scholarly journals Role of laser application in endodontic treatment: a review of literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulkader Abdulelah Abulhamayel ◽  
Khalid Abdulbaqi Alsulami ◽  
Ali Nasser Alshehri ◽  
Abdullah Hussain Alasmari ◽  
Faisal Ramadan Alzahrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Selective Absorption ◽  
Laser Application ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Pulp Capping ◽  
Surgical Wounds

Many applications have been previously reported that laser is used in the field of endodontics. It is used in pulp diagnosis, shaping and disinfection of the root canal, endodontic surgeries, modifying the dentin structures, pulpotomy and pulp capping. Our present study aims to review some applications of laser used in the field of endodontics. According to the evidence from current studies in the literature, vital pulp therapeutic approaches for pulpotomy can significantly lead to efficacious and bloodless outcomes by using laser for the following processes: Coagulation, vaporization, and sealing of the blood vessels with potentially sterile minute wounds with no complications. Many advantages have been previously reported for using laser within endodontic surgical procedures, such as coagulation, sterilization, selective absorption, precision, lower rates of complications as inflammation and edema, getting clean, well-sealed surgical wounds, enhanced disinfection characteristics, reduced painful sensations, decreased required sutures due to better hemostasis, and reduced bleeding. On the other hand, applying some laser modalities might not be adequately efficacious according to previous studies in the literature. We recommend that further human prospective to conduct investigations for further validation of the current evidence.

scholarly journals Evaluation of role of chest physical therapy in thoracic surgery

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shoaib Nabi ◽  
Saeed Ashraf Cheema ◽  
Hammad Raza ◽  
Mona Khalid.
Keyword(s):  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Thoracic Surgery ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Chest Physiotherapy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chest Physical Therapy

Study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of post operative chest physiotherapy in cases of thoracic surgery. Eighty patients who underwent various surgical procedures were divided into two groups: one where adequate physiotherapy was carried out and the other where adequate physiotherapy could not be carried out. It was found that rate of postoperative complications was double in the group where chest physiotherapy could not be carried out due to any reasons.

scholarly journals Antipsychotics in Alzheimer's disease: A critical analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Marques da Silva ◽  
Rafaela de Castro Oliveira Pereira Braga ◽  
Thiago Junqueira Avelino-Silva ◽  
Luiz Antonio Gil Junior
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Thematic Review

Abstract The estimated worldwide prevalence of dementia among adults older than 60 years of age was 3.9% in 2005. About 90% of demented patients will develop neuropsychiatric symptoms (NS) such as delirium, delusion, aggressiveness and agitation. The treatment of NS involves non-pharmacologic strategies (with varying degrees of success according to the scientific literature) and pharmacologic treatment (PT). The present review of literature examined the current role of AP in the management of NS in dementia. Methods: A thematic review of medical literature was carried out. Results: 313 articles were found, 39 of which were selected for critical analysis. Until 2005, the best evidence for PT had supported the use of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs), anticholinesterases, memantine and antipsychotics (AP). In 2005, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) disapproved the use of atypical APs to treat neuropsychiatric symptoms in individuals with dementia (the same occurred with the typical APs in 2008). After this, at least two important randomized placebo-controlled multicenter trials were published examining the effectiveness of atypical APs in Alzheimer's disease (CATIE-AD) and the effects of interrupting AP treatment (DART-AD). Conclusions: Based on the current evidence available, APs still have a place in treatment of the more serious psychotic symptoms, after the failure of non-pharmacological treatment and of an initial approach with selective inhibitors of serotonin uptake, anticholinesterases and memantine.

scholarly journals The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in the Hallmarks of Cancer and Drug Resistance

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina P. R. Xavier ◽  
Hugo R. Caires ◽  
Mélanie A. G. Barbosa ◽  
Rui Bergantim ◽  
José E. Guimarães ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Intercellular Signaling ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Intercellular Exchange

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate intercellular signaling and communication, allowing the intercellular exchange of proteins, lipids, and genetic material. Their recognized role in the maintenance of the physiological balance and homeostasis seems to be severely disturbed throughout the carcinogenesis process. Indeed, the modus operandi of cancer implies the highjack of the EV signaling network to support tumor progression in many (if not all) human tumor malignancies. We have reviewed the current evidence for the role of EVs in affecting cancer hallmark traits by: (i) promoting cell proliferation and escape from apoptosis, (ii) sustaining angiogenesis, (iii) contributing to cancer cell invasion and metastasis, (iv) reprogramming energy metabolism, (v) transferring mutations, and (vi) modulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) by evading immune response and promoting inflammation. Special emphasis was given to the role of EVs in the transfer of drug resistant traits and to the EV cargo responsible for this transfer, both between cancer cells or between the microenvironment and tumor cells. Finally, we reviewed evidence for the increased release of EVs by drug resistant cells. A timely and comprehensive understanding of how tumor EVs facilitate tumor initiation, progression, metastasis and drug resistance is instrumental for the development of innovative EV-based therapeutic approaches for cancer.

scholarly journals Role of PITRM1 in Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neurodegeneration

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 833
Author(s):  
Dario Brunetti ◽  
Alessia Catania ◽  
Carlo Viscomi ◽  
Michela Deleidi ◽  
Laurence A. Bindoff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dysfunction ◽  
Mitochondrial Fraction ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Mitochondrial Targeting ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Atp Production ◽  
Precursor Proteins ◽  
Toxic Peptides ◽  
Mitochondrial Targeting Sequences

Mounting evidence shows a link between mitochondrial dysfunction and neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer Disease. Increased oxidative stress, defective mitodynamics, and impaired oxidative phosphorylation leading to decreased ATP production, can determine synaptic dysfunction, apoptosis, and neurodegeneration. Furthermore, mitochondrial proteostasis and the protease-mediated quality control system, carrying out degradation of potentially toxic peptides and misfolded or damaged proteins inside mitochondria, are emerging as potential pathogenetic mechanisms. The enzyme pitrilysin metallopeptidase 1 (PITRM1) is a key player in these processes; it is responsible for degrading mitochondrial targeting sequences that are cleaved off from the imported precursor proteins and for digesting a mitochondrial fraction of amyloid beta (Aβ). In this review, we present current evidence obtained from patients with PITRM1 mutations, as well as the different cellular and animal models of PITRM1 deficiency, which points toward PITRM1 as a possible driving factor of several neurodegenerative conditions. Finally, we point out the prospect of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.

scholarly journals Role of dietary therapy in managing epilepsy in children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Saeed Babonji ◽  
Zahra Abdullah Alkhatir ◽  
Adel Abed Alharbi ◽  
Buthaynah Abdullah Alghasham ◽  
Ola Lateef Abumansour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dravet Syndrome ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Dietary Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Ketogenic Diets ◽  
Treatment Plans ◽  
Management Approaches

Ketogenic diets have been proposed as effective management approaches that have been validated by many studies in the literature. The efficacy of administering these treatment modalities has been validated by many studies within epilepsy-related syndromes as Rett syndrome, infantile spasms, GLUT-1 deficiency and Dravet syndrome. As a result, it has been noticed that observable favorable outcomes within the first three months from starting the administration of these treatment regimens. In this literature review, we have discussed the dietary therapeutic approaches for managing epilepsy in children. The findings have been combined from different studies in the literature. Many of them are comparative investigations that have indicated the efficacy of these treatment plans in reducing both the frequency of seizures and adequately inhibiting the development of further epilepsy events. Many mechanisms have been proposed for these treatment modalities to inhibit seizures that are adequately discussed in this article. Based on the current evidence, further awareness approaches should be conducted to increase the administration of these products, especially in pharmaco-resistant cases.

scholarly journals Genetic View To Stroke Occurrence

2017 ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Sadegh Yoosefee ◽  
Seyyed Amir Hejazi ◽  
Ehsan Sharifipour ◽  
Tayyebeh Sabokbar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
The Other ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
The Third ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Risk Of Disease

Stroke is the third leading cause of death. The role of genetics in the etiology and development of this disease is undeniable. As a result of inadequate previous research, more and more studies in the field of genetics are necessary to identify pathways involved in the pathogenesis of stroke, which in turn, may lead to new therapeutic approaches. However, due to the multifactorial nature of stroke and the few studies conducted in this field, genetic diversity is able to predict only a small fraction of the risk of disease. On the other hand, studies have shown genetically different architecture for different types of stroke, and finally pharmacogenomics as an important part of personalized medicine approach, is influenced by genetic studies, all of which confirm the need of addressing the topic by researchers.         

Plasma Levels of Protein S, Protein C, and Factor X: Effects of Sex, Hormonal State and Age

1995 ◽  
Vol 74 (05) ◽  
pp. 1271-1275 ◽  
Author(s):  
C M A Henkens ◽  
V J J Bom ◽  
W van der Schaaf ◽  
P M Pelsma ◽  
C Th Smit Sibinga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Protein S ◽  
The Other ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Normal Ranges

SummaryWe measured total and free protein S (PS), protein C (PC) and factor X (FX) in 393 healthy blood donors to assess differences in relation to sex, hormonal state and age. All measured proteins were lower in women as compared to men, as were levels in premenopausal women as compared to postmenopausal women. Multiple regression analysis showed that both age and subgroup (men, pre- and postmenopausal women) were of significance for the levels of total and free PS and PC, the subgroup effect being caused by the differences between the premenopausal women and the other groups. This indicates a role of sex-hormones, most likely estrogens, in the regulation of levels of pro- and anticoagulant factors under physiologic conditions. These differences should be taken into account in daily clinical practice and may necessitate different normal ranges for men, pre- and postmenopausal women.

On the role of the dispute between "non-possessors" and "Josephites" in the culture of Moscow's prediction

1998 ◽  
pp. 61-62
Author(s):  
N. S. Jurtueva
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Moral Transformation ◽  
15Th Century ◽  
The Future ◽  
Secular Power

In the XIV century. centripetal tendencies began to appear in the Moscow principality. Inside the Russian church, several areas were distinguished. Part of the clergy supported the specificobar form. The other understood the need for transformations in society. As a result, this led to a split in the Russian church in the 15th century for "non-possessors" and "Josephites". The former linked the fate of the future with the ideology of hesychasm and its moral transformation, while the latter sought support in alliance with a strong secular power.

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