scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (04) ◽  
pp. 378-382
Author(s):  
Tajammal Abbas Shah
Keyword(s):  
Blunt Trauma ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Surgical Units ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Study Results ◽  
One Year ◽  
Surgical Unit

To see the percentage, the different groups affected and pattern of injury by roadtraffic accidents among patients attending a unit of surgery in a teaching hospital. Objectives: Tosee the percentage of trauma among patients admitted in one surgical unit of a tertiary hospitalin one year and to compare this with the patients admitted in all surgical units of same tertiaryunit. To evaluate the pattern of trauma, male to female ratio, affected age groups, mechanismof injury, the organs affected, and the mortality rate in one surgical unit of a tertiary hospital of3rd most populated city of Pakistan during one year. Study Design: Prospective study. Setting:Surgical Unit II at Allied Hospital Faisalabad. Period: January 2009 to February 2010. Materialsand Methods: Patients admitted during this period for road traffic accidents in surgical unit IIof Allied Hospital Faisalabad were 94 (4.8 %) out of total 1956 patients presented and admittedin surgical unit II during this year. Total number of patients admitted in all surgical units of thishospital were 7388 while 21,400, patients received and admitted by all other specialties throughemergency units of Allied Hospital Faisalabad. Patients with road traffic accidents admitted insurgical unit II through emergency unit of this hospital were part of this study. Among these94 patients 78 patients (82.97%) were adults and 18 children (19.14%). Patients with all otheremergencies modalities and minor injuries treated and discharged from emergency wereexcluded from this study. Results: Out of 1956 patients admitted in Surgical Unit II from total 7388of all surgical admissions and 21400 all emergencies ward patients, 94 patients (4.8%, 1.27%,and 0.439% respectively) were injured by road traffic accidents. Out of these 94 patients, 78patients (82.97%) were adults and 18 children (19.14%) patients. 58 patients (61.70%) were malesand 36 patients (38.29%) were females. 43 patients (45.74%) were pedestrians, 10 patients were(10.63%) on bicycles, 26 patients were (27.65%) on motorcycle while 15 patients (15.95%) werein other vehicles. 52 patients (55.31%) developed head injuries, 10 patients (10.93%) blunt traumaabdomen, 5 patients (5.31%) blunt trauma chest and 26 patients (27.65%) skeletal injuries ( 10patients forearm bones fracture, 6 patients with fracture mid-shaft of tibia, another 5 patients withfracture lower 1/3rd of femur and 5 patients with hand bones fracture ). All patients were treated bycombined specialty trauma surgeons. 3 patients (3.19%) died out of which 2 patients (2.12%) withsevere head trauma and one pedestrian (1.06%) with blunt trauma abdomen and lower chest. Allother patients survived and recovered with some morbidity. Conclusion: Road traffic trauma isone of major dilemma of our society. 94 road traffic accidents causalities were admitted duringone year in one surgical unit of a tertiary care center and 3 patients died. It is an alarming signto properly protect people, educate general population, employ dedicated road safety staff andfollow rules and regulation of traffic authorities.

scholarly journals Delayed presentation of a patient with a ruptured diaphragm complicated by gastric incarceration and perforation after apparently minor blunt trauma

CJEM ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (04) ◽  
pp. 277-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian K.P. Goh ◽  
Andrew S.Y. Wong ◽  
Khoon-Hean Tay ◽  
Michael N.Y. Hoe
Keyword(s):  
Blunt Trauma ◽  
Nasogastric Tube ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Major Trauma ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Delayed Presentation ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Gastric Incarceration ◽  
Repeat Imaging ◽  
Ruptured Diaphragm

ABSTRACTRupture of the diaphragm is almost always due to major trauma and is most commonly associated with road-traffic accidents. We report a case of delayed presentation of a 35-year-old woman with a ruptured diaphragm, 11 days following apparent minor blunt trauma. This case illustrates how the diagnosis of ruptured diaphragm can be missed and demonstrates the importance of considering this diagnosis in all cases of blunt trauma to the trunk. It also demonstrates the potential pitfall of misinterpreting the chest radiograph, and the value of repeat imaging after insertion of a nasogastric tube.

scholarly journals Solid organ injury in blunt trauma abdomen: an etiological evaluation and success rate of non-operative management

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1350
Author(s):  
Ramachandra M. L. ◽  
Krishna S. R.
Keyword(s):  
Blunt Trauma ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Operative Management ◽  
Abdominal Injury ◽  
Organ Injury ◽  
Free Fluid ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Non Operative Management

Background: Trauma remains the most common cause of death for all individuals between the ages of 1 and 44 years. 10% of these fatalities are attributable to abdominal injury. The Indian fatality rates for trauma are 20 times that for developed countries. The management of patients with blunt abdominal injury has evolved greatly over the last few decades from complete surgical management historically to present non operative management in most of the cases. In view of increasing number of road traffic accidents, rampant increase in construction work, accidental fall from height, this study is conducted to look into the causes of such incidents and also to strengthen the already established rules of non operative management in cases of blunt trauma abdomen.Methods: This is a prospective study of 53 patients who presented to K. R. Hospital, Mysuru, Karnataka, for management of blunt trauma abdomen over the period of January 2016 to June 2017. Unstable patients with initial resuscitation underwent Focused Assessment Sonography for Trauma. Failed resuscitation with free fluid in abdomen confirmed by FAST immediately shifted to operation theatre for laparotomy and proceed. Hemodynamically stable patients underwent computerized tomography of abdomen. Organ injuries were scaled according to the American Association for the Surgery of Trauma and these patients were managed conservatively after ruling out hollow viscus perforation.Results: Majority of the patients belonged to male sex (85%) and of the age group 21-40 years constituting 58.3% of patients. Road traffic accident was the most common mode of injury which included 35 patients (66%). A total of 19 cases had splenic injury out of which 13 (68.5%) underwent non operative management and 6 (31%) underwent emergency Splenectomy. liver injury was present in 15 patients and all were managed conservatively. In total non operative management was done in 73.5% of cases and surgical management was done in 26.5% of cases.Conclusions: The presence of free fluid with organ injury always does not mandate laparotomy. Patient selection, early diagnosis and repeated clinical examination and use of appropriate investigations forms the key in non operative management of blunt trauma abdomen. RTA being the most common mode of injury, adequate measures should be taken to prevent road traffic accidents by strict action and traffic norms and citizen education.

scholarly journals Road traffic accidents in Polonnaruwa District: analysis of patients admitted to a surgical unit

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
W. A. K. Weerawardena ◽  
T. G. L. H. M. Thennegadara ◽  
H. G. V. Priyantha ◽  
P. A. C. G. S. Chandrasiri ◽  
W. S. I. Disanayaka
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Surgical Unit

scholarly journals Epidemiological Analysis of Maxillofacial Injuries in Road Traffic Accidents: A Peripheral Hospital Based Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Satadal Mondal ◽  
Indranil Sen ◽  
Rabi Hembrom ◽  
Swagato Roy ◽  
Rupam Sinha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Medical College Hospital ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Maxillofacial Fractures

Introduction The aetiology of maxillofacial fractures is greatly influenced by geographic location, socioeconomic status of the cohort, and the period of investigation. The aim of this study is to analyze and identify characteristics of maxillo-facial fractures that took place in and around Midnapore- Kharagpore city of West Bengal and who presented to a peripheral medical college hospital during a period of 1 year. Materials and Methods    A detailed database analysis was performed based on data collected from the patients of Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) with sustained facial trauma admitted to General Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology ward of a peripheral medical college hospital. Detailed clinical examination as well as radiological data was collected. Results The highest frequency of maxillo-facial injury due to RTA was among the young adults 18-40 years. Most common type of injury encountered is abrasion (44%) followed by bruise and closed fracture. Mandible is the most common bone to get fractured and most common type of Le fort type is Type II. Significant number of patients having RTA were young adults under the influence of alcohol riding in two-wheeler . ConclusionWith the increasing incidence of RTA awareness must be created concerning safety rules and more policies need to be addressed.

scholarly journals DEMOGRAPHIC STUDY OF DEATHS DUE TO ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS, EXAMINED IN DR. S.N. MEDICAL COLLEGE, JODHPUR (RAJ.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kana Ram Patel ◽  
Jagdish Jugtawat ◽  
Shalender Kumar ◽  
P.C. Vyas
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Subdural Hemorrhage ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Male To Female

Accidents are not due to external factors all the time but often they occur due to failure of control of self-conscience and free thoughts. Road Traffic Accidents is still the major cause of death worldwide including India. A retrospective study has been conducted in Dr. S.N. Medical College, Jodhpur (Raj.), in the year 2019 to study the pattern and distribution of Head Injuries of fatal road traffic accidents and to prepare the demographic profile of it. Out of total 901 cases, male to female ratio was 9:1, and commonest age group affected was 21-30 years (39.8%). Among total victims, Hindus were 748 (83%) and rests were Muslims 103 (11.4%) and other religions. Head injury was the most common injury, present alone in 509 cases (56.4%) and in 392 (43.6) cases along with other injuries. Skull fractures were found in 451 (50.5), in which linear/fissure fracture (32.9%) was most common. Most common bone fractured was temporal bone. The commonest variety of intracranial hemorrhage was subdural hemorrhage and craniotomy was done in 29 (3.2%) cases. Keywords: Accidents, Road traffic, Head injury, Fractures.

scholarly journals The Epidemiology of Injuries in Adults in Nepal: Findings from a Hospital-Based Injury Surveillance Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12701
Author(s):  
Santosh Bhatta ◽  
Dan Magnus ◽  
Julie Mytton ◽  
Elisha Joshi ◽  
Sumiksha Bhatta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Injury Surveillance ◽  
Prospective Surveillance ◽  
Senior Managers ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
One Year ◽  
Injured Patients

This study aimed to develop and evaluate a model of hospital-based injury surveillance and describe the epidemiology of injuries in adults. One-year prospective surveillance was conducted in two hospitals in Hetauda, Nepal. Data were collected electronically for patients presenting to emergency departments (EDs) with injuries between April 2019 and March 2020. To evaluate the model’s sustainability, clinical leaders, senior managers, data collectors, and study coordinators were interviewed. The total number of patients with injuries over one year was 10,154, representing 30.7% of all patients visiting the EDs. Of patients with injuries, 7458 (73.4%) were adults aged 18 years and over. Most injuries (6434, 86%) were unintentional, with smaller proportions due to assault (616, 8.2%) and self-harm (408, 5.5%). The median age of adult patients was 33 years (IQR 25–47). Males had twice the rate of ED presentation compared with females (40.4 vs. 20.9/1000). The most common causes were road traffic accidents (32.8%), falls (25.4%), and animal/insect related injuries (20.1%). Most injured patients were discharged after treatment (80%) with 9.1% admitted to hospital, 8.1% transferred to other hospitals, and 2.1% died. In Nepal, hospital-based injury surveillance is feasible, and rich injury data can be obtained by embedding data collectors in EDs.

scholarly journals Blunt abdomen trauma: a study of 50 cases

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1763
Author(s):  
Hardik J. Solanki ◽  
Himanshu R. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Abdominal Trauma ◽  
Blunt Abdominal Trauma ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Urethral Injury ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Female Ratio

Background: Blunt abdominal trauma is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among all age groups. Identification of serious intra-abdominal pathology is often challenging; many injuries may not manifest during the initial assessment and treatment period.Methods: This study was conducted on 50 patients of blunt abdominal trauma admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Including All patients with blunt abdominal trauma and Patients of all age groups.Results: In present study age group affected was 11 to 20 years and 41 to 50 years (20% each). Next group was 21 to 30 years (18%), male: female ratio was 2.8:1, most common mode of injury was road traffic accidents. Incidence of road traffic accidents was 48%. In study 2 patients out of 3 patients expired due to late presentation, liver injured (34%), followed by spleen (16%). Other injuries were small intestine and mesentery (14%), Urethral injury (12%) and muscular hematoma (8%), clinical presentation was abdominal pain (90). Extremity fractures 14% of cases, postoperative complication of respiratory infections (50%). Wound infection was 25% of patients. 2 patients who died suffered postoperative complications. Mortality rate (40%) in hemodynamically unstable patients than in hemodynamically stable patients (3%), Survival rate 94% while mortality rate 6%.Conclusions: Morbidity and mortality can be prevented by timely initial resuscitation and correct diagnosis as well as management (operative or non-operative) which depend on patient’s hemodynamic stability and findings of imaging studies.

scholarly journals A study of pattern of maxillofacial fractures and its complications

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1752
Author(s):  
Seema Mittal ◽  
Tejinder Sing Dall ◽  
Sudershan Kapoor ◽  
Raman Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Etiologic Factor ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Maxillofacial Fractures ◽  
Strict Compliance ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Age Range

Background: Incidence of maxillofacial fractures is quite high worldwide. A very important aesthetic function is served by maxillofacial skeleton moreover the prominent position of maxillofacial skeleton makes it more susceptible to fracture.Methods: A prospective study was done to assess the main etiology and pattern of maxillofacial fractures of 60 patients who came to the emergency department of Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical sciences and Research between January 2018 and June 2019.Results: Total number of patients taken for this study were 60. The number of male patients were 56 (93.33%) and number of female patients were 4 (6.66%) and male to female ratio was (14:1). The age range spanned from 11 years to 70 years with (mean age=37.30 years, SD=14.27). Primary etiologic factor for maxillofacial fractures was road traffic accidents (49, 81.66%), followed by fall (8, 13.33%), and assault accounted for (3, 5%). Total 229 fractures were present in 60 patients. Concerning the anatomical site of fractures, it was explored that most common site of fractures is orbit (59, 25.72%) followed by fractures of maxilla (55, 24%) and zygomatic complex (35, 15.28%). Infection was most common complication and was present in 2 (3.33%) of the patients during hospital stay. 21 (35%) of the patients had associated head injury and maximum patients 49 (81.66%) were treated by open reduction and internal fixation.Conclusions: It is concluded, that main etiology of maxillofacial trauma is road side accidents. Therefore, strict compliance of traffic rules can avoid such injuries. 

Description of clinical forensic profile‘visum et repertum’ quality in Yogyakarta 2011-2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida BagusGede Surya Putra Pidada ◽  
Martiana Suciningtyas Tri Artanti ◽  
Idha Arfianti Wiraagni ◽  
Dewanto Yusuf Priyambodo
Keyword(s):  
Blunt Trauma ◽  
Forensic Medicine ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Living Condition ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Clinical Forensic Medicine ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Photo Documentation

Background. Clinical forensic medicine is the practice of assessing the living condition of someone, either as victims of an assault or the alleged perpetrator of the offense. This publication shows the profile of clinical forensic medicine quality were reported on Visum et Repertum in Yogyakarta. Objective. The purpose of our study was to provide descriptive data on clinical forensic profile and Visum et Repertum quality in Yogyakarta 2011-2016. Method. Retrospective data were collected on all clinical forensic victims of five Regional Public Hospital in Yogyakarta, for asix-year period. Visum et Repertum quality was assessed by Herkutanto’s scoring method. Result. There were 2902 cases with male victims 50.7% and female 49.3%. Most cases were from Yogyakarta Regional Public Hospitals (72.6%). The most victims from18 to 30 years old (38.4%). The data from road traffic accidents (RTA), persecution, sexual violence, domestic violence, and poisoning cases were, 66.1%, 13.3%, 8.9%, 6.7%, and 5% respectively. The were no photo documentation in all hospitals. Blunt trauma was the highest number of trauma. While Almost hospitals have moderate quality in writing Visum et Repertum. Conclusion. Women victims in four Regional Public Hospitals (Sleman, Wonosari, Bantul, and Wates) were higher than men. The largest age group of the victims was a group of 18 to 30 years old. The most cases happened was road traffic accidents (RTA). For the type of trauma, blunt trauma was the highest proportion of trauma. All clinical forensic cases obtained were no photo documentation. Overall, Visum et Repertum scores for clinical forensic cases throughout Regional Public Hospitals in Yogyakarta province were in moderate category (range 50% - 75%).

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