ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Infection is one of the most feared complications in surgeries with the inclusion of breast implants, associated with the need for new procedures and aesthetic compromise. The agents that are most associated with this conditions are the ones that colonize the skin, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Coagulase-negative staphylococci. Case Report: We described the case of a 25-year old patient, who came to our service after an augmentation mammoplasty performed about 60 days before in a hospital in the countryside. She reported bilateral seroma and extrusion of the right breast implant on the 14th postoperative day, being submitted to antibiotic therapy and a new procedure for site review, with the placement of new implants, bilaterally. When she came to our service, on the 45th day after the exchange of implants, she presented with pain, fever, hyperemia and drainage of the purulent secretion in the operative wounds with extrusion of the implants. In the transoperative period, after the changes were identified, on the 3rd, 4th and 5th costal arches to the right, suggestive of osteomyelitis, associated with partial necrosis of the intercostal muscles and pectoralis minor. The bacteriological test of the periprosthetic secretion was bilaterally positive for mycobacteruim abscessus, and the anatomopathological study of the right costal arch biopsy was compatible with chronic osteomyelitis. The patient presented favorable clinical evolution after the removal of the implants and antibiotic therapy. Discussion: Mycobacteria are opportunistic organisms, which hardly cause diseases in human beings. Despite being uncommon, the infection of breast implants by mycobacteria can be associated with the contamination of surgical instruments and immunosuppression of the host. The infection can be similar to those caused by more common agents. In many cases, it presents with the later onset of symptoms. Prophylaxis and antisepsis, including special care regarding the protocols of sterilization of surgical instruments, are still the main factors associated with the impact of this type of complication in surgeries with breast implants.

scholarly journals The Impact Of Environmental Degradation On Human Health And Its Relevance To The Right To Health Under International Law

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 485
Author(s):  
Maryam Ishaku Gwangndi ◽  
Yahaya Abubakar Muhammad ◽  
Sule Musa Tagi
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Right To Health ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Many Sources ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

When natural habitats are destroyed or natural resources are depleted the environment is degraded. Environmental degradation results from factors such as urbanisation, population growth, intensification of agriculture, rising energy use and transportation, climate change, pollutions arising from many sources such as technological activities. It is explored that as a result of the dynamic interplay of socio-economic factors and technological activities amongst many other factors, these have devastating consequences on human health. Thus environmental degradation consequences affect the health and the right to health of the people. Using the doctrinal method of research, we examine the confluence of environmental degradation and health from a rights perspective. An unhealthy environment possess health hazards consequently a violation of the right to health. The article recommends that states’ obligation under international law to protect the right to health should be enforceable. Human beings are entitled to right to health even as the environment needs to be protected from activities which cause environmental degradation.

scholarly journals Attachment distribution of pectoral muscle origins identified in dual-plane breast implant insertion

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-164
Author(s):  
Su Bong Nam ◽  
Kyung Ho Song ◽  
Jung Yeol Seo ◽  
June Seok Choi ◽  
Tae Seo Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Reconstruction ◽  
Breast Implant ◽  
Pectoralis Major Muscle ◽  
Pectoral Muscle ◽  
Augmentation Mammoplasty ◽  
Dual Plane ◽  
Reconstruction Surgery ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
The Right

Background Implant-based dual-plane augmentation mammoplasty requires accurate separation of the pectoralis major muscle (PMM) at its origins. The authors identified the PMM origins during breast reconstruction surgery with the goal of providing additional information on subpectoral implant insertion for reconstructive or aesthetic purposes.Methods This study was conducted on 67 patients who underwent breast reconstruction surgery at the breast center of our hospital between November 2016 and June 2018. In total, 34 left and 39 right hemithoraces were examined. The left and right hemithoraces were each divided into 15 zones to determine the percentage of PMM attachments in each zone. The distribution of PMM origins in each zone was examined to identify any statistically significant differences.Results There were no statistically significant differences in the origins of the PMM between the right and left hemithoraces. The percentage of attachments increased moving from the fourth to the sixth rib and from the lateral to the medial aspect.Conclusions The anatomical findings of this study could be used as a reference for accurate dissection of the origins of the PMM for the preparation of the subpectoral pocket for subpectoral implant placement.

scholarly journals The impact of Allergan implant-related issues on patients with breast implants for reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 132-138
Author(s):  
Ji Min Kim ◽  
Woo Jin Song ◽  
Hyun Gyo Jeong ◽  
Sang Gue Kang
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Breast Implant ◽  
Breast Implants ◽  
Text Messages ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Prophylactic Surgery ◽  
Outpatient Visits ◽  
First Case ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Background In August 2019, the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety and the Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons confirmed the first case report of breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) in Korea and provided recommendations. This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of the first case report of BIA-ALCL on patients and whether the impact could be mitigated through expert recommendations.Methods A retrospective chart review was performed of patients who underwent implant-based breast reconstruction using Biocell textured breast implants at Soonchunhyang University Hospital. After the first case report of BIA-ALCL and informing the patients via text messages, the pattern of outpatient visits and the proportion and indications of outpatient office visitors who received reoperations were analyzed.Results After the first BIA-ALCL case report in Korea, 12 patients underwent reoperations due to other complications identified incidentally, while only three patients underwent prophylactic surgery. Among the patients who underwent reoperation after the Allergan issues, 76.7% received implant exchange. There was no significant difference in the proportion of reoperation types before and after the Allergan issues and the transmission of text messages (P=0.700).Conclusions Despite the major issues, outpatients were managed successfully according to our recommendations. The study found a low rate of regular outpatient visits; however, our efforts increased this rate. Therefore, methods for appropriate information delivery are needed for outpatient visits, as well as a system for regular monitoring. As experts, plastic surgeons should provide responsible leadership in this situation to relieve patients’ concerns.

scholarly journals Establishment and Characterization of Bacterial Infection of Breast Implants in a Murine Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 516-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer N Walker ◽  
Louis H Poppler ◽  
Chloe L Pinkner ◽  
Scott J Hultgren ◽  
Terence M Myckatyn
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Breast Implant ◽  
Breast Implants ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Implant Surface ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Post Implantation

Abstract Background Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are the most common causes of Gram-positive and Gram-negative breast implant–associated infection. Little is known about how these bacteria infect breast implants as a function of implant surface characteristics and timing of infection. Objectives The aim of this work was to establish a mouse model for studying the impact of various conditions on breast implant infection. Methods Ninety-one mice were implanted with 273 breast implant shells and infected with S. epidermidis or P. aeruginosa. Smooth, microtextured, and macrotextured breast implant shells were implanted in each mouse. Bacterial inoculation occurred during implantation or 1 day later. Implants were retrieved 1 or 7 days later. Explanted breast implant shells were sonicated, cultured, and colony-forming units determined or analyzed with scanning electron microscopy. Results P. aeruginosa could be detected on all device surfaces at 1- and 7- days post infection (dpi), when mice were implanted and infected concurrently or when they were infected 1- day after implantation. However, P. aeruginosa infection was more robust on implant shells retrieved at 7 dpi and particularly on the macrotextured devices that were infected 1 day post implantation. S. epidermidis was mostly cleared from implants when mice were infected and implanted concurrently. Other the other hand, S. epidermidis could be detected on all device surfaces at 1 dpi and 2 days post implantation. However, S. epidermdis infection was suppressed by 7 dpi and 8 days post implantation. Conclusions S. epidermidis required higher inoculating doses to cause infection and was cleared within 7 days. P. aeruginosa infected at lower inoculating doses, with robust biofilms noted 7 days later.

The Right to Food and the Planetary Boundaries Framework

2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-24
Author(s):  
Wiebina Heesterman
Keyword(s):  
Human Beings ◽  
Planetary Boundaries ◽  
Right To Food ◽  
Cultural Rights ◽  
Natural Processes ◽  
Operating Space ◽  
Legal Entitlement ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Safe Operating

The ‘Right to Food’ is a legal entitlement owed to all human beings established in international law more than half a century ago. Fulfilment of the right has been entrusted to states parties to the 1966 International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR). However, in practice, the right is often breached because of hostility or indifference from individuals or institutions refusing access to provisions, or because of vicissitudes of nature. Adverse impacts due to human interference in natural processes are increasingly noticeable in the area of food production. These processes have been classified into nine distinct categories, all of which need be kept within certain margins, so-called ‘Planetary Boundaries’, which delineate a safe operating space for humanity. This paper discusses the impact each of these human-induced developments has on the provision of food as well as the other way round and what the consequences would be if the boundaries were exceeded. Yet there are means of keeping the worst consequences of most of these processes at bay. The paper explores some of these.

scholarly journals Breast erythema and nodular skin metastasis as the first manifestation of breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma

Rare Tumors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 203636132110284
Author(s):  
Noellie Ducastel ◽  
Ioana-Mariana Cimpean ◽  
Ivan Theate ◽  
Olivier Vanhooteghem
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocyte ◽  
Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Breast Implant ◽  
Breast Implants ◽  
Large Cell ◽  
First Case ◽  
Nodular Lesions ◽  
Large Cell Lymphoma ◽  
The Right

Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) associated with rough textured breast implants was first reported in 1997. It is a non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma originating from a T lymphocyte which occurs on average 10.9 years after placement of the breast implant. BIA-ALCL mainly manifests as a periprosthetic seroma or a mass adjacent to the implant. To our knowledge, we describe the first case of BIA-ALCL with initial presentation by indurate erythematous plates located in both breasts and the progressive appearance of several asymptomatic metastatic nodular lesions that have been appearing on the right arm some weeks later.

scholarly journals Breast Implant Surgery in Bangladesh: An Experience of 126 cases

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-13
Author(s):  
SA Siddiky ◽  
F Quader ◽  
MH Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Breast Implant ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Breast Implants ◽  
Silicone Implant ◽  
Augmentation Mammoplasty ◽  
Common Procedure ◽  
Implant Surgery ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Surgical Operations

Augmentation mammoplasty is one of the common plastic surgical operations in the western countries. The procedure  has received particular attention among patients with hypo-plastic breasts. The first silicone breast implant was  performed in 1963 by Cronin and Gerow, and at present more than 250,000 breast implants are done every year in the USA alone. Due to skepticism and ignorance this surgery took a very long time to become popular in Bangladesh. We started breast implant surgery in Bangladesh in September 2001. Since then it gradually became popular and is now a rather common procedure in our centre. In spite of our conservative culture and religious taboos, women in  Bangladesh are no longer lagging behind in deriving the benefit of this wonderful procedure.  The study was done at a private hospital from September 2001 to September 2008. A total of 126 cases were done, 125 being females and 1 male. Complications were minimal and the overall results very encouraging. The result of  the present work evidenced that silicone breast implants can boost confidence by alleviating depression in women  of different age groups with hypoplastic breasts. Research studies have further revealed that silicone implant does not impair lactation. Key words: Silicone implant; augmentation mammoplasty DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bdjps.v1i2.8799 BDJPS 2010; 1(2): 10-13

scholarly journals The Debate Over Euthanasia and Human Rights

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irena Shala ◽  
Kilda Gusha
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Assisted Suicide ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Voluntary Euthanasia ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Religious Dimensions ◽  
Human Rights Norms ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

The present article analyzes the debate on issue of euthanasia (voluntary assisted suicide) and the relevance of international human rights norms to that debate. Euthanasia is one of the most complex issues facing human rights, especially given its ethical, legal, medical and religious dimensions. These include: modern medical technology and the availability of medical measures to prolong life; In historical terms inherit challenging laws by refusing euthanasia; The phenomenon of growing older population and the large the number of people affected by AIDS; And fall the impact of religious organizations that consider life to be sacred: terminating a life, for whatever reason, not only infringes religious beliefs but may transgress divine activities beyond the reach of human beings. Justice system is an essential player in the debate. Although euthanasia is generally unlawful, there is an increasing movement towards legalization, particularly in western jurisdictions. Serious political and legal actions taken by euthanasia advocates and their lawyers have brought assisted suicide to the brink of legal assistance. In fact, legislation allowing voluntary euthanasia has been passed in a small number of jurisdictions, and domestic courts in other countries are being repeatedly asked to consider whether the interests at stake with regard to the right to die should be recognized. Die due to euthanasia in Albania is a criminal offense which is considered a violation of the right to live and punished according to the Criminal Code. But in the Code of Ethics and Deontology of the Order of Physicians, there is a provision, which allows the application of a form of interference, which can be interpreted in as passive euthanasia. And this decision remains entirely to the discretion of the physician.

scholarly journals Application of silicone implants in mammoplasty (literature survey)

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dj. A. Khodjamurodova ◽  
M. S. Saidov ◽  
G. М. Khodjamuradov
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Surgical Approach ◽  
Breast Implant ◽  
Breast Implants ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Silicone Implants ◽  
Augmentation Mammoplasty ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

In the article literature data concerning indications to placement of silicone breast implants in plastic surgery are presented. Peculiarities of preoperative preparation of patients aimed at prevention of postoperative complications are considered. The technique of surgical intervention, advantages and disadvantages of different methods are described. Difference in choice of surgical approach and positioning of implant relative to mammary gland are considered. Recommendations are given on selection of the type of implant, on determination of the volume of supposed silicone breast-implant prostheses, and also on the choice of optimal access for their insertion. The early and long-term complications and measures proposed by the authors for their elimination are studied. According to different studies, the commonest complication of the augmentation mammoplasty is contracture of the fibrous capsule surrounding the implant that requires surgical correction. One of main complications of all kinds of augmentation mammoplasty is secondary ptosis of mammary gland. A common complication of the augmentation mammoplasty is incorrect position of implants such as their asymmetry and location on different levels. In case of tubular breast a double inframammary fold may result unless tubularity of areola is corrected. Authors think that a significant number of unsolved problems concerning augmentation mammoplasty, optimal surgical approach, existence of the immediate and long-term complications are reasons for further study of augmentation mammoplasty. Increased dissatisfaction of patients with long-term results of augmentation mammoplasty, necessity to prevent such complication as fibrous contracture, create an urgent need for search of new methods. Thus, application of silicone implants in augmentation mammoplasty requires further study with the aim of optimization of the final aesthetic and clinical result.

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