scholarly journals Echocardiographic and Electrocardiographic Findings in COVID-19 Patients; A Cross-Sectional Study

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faeze Keihanian ◽  
Hoorak Poorzand ◽  
Amin Saeidinia ◽  
Ali Eshraghi
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Structural Heart Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Electrocardiographic Findings ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background: There are still many gaps in our knowledge regarding the direct cardiovascular injuries due to COVID-19 infection. In this study, we tried to find out the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on cardiac function in patients without any history of structural heart disease by electrocardiographic and echocardiographic evaluations.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on patients with COVID-19 infection admitted to Imam Reza hospital, Mashhad, Iran between 14 April and 21 September 2020. COVID-19 infection was verified by a positive reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for SARS-CoV-2 using nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal samples. We enrolled all patients over 18 years old with definite diagnosis of COVID-19 infection. All patients underwent a comprehensive transthoracic echocardiography at the first week of admission. Clinical and imaging data were collected prospectively. Results: In total, 142 patients were enrolled in this study. The mean age of participants was 60.69± 15.70 years (range: 30-90 years). Most patients were male (82, 57.7%). Multivariate analysis showed that O2 saturation at admission was independently a predictor of re-hospitalization (P<0.001). RV size (P<0.001), dyslipidemia (P<0.001), ejection fraction (EF) (P<0.001), age (P=0.020), systolic blood pressure (P=0.001), O2 saturation (P=0.018) and diabetes (P=0.025) independently predicted 30-days mortality. Conclusion: Echocardiography can be used for risk assessment in patients with COVID-19, especially in those with previous history of diabetes and dyslipidemia. The infection could result in Ventricular dysfunction, even in those without previous history of structural heart disease.

Malaria among migrants in a university hospital in Colombia during 2018: A case series

2020 ◽  
pp. 004947552098130
Author(s):  
Fabián R Carreño-Almánzar ◽  
Adán Coronado-Galán ◽  
Sonia A Cala-Gómez ◽  
Agustín Vega-Vera
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Imported Malaria ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clinical Profiles

Imported malaria has increased in Colombia since 2015 and has been attributed to migrants coming from Venezuela. We present a series of malaria cases, nested in a retrospective cross-sectional study between 2017 and 2018, aimed at calculating the prevalence of medical diseases among immigrants in a University Hospital in Colombia. Among 154 immigrants admitted for medical causes between 2017 and 2018, 8 were diagnosed with malaria, all due to Plasmodium vivax. Of these, seven had uncomplicated malaria, five had a previous history of malaria, one was critically ill, but none died. We highlight that, similar to other case series of imported malaria, Latin American migrants were young, with similar clinical profiles, having a low proportion of severe cases, and P. vivax was the most frequent cause.

scholarly journals THE EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PATTERN OF FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ISCHEMIC STROKE IN PATIENTS UNDER 50 YEARS OF AGE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Nourollah Ramroodi ◽  
Seyed Mehdi Hashemi ◽  
Mehrdad Ramroudi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of ◽  
Epidemiological Pattern ◽  
The Mean

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the epidemiological pattern of factors associated with ischemic stroke among patients under 50 years old. Methods: The present cross-sectional study was performed on 197 Stroke patients. Individuals with confirmed ischemic stroke based on of CT scan were included in the study. Demographic information included age, sex, history of smoking, place of residence, season of disease incidence, history of contraceptive use in women, history of hypertension, having high blood pressure at the onset of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, heart disease and patient weight. Finally, the collected data was analyzed using SPSS ver. 22. Results: The mean age of participants was 40.18 years. The mean weight, height, body mass index (BMI) were 79.83, 168.63, and 28.12, respectively. A total of 60.4% of the participants were male and 39.6% were female. Moreover, 66.9% were urban residents, 38.6% had complications in winter, 67% were smokers, and 50% used contraceptives. The history of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and heart disease was seen in 69%, 49.7, 66%, and 73.6% of cases, respectively. Also, 53.8% of patients had high blood pressure upon admission. Conclusion: The present study showed that a history of heart disease and a history of hypertension in the past and nicotine use are very common in people with stroke. Considering the above mentioned epidemiological factors, it is recommended to prioritize the mentioned factors when identifying new cases

scholarly journals Obstetric and neonatal outcome in women with a history of recurrent miscarriage at tertiary care hospital, Karnataka: a retrospective cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chintan Upadhyay ◽  
Nisha Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Recurrent Miscarriage ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of

Background: When clinical pregnancy is established, the risk of spontaneous pregnancy loss is ~12-14%, and therefore the incidence of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss (RPL) by chance alone would be in the order of 0.35%. It occurs in 0.5-3% of women. The objective of this study was to evaluate the obstetric outcome in pregnancies with history of one or more abortions.Methods: It is a retrospective cross-sectional study done at Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Medical College and Hospital, Bangalore. Record review of cases was done from January 2005 to December 2009. Inclusion criteria were pregnancies with history of previous abortions.Results: There were 400 cases with previous history of abortions. There were 266 (66.4%) booked cases while 134 (33.5%) were unbooked cases. 272 (68.0%) patients crossed viable period of pregnancy (more than 28 weeks). Around 56 (14.0%) cases had repeat abortions, 276 (69.0%) cases underwent vaginal delivery and 124 (31.0%) underwent cesarean section. Almost 91 (22.8%) of Babies were low birth weight while others were above 2.5 kg. There were 52 (13.0%) preterm babies and 28 (7.0%) Intrauterine demise of fetuses.Conclusions: Patients with previous history of abortions are at increased risk of adverse maternal and perinatal outcome.

Acute Mountain Sickness in the Pyrenees: an observational cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Weisweiler ◽  
Marc Ayala ◽  
Iñigo Soteras ◽  
Enric Subirats ◽  
Joan Carles Trullàs
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Physical Condition ◽  
Acute Mountain Sickness ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Mountain Sickness

Abstract Background The prevalence of acute mountain sickness (AMS) ranges between 15% and 80% depending on the absolute altitude reached, speed of ascent, and individual susceptibility. However, there is a lack of information regarding AMS at moderate to high altitudes (2,500-3,500 m) and, even less, in the Pyrenees. Our aim is to determine the prevalence and risk factor of AMS in the Pyrenees. Methods A cross-sectional study including mountaineers who climbed a mountain with a height greater than 2,500 m in the Pyrenees region during July and August 2019. Sociodemographic data, medical history and activity information were collected using a questionnaire. The diagnosis of AMS was based on the 2018 modified Lake Louise Score. A logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the association of different variables (risk factors) and AMS. Results From 437 participants, 117 met diagnostic criteria of AMS, establishing a prevalence of 26.7% (95% confidence interval: 22.6%-30.9%). Individuals affected by AMS had mild (88%) or moderate (12%) affection. The most common symptoms (in addition to headache which is mandatory for AMS diagnosis) were fatigue or weakness, gastrointestinal symptoms and dizziness. In an adjusted multivariate analysis, heavy perceived exertion, bad physical condition, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use and previous history of altitude illness were independent risk factors for developing AMS. Conclusions One fourth of climbers in the Pyrenees experienced mild or moderate AMS. Previous history of AMS, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs use and other modifiable risk factors such as physical exertion and physical condition were strong and independent predictors of AMS. These findings suggest that educational/informational programs for individuals planning to climb to moderate-high altitudes in the Pyrenees may contribute to prevent AMS.

Reasons why patients with tuberculosis in South Korea stop anti-TB treatment: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1016-1023
Author(s):  
H. W. Kim ◽  
J. Min ◽  
A. Y. Shin ◽  
H-K. Koo ◽  
S. Y. Lim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Specialist Nurses ◽  
Lost To Follow Up

BACKGROUND: As there had been no reduction in the TB burden in South Korea since 2000, a public-private mix (PPM) strategy was launched in 2011. The purpose of this study was to investigate the reasons for lost to follow-up (LTFU) among TB patients and their clinical characteristics.METHOD: A multicentre, cross-sectional study based on in-depth interviews with patients and their families by TB specialist nurses was conducted. Patients who were reported with a final outcome of LTFU in 2015–2017 at all PPM hospitals across the country were enrolled. Enrolled patients were classified into six subgroups by age and three major reasons for LTFU (adverse effects, refusal of treatment, marginalisation) and their clinical features were compared.RESULTS: Among 780 patients, those who were lost to follow-up due to adverse effects accounted for the largest proportion (n = 387). LTFU in those aged <65 years who refused treatment (n = 189) and those aged <65 years who were marginalised (n = 108) were related to having smear-positive TB and a previous history of unfavourable outcomes.CONCLUSION: To reduce LTFU in South Korea, comprehensive strategies, including management of adverse effects, systematic counselling and education, should be implemented.

Tramadol dependence in the addiction unit of Baghdad: A cross sectional study

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 72-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. Lafta
Keyword(s):  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Potential Risk ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

ObjectiveTramadol is one of the most prescribed centrally-acting analgesic in the world. It has been widely used in Iraq over the last few years. There are many contradicting studies about the potential risk of tramadol abuse in the world. In this piece of work we have tried to describe a group of patients referred to the main addiction unit in Baghdad with Tramadol Abuse.Method41 patients referred to the addiction unit in Ibn-Rushed Mental Teaching Hospital in Baghdad with Tramadol abuse problems, were screened, and 36 were included in this Cross Sectional study.Results78% were males & 22% were females. Their age were 16–57y(mean27y).90% of the sample were on Tramadol alone & 10% on polydrugs. About 92% of them were iatrogenic abusers. Most of the patients were without previous history of drug abuse. More than one fifth of the patients had at least one seizure. About one fifth of the sample were health professionals.ConclusionTramadol is freely and widely used in Iraq. Tramadol has a clear risk of causing dependency syndrome and this has been nearly almost always iatrogenic in our study sample. Tramadol abuse seems to be a growing problem in Iraq.

scholarly journals Magnitude and associated factors of caesarean section deliveries among women who gave birth in Southwest Ethiopia: institutional-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayenew Mose ◽  
Haimanot Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multiple Pregnancies ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background Caesarean section is a life-saving comprehensive obstetric procedure of women and newborn performed during childbirth-related complications and should be universally accessible for all pregnant mothers globally. Appropriate use of caesarean section can reduce maternal and perinatal mortality. However, inappropriate use of caesarean section can negatively affect infant health, women health, and future pregnancies. The magnitude and factors associated with caesarean section delivery were not consistent and will vary between different hospitals of Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed at assessing the magnitude and factors associated with caesarean section deliveries in Southwest Ethiopia. Methods and Materials An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted from January 1 to February 29, 2020. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 551 study participants. A pretested, structured, and face-to-face interview was used to collect data. Data were entered into Epi-data version 4.2.0 and exported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify factors associated with caesarean section deliveries. P values < 0.05 result were considered as a statistically significant association. Results The magnitude of caesarean section deliveries was found to be 32.5 % (95 % CI; 28.6%-36.7 %). Mothers resided in an urban area [AOR = 2.58, (95% CI; 1.66–4.01)], multiple pregnancies [AOR = 3.15, (95% CI; 1.89–5.23), malpresentation [AOR = 3.05, (95% CI; 1.77–5.24)], and previous history of caesarean section [AOR = 3.55, (95% CI; 2.23–5.64) were factors associated with caesarean section deliveries. Conclusions Caesarean section deliveries were found high in the study area. Mothers resided in an urban area, multiple pregnancies, malpresentation, and previous history of caesarean section were factors associated with caesarean section deliveries. Therefore, counselling of mothers on the risk of giving birth through elective caesarean section without absolute and relative medical indications and giving enough time for the trial of vaginal birth after caesarean section are recommended.

scholarly journals Burden of Pelvic Girdle Pain During Pregnancy Among Women Attending Ante-Natal Clinic, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moges Gashaw Getnet ◽  
Solomon Gedlu ◽  
Balamurugan Janakiraman
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pelvic Girdle ◽  
Pelvic Girdle Pain ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of

Abstract Background: Pelvic girdle pain (PGP) is a commonly reported maternal morbidity that negatively impacts the well-being of women during pregnancy and extends long term into the post-partum period. The burden of maternal morbidity; including pregnancy-related PGP; has been overlooked in Ethiopia to date. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and identify factors associated with pelvic girdle pain during pregnancy in North West Ethiopia.Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among pregnant women visiting the antenatal care clinic in Obstetrics ‘outpatient department at the University of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital in Gondar. Data were collected by interview method using structured questionnaires, patient medical record reviews, and physical measurements. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression model analyses were used to identify factors associated with PGP. Results: A total of 424 participants with gestational ages ranging from 6 to 39 weeks participated in this study. The age of the study participants ranged from 18 to 44 years with a mean age of (27 ±4.6 years). The overall cumulative prevalence of pelvic girdle pain among pregnant women was 103 (24.3%), 95% CI (20.3, 28.8). The major associated factors with pelvic girdle pain were previous history of pelvic girdle pain (AOR 16.08; 95% CI, 8.47-30.51), previous history of back pain (AOR 1.66; 95% CI, 1.5-4.24) and having children (AOR 1.42; 95% CI, 1.29-3.76).Conclusion: One-quarter of pregnant Ethiopian women reported pelvic girdle pain. Many respondents endured pain on multiple occasions and association with the previous history of PGP might be an episode of relapse. PGP must be considered a major pregnancy-related morbidity, and progress in the intervention of PGP is vital to enhance the quality of life in this population.

scholarly journals Coronary heart disease, hypertension and use of biomass fuel among women: comparative cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e030881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zafar Fatmi ◽  
Georgia Ntani ◽  
David Coggon
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Biomass Fuel ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

ObjectivesTo explore the associations of hypertension and coronary heart disease (CHD) with use of biomass fuel for cooking.DesignComparative cross-sectional study.SettingRural villages in Sindh, Pakistan.ParticipantsWomen aged ≥40 years who had used biomass fuel for cooking for at least the last year (n=436), and a comparison group (n=414) who had cooked only with non-biomass fuel during the last year were recruited through door-to-door visits. None of those who were invited to take part declined.Primary and secondary outcome measuresHypertension was determined from blood pressure measurements and use of medication. CHD was assessed by three measures: history of angina (Rose angina questionnaire), previous history of ‘heart attack’, and definite or probable changes of CHD on ECG. Potentially confounding risk factors were ascertained by questionnaire and anthropometry. Associations of hypertension and CHD with use of biomass and other risk factors were assessed by logistic regression, and summarised by ORs with 95% CIs.ResultsAfter adjustment for potential confounders, there was no association of hypertension (OR: 1.0, 95% CI 0.8 to 1.4) angina (OR: 1.0, 95% CI 0.8 to 1.4), heart attack (OR: 1.2, 95% 0.7 to 2.2) or ECG changes of CHD (OR: 0.8, 95% CI 0.6 to 1.2) with current use of biomass for cooking. Nor were any associations apparent when analyses were restricted to long-term (≥10 years) users and non-users of biomass fuel.ConclusionsA linked air monitoring study indicated substantially higher airborne concentrations of fine particulate matter in kitchens where biomass was used for cooking. It is possible that associations with CHD and hypertension were missed because most of the comparison group had used biomass for cooking at some time in the past, and risk remains elevated for many years after last exposure.

scholarly journals HIV virological non-suppression and its associated factors in children on antiretroviral therapy at a major treatment centre in Southern Ghana: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adwoa K. A. Afrane ◽  
Bamenla Q. Goka ◽  
Lorna Renner ◽  
Alfred E. Yawson ◽  
Yakubu Alhassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Study Recruitment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Children living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection require lifelong effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). The goal of ART in HIV-infected persons is sustained viral suppression. There is limited information on virological non-suppression or failure and its associated factors in children in resource limited countries, particularly Ghana. Methods A cross-sectional study of 250 children aged 8 months to 15 years who had been on ART for at least 6 months attending the Paediatric HIV clinic at Korle Bu Teaching hospital in Ghana was performed. Socio-demographic, clinical, laboratory and ART Adherence related data were collected using questionnaires as well as medical records review. Blood samples were obtained for viral load and CD4+ count determination. Viral load levels > 1000 copies/ml on ART was considered virological non-suppression. Logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with virological non-suppression. Results The mean (±SD) age of the study participants was 11.4 ± 2.4 years and the proportion of males was 53.2%. Of the 250 study participants, 96 (38.4%) had virological non-suppression. After adjustment for significant variables, the factors associated with non-suppressed viral load were female gender (AOR 2.51 [95% CI 1.04–6.07], p = 0.041), having a previous history of treatment of tuberculosis (AOR 4.95 [95% CI 1.58–15.5], p = 0.006), severe CD4 immune suppression status at study recruitment (AOR 24.93 [95% CI 4.92–126.31], p < 0.001) and being on a nevirapine (NVP) based regimen (AOR 7.93 [95% CI 1.58–1.15], p = 0.005). Conclusion The prevelance of virological non-suppression was high. Virological non-suppression was associated with a previous history of TB treatment, female gender, severe CD4 immune suppression status at study recruitment and being on a NVP based regimen. Early initiation of ART and phasing out NVP-based regimen might improve viral load suppression in children. In addition, children with a history of TB may need focused measures to maximize virological suppression.

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