scholarly journals The Influence of Tongue Cleaning Habit on the Occurrence of Adverse Halitosis Outcomes: A Review of Literature on the Current Evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 530-536
Author(s):  
Maj Dr Pamil Banotra ◽  
Col Dr T Prasanth ◽  
Lt Col Dr Manab Kosala ◽  
Brig SK Bhandari ◽  
Surg Lt Cdr Dr Goutam Nanavati
Keyword(s):  
Current Evidence ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Tongue Cleaning

Endocrine Active Pituitary Tumor

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amol Raheja ◽  
William T. Couldwell
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Tumor ◽  
Index Case ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Complication Management ◽  
Pituitary Macroadenoma ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Surgical Options ◽  
Pros And Cons

This chapter presents an illustrative case demonstrating the principles of diagnosis and management in endocrine active pituitary tumor. The index case involves a 30-year-old male patient who presented with phenotypic markers of acromegaly. On radiological and endocrinological evaluation, growth hormone–secreting pituitary macroadenoma was identified. The philosophy of decision-making and management paradigm is discussed to demonstrate the pros and cons of medical, radiation, and surgical options. Technical nuances of the surgical procedure and its complication management are stressed. A brief review of literature is included to elaborate on the current evidence, including outcomes for the various management options for such tumors, with special emphasis on multimodality management.

scholarly journals Antipsychotics in Alzheimer's disease: A critical analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Marques da Silva ◽  
Rafaela de Castro Oliveira Pereira Braga ◽  
Thiago Junqueira Avelino-Silva ◽  
Luiz Antonio Gil Junior
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Thematic Review

Abstract The estimated worldwide prevalence of dementia among adults older than 60 years of age was 3.9% in 2005. About 90% of demented patients will develop neuropsychiatric symptoms (NS) such as delirium, delusion, aggressiveness and agitation. The treatment of NS involves non-pharmacologic strategies (with varying degrees of success according to the scientific literature) and pharmacologic treatment (PT). The present review of literature examined the current role of AP in the management of NS in dementia. Methods: A thematic review of medical literature was carried out. Results: 313 articles were found, 39 of which were selected for critical analysis. Until 2005, the best evidence for PT had supported the use of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs), anticholinesterases, memantine and antipsychotics (AP). In 2005, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) disapproved the use of atypical APs to treat neuropsychiatric symptoms in individuals with dementia (the same occurred with the typical APs in 2008). After this, at least two important randomized placebo-controlled multicenter trials were published examining the effectiveness of atypical APs in Alzheimer's disease (CATIE-AD) and the effects of interrupting AP treatment (DART-AD). Conclusions: Based on the current evidence available, APs still have a place in treatment of the more serious psychotic symptoms, after the failure of non-pharmacological treatment and of an initial approach with selective inhibitors of serotonin uptake, anticholinesterases and memantine.

scholarly journals Role of laser application in endodontic treatment: a review of literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulkader Abdulelah Abulhamayel ◽  
Khalid Abdulbaqi Alsulami ◽  
Ali Nasser Alshehri ◽  
Abdullah Hussain Alasmari ◽  
Faisal Ramadan Alzahrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Selective Absorption ◽  
Laser Application ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Pulp Capping ◽  
Surgical Wounds

Many applications have been previously reported that laser is used in the field of endodontics. It is used in pulp diagnosis, shaping and disinfection of the root canal, endodontic surgeries, modifying the dentin structures, pulpotomy and pulp capping. Our present study aims to review some applications of laser used in the field of endodontics. According to the evidence from current studies in the literature, vital pulp therapeutic approaches for pulpotomy can significantly lead to efficacious and bloodless outcomes by using laser for the following processes: Coagulation, vaporization, and sealing of the blood vessels with potentially sterile minute wounds with no complications. Many advantages have been previously reported for using laser within endodontic surgical procedures, such as coagulation, sterilization, selective absorption, precision, lower rates of complications as inflammation and edema, getting clean, well-sealed surgical wounds, enhanced disinfection characteristics, reduced painful sensations, decreased required sutures due to better hemostasis, and reduced bleeding. On the other hand, applying some laser modalities might not be adequately efficacious according to previous studies in the literature. We recommend that further human prospective to conduct investigations for further validation of the current evidence.

scholarly journals Chloroquine, Hydroxychloroquine and Covid-19: a systematic review of literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Paulo Guida
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Viral Load ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Methodological Issues

Objective: to assess effectiveness and safety of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine on the treatment of COVID-19. Study desing: a systematic review of literature was performed in two databases; studies were included if they had as intervention use of chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine and reported outcomes on laboratorial or clinical findings or description of side effects. Results: 38 studies were included; of those, only one fulfilled inclusion criteria and were included in this review. This study has important methodological issues and only reported viral load, but any clinical outcomes. Conclusions: Many ongoing clinical trials will provide new evidences about the use of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine to the treatment of COVID-19. Current evidence do not support its use on clinical practice.

scholarly journals Use of gelatin-thrombin matrix haemostatic sealant in neurosurgery: Anaesthetic implications and review of literature

2015 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 051-054
Author(s):  
Puneet Khanna ◽  
Charu Mahajan ◽  
Priyanka Gupta ◽  
Sujoy Banik ◽  
Bikash Ray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Evidence ◽  
Regenerated Cellulose ◽  
Clinical Report ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Gelatin Matrix ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulopathy ◽  
Haemostatic Agents ◽  
Neurosurgical Patients ◽  
Intravascular Coagulopathy

AbstractThe topical haemostatic agents have been developed to be used as adjunctive measures to promote haemostasis. These include bone wax, absorbable gel sponges, microfibrillar collagen, oxidised regenerated cellulose, gelatin sponges with thrombin, gelatin-thrombin matrix sealant or fibrin sealants. Gelatin-thrombin matrix sealant is a mixture of a bovine-derived gelatin matrix and human-derived thrombin component that are mixed together at the time of use. This agent has been found to be more effective haemostat than thrombin-soaked gelatine sponges. The possible adverse effects of this can be transmission of diseases from human or bovine sources, allergic reactions, thromboembolism, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC), perilesional oedema, and compression of neural tissue. Although it is used routinely in the operating room, there is little literature available on the perioperative implications with use of intraoperative gelatin-thrombin matrix sealant. Here, we present clinical report of 20 neurosurgical patients where the sealant was used and literature in view of current evidence has been reviewed.

Current evidence of ThuLEP for BPH: A review of literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 461-469
Author(s):  
Giorgio Bozzini ◽  
◽  
Lorenzo Berti ◽  
Matteo Maltagliati ◽  
Carmine Sciorio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Evidence ◽  
Review Of Literature

scholarly journals The Current Evidence Regarding COVID-19 and Pregnancy: Where Are We Now and Where Should We Head to Next?

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2000
Author(s):  
Theodoros Kalampokas ◽  
Anna Rapani ◽  
Maria Papageorgiou ◽  
Sokratis Grigoriadis ◽  
Evangelos Maziotis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Vaccination Strategy ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Quality Of Data ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Critical Aspects

Despite the volume of publications dedicated to unraveling the biological characteristics and clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2, available data on pregnant patients are limited. In the current review of literature, we present an overview on the developmental course, complications, and adverse effects of COVID-19 on pregnancy. A comprehensive review of the literature was performed in PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central databases up to June 2021. This article collectively presents what has been so far reported on the identified critical aspects, namely complications during pregnancy, delivery challenges, neonatal health care, potential routes of viral transmission, including vertical transmission or breastfeeding, along with the risks involved in the vaccination strategy during pregnancy. Despite the fact that we are still largely navigating uncharted territory, the observed publication explosion in the field is unprecedented. The overwhelming need for data is undoubtable, and this serves as the driver for the plethora of publications witnessed. Nonetheless, the quality of data sourced is variable. In the midst of the frenzy for reporting on SARS-CoV-2 data, monitoring this informational overload is where we should head to next, considering that poor quality research may in fact hamper our attempts to prevail against this unparalleled pandemic outbreak.

Revisiting same day administration of pegfilgrastim in the age of biosimilars: A review of literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 1970-1976
Author(s):  
Amanda J Gerberich ◽  
Mark R Attilio ◽  
Alison Svoboda
Keyword(s):  
Claim Data ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Insurance Claim ◽  
Breast Cancer Outcomes ◽  
Insurance Reimbursement ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Hematopoietic Toxicity ◽  
Insurance Claim Data

Purpose Since 2018, several pegfilgrastim biosimilars were approved, which may affect insurance reimbursement. Guidelines recommend pegfilgrastim be administered the days following chemotherapy to prevent hematopoietic toxicity. To date, only the reference pegfilgrastim product has an available autoinjector-device. This has contributed to logistical issues in administering biosimilar agents per guideline recommendations. Administration on the same day as chemotherapy may be a potential alternative when logistical issues are present. This review will assess current evidence on this practice to inform clinical decisions. Data sources: A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed/Medline for studies examining the administration of pegfilgrastim on the same day as chemotherapy. Data summary: Several studies were identified, including a systematic review, retrospective reviews, and insurance claim data. Studies had significant limitations, and chemotherapy regimens and cancer types varied among studies. Studies showed inconsistent results in terms of incidence, duration, and severity of febrile neutropenia. In studies with patients with head and neck, urothelial, gynecologic, gastrointestinal, and prostate cancer, no difference in outcomes was detected or outcomes supported the feasibility of same-day administration. In patients with breast cancer, outcomes were worse with same-day administration. Outcomes were mixed in studies with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, non-small cell lung cancer, and various solid tumors. Conclusion Administration of pegfilgrastim on the same day as chemotherapy may be safe and an acceptable alternative, if logistics prohibit a patient from receiving administration the days after chemotherapy. Clinicians should consider patient risk factors and prescribed chemotherapy regimens, along with available evidence when contemplating administration of same-day pegfilgrastim.

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