scholarly journals Current Evidence for Biomechanical Principles in the Management of Knee Osteoarthritis, Review of Literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ahmed Aljawadi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Review Of Literature

Does running protect against knee osteoarthritis? Or promote it? Assessing the current evidence

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (21) ◽  
pp. 1355-1356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard D Leech ◽  
Kim L Edwards ◽  
Mark E Batt
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Current Evidence

scholarly journals Complex Lifestyle and Psychological Intervention in Knee Osteoarthritis: Scoping Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12757
Author(s):  
Bryan Yijia Tan ◽  
Tivona Thach ◽  
Yasmin Lynda Munro ◽  
Soren Thorgaard Skou ◽  
Julian Thumboo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Knee Oa

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) causes pain, disability and poor quality of life in the elderly. The primary aim was to identify and map out the current evidence for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on complex lifestyle and psychosocial interventions for knee OA. The secondary aim was to outline different components of complex lifestyle and psychosocial interventions. Our scoping review searched five databases from 2000 to 2021 where complex lifestyle or psychosocial interventions for patients with knee OA were compared to other interventions. Screening and data extraction were performed by two review authors independently and discrepancies resolved through consensus and in parallel with a third reviewer. A total of 38 articles were selected: 9 studied the effectiveness of psychological interventions; 11 were on self-management and lifestyle interventions; 18 looked at multifaceted interventions. This review highlights the substantial variation in knee OA interventions and the overall lack of quality in the current literature. Potential areas of future research, including identifying prognostic social factors, stratified care models, transdisciplinary care delivery and technology augmented interventions, have been identified. Further high-quality RCTs utilizing process evaluations and economic evaluation in accordance with the MRC guidelines are critical for the development of evidence-based knee OA programs globally.

Experiences of Wearable Technology by Persons with Knee Osteoarthritis Participating in a Physical Activity Counselling Intervention: A Qualitative Study Using a Relational Ethics Lens (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Leese ◽  
Graham MacDonald ◽  
Catherine L Backman ◽  
Anne Townsend ◽  
Laura Nimmon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Relational Ethics ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Everyday Lives ◽  
Physical Activity Counselling ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Counselling Intervention

BACKGROUND Current evidence indicates physical activity wearables could support persons with knee osteoarthritis (OA) to be more physically active. Recent evidence also identifies, however, some persons with arthritis experience guilt or worry while using a wearable if they are not as active as they feel they should be. Questions remain around how persons with knee OA experience benefits or downsides in using a wearable in their everyday lives. Better understanding is needed if wearables are to be incorporated in arthritis self-management in ways that are ethically aware. OBJECTIVE Using an ethics lens, describe a range of experiences from persons with knee OA who used a wearable during a physical activity counselling intervention study. METHODS This is a secondary analysis of qualitative interviews (60-90 mins) nested within a randomized controlled trial (RCT). Guided by phenomenography, we explored the experiences of persons with knee OA, following participation in a physical activity counselling intervention. The intervention consisted of a 1.5-hour education session about physical activity, using a Fitbit Flex, and receiving 4 biweekly phone calls for activity counselling with a study physiotherapist (PT) in an 8-week period. All PTs were trained in the Brief Action Planning approach, whereby they guided participants to identify activity goals, develop an action plan, and identify barriers and solutions. Benefits or downsides experienced in participants’ relationships with themselves or the study PT when using the wearable were identified using a relational ethics lens. RESULTS Interviews with 21 participants (12 females, 9 males) aged 40-82 years were analyzed. Education ranged from high school graduate (n=4) to bachelor’s degree or above (n=11). Three categories of description were identified: 1) Participants experienced their wearable as a motivating or nagging influence to be more active, depending on how freely they were able to make autonomous choices about physical activity in their everyday lives; 2) Some participants felt a sense of accomplishment from seeing progress in their wearable data, which fuelled motivation. One participant experienced negative emotions (e.g., self-blame) if his wearable data indicated physical activity goals were not met; 3) For some participants, sharing wearable data helped to build mutual trust in their relationship with the study PT. They also expressed, however, there was potential for sharing wearable data to undermine this trust, particularly if this data was inaccurate. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first qualitative study that uses a relational ethics lens to explore how persons with arthritis experienced changes in their relationship with a health professional when using a wearable during research participation. Findings also provide an early glimpse into positive and negative emotional impacts of using a wearable that can be experienced by participants with knee OA when participating in an RCT to support physical activity.

Endocrine Active Pituitary Tumor

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amol Raheja ◽  
William T. Couldwell
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Tumor ◽  
Index Case ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Illustrative Case ◽  
Complication Management ◽  
Pituitary Macroadenoma ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Surgical Options ◽  
Pros And Cons

This chapter presents an illustrative case demonstrating the principles of diagnosis and management in endocrine active pituitary tumor. The index case involves a 30-year-old male patient who presented with phenotypic markers of acromegaly. On radiological and endocrinological evaluation, growth hormone–secreting pituitary macroadenoma was identified. The philosophy of decision-making and management paradigm is discussed to demonstrate the pros and cons of medical, radiation, and surgical options. Technical nuances of the surgical procedure and its complication management are stressed. A brief review of literature is included to elaborate on the current evidence, including outcomes for the various management options for such tumors, with special emphasis on multimodality management.

scholarly journals Platelet-rich plasma versus hyaluronic acid in knee osteoarthritis: A meta-analysis with the consistent ratio of injection

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 230949901988766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qipeng Wu ◽  
Xuefen Luo ◽  
Yuan Xiong ◽  
Guohui Liu ◽  
Junwen Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hyaluronic Acid ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
International Knee Documentation Committee ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Functional Improvement ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Library

Osteoarthritis (OA) is an extremely common form of chronic joint disease which can affect the knees and other joints of older adults, leading to debilitating disability in the knee and consequent reduction in quality of life. Intra-articular platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or hyaluronic acid (HA) injections are effective for maintaining long-term beneficial effects without increasing the risk of intra-articular infection. However, few studies have compared the relative value of HA and PRP for OA treatment. PRP is more effective than HA for OA treatment in recent studies of this topic. We systematically searched Medline, SpringerLink, Embase, Pubmed, Clinical Trials.gov, the Cochrane Library, and OVID for all articles published through May 2018. Any study was included that compared the effect of HA and PRP (consistent treatment cycle and frequency of injection) on patient’s pain levels and functionality improvements. Review Manager 5.3 was used to analyze data regarding these two primary outcomes. We included 10 total studies in the present meta-analysis. International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC; MD: 10.37, 95% confidence interval (CI): 9.13 to 11.62, p < 0.00001), Western Ontario and MacMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC; MD: −20.69, 95% CI: −24.50 to −16.89, p < 0.00001, I2 = 94%), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS; MD: −1.50, 95% CI: −1.61 to −1.38, p < 0.00001, I2 = 90%) differed significantly between the PRP and HA groups. Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Scores (KOOSs) did not differ significantly ( χ2 = 23.53, I2 = 41%, p = 0.11). Our hypothesis appears not to be confirmed because PRP and HA did not differ significantly with respect to KOOS score. However, the IKDC, WOMAC, and VAS scores differed significantly. Thus, based on the current evidence, PRP appears to be better than HA at achieving pain relief and self-reported functional improvement. Ia, meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials.

scholarly journals The Influence of Tongue Cleaning Habit on the Occurrence of Adverse Halitosis Outcomes: A Review of Literature on the Current Evidence

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 530-536
Author(s):  
Maj Dr Pamil Banotra ◽  
Col Dr T Prasanth ◽  
Lt Col Dr Manab Kosala ◽  
Brig SK Bhandari ◽  
Surg Lt Cdr Dr Goutam Nanavati
Keyword(s):  
Current Evidence ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Tongue Cleaning

scholarly journals Antipsychotics in Alzheimer's disease: A critical analysis

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduardo Marques da Silva ◽  
Rafaela de Castro Oliveira Pereira Braga ◽  
Thiago Junqueira Avelino-Silva ◽  
Luiz Antonio Gil Junior
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Thematic Review

Abstract The estimated worldwide prevalence of dementia among adults older than 60 years of age was 3.9% in 2005. About 90% of demented patients will develop neuropsychiatric symptoms (NS) such as delirium, delusion, aggressiveness and agitation. The treatment of NS involves non-pharmacologic strategies (with varying degrees of success according to the scientific literature) and pharmacologic treatment (PT). The present review of literature examined the current role of AP in the management of NS in dementia. Methods: A thematic review of medical literature was carried out. Results: 313 articles were found, 39 of which were selected for critical analysis. Until 2005, the best evidence for PT had supported the use of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs), anticholinesterases, memantine and antipsychotics (AP). In 2005, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) disapproved the use of atypical APs to treat neuropsychiatric symptoms in individuals with dementia (the same occurred with the typical APs in 2008). After this, at least two important randomized placebo-controlled multicenter trials were published examining the effectiveness of atypical APs in Alzheimer's disease (CATIE-AD) and the effects of interrupting AP treatment (DART-AD). Conclusions: Based on the current evidence available, APs still have a place in treatment of the more serious psychotic symptoms, after the failure of non-pharmacological treatment and of an initial approach with selective inhibitors of serotonin uptake, anticholinesterases and memantine.

scholarly journals Role of laser application in endodontic treatment: a review of literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulkader Abdulelah Abulhamayel ◽  
Khalid Abdulbaqi Alsulami ◽  
Ali Nasser Alshehri ◽  
Abdullah Hussain Alasmari ◽  
Faisal Ramadan Alzahrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Selective Absorption ◽  
Laser Application ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Pulp Capping ◽  
Surgical Wounds

Many applications have been previously reported that laser is used in the field of endodontics. It is used in pulp diagnosis, shaping and disinfection of the root canal, endodontic surgeries, modifying the dentin structures, pulpotomy and pulp capping. Our present study aims to review some applications of laser used in the field of endodontics. According to the evidence from current studies in the literature, vital pulp therapeutic approaches for pulpotomy can significantly lead to efficacious and bloodless outcomes by using laser for the following processes: Coagulation, vaporization, and sealing of the blood vessels with potentially sterile minute wounds with no complications. Many advantages have been previously reported for using laser within endodontic surgical procedures, such as coagulation, sterilization, selective absorption, precision, lower rates of complications as inflammation and edema, getting clean, well-sealed surgical wounds, enhanced disinfection characteristics, reduced painful sensations, decreased required sutures due to better hemostasis, and reduced bleeding. On the other hand, applying some laser modalities might not be adequately efficacious according to previous studies in the literature. We recommend that further human prospective to conduct investigations for further validation of the current evidence.

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