scholarly journals Nutrient Removal Rate and Heat Flux through Floating Canna Culture System in Eutrophied Water

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunihiko HAMAGAMI ◽  
Masayuki FUJIHARA ◽  
Edward LAPONG
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Nutrient Removal Rate

scholarly journals High nutrient removal rate from swine wastes and protein biomass production by full-scale duckweed ponds

2012 ◽  
Vol 112 ◽  
pp. 98-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo A. Mohedano ◽  
Rejane H.R. Costa ◽  
Flávia A. Tavares ◽  
Paulo Belli Filho
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Production ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
High Nutrient ◽  
Nutrient Removal Rate

scholarly journals Nannochloropsis oculata D. microalgae growth in a treated effluent from superintensive shrimp cultivation

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Menezes Galindro ◽  
Rafael Garcia Lopes ◽  
Roberto Bianchini Derner ◽  
Sebastião Roberto Soares
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Stationary Growth Phase ◽  
Nannochloropsis Oculata ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Microalgae Biomass ◽  
Shrimp Cultivation ◽  
Microalgae Growth ◽  
Nutrient Removal Rate

The use of microalgae biomass in order to obtain lipids is an important alternative to be studied and it has great potential to be applied in order to produce food and biofuel, for instance. However, there are some processes of its production which need further study, such as the cultivation inputs. A possibility for an alternative raw material is the effluent from superintensive shrimp cultivation with bioflocs (BF). Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the productivity and nutrient removal rate of Nannochloropsis oculata cultivation in three systems: (i) f/2 - produced integrally with chemical fertilizers, (ii) BF - using of 100% of the effluent for superintensive shrimp cultivation with bioflocs and (iii) 50/50 – using 50% of shrimp cultivation effluents  and  50% from f/2 system. The microalgae presented greater biomass growth and productitvity in BF system but less lipids and esters accumulation. Concerning nutrient removal, f/2 system showed better performance, which may indicate that the cultivation in BF systems takes longer to reach the stationary growth phase.

Pilot Scale Study on Biological Nutrient Removal and Membrane Fouling Alleviation in Combined Membrane Bioreactor for Municipal Wastewater Treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 365 ◽  
pp. 354-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Liu ◽  
Ji Fu Wang ◽  
Bao Zhen Wang ◽  
Bing Wang ◽  
Wei Wan
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nutrient Removal Rate

To solve the problem of eutrophication in receiving water, a novel Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) with combined configuration was designed for municipal wastewater treatment and reclamation. By dividing bioreactor into three zones, the combined MBR operated under anoxic, anaerobic and aerobic conditions. It provided optimum conditions for nitrification, denitrifying and phosphate accumulating bacterial growth which resulted in high biological nutrient removal rate directly. The operational performance of combined MBR pilot plant showed that it exhibited high nutrient removal rate on Chemical oxygen demand (CODcr), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP). The mean value of effluent CODcr, TN and TP removal rate was 90.63%, 63.05% and 60.51% respectively during 180 days of operation. In order to obtain stable membrane flux, the combined MBR packed with fibrous bio-film carrier and added diatomite. Furthermore, it could alleviate membrane fouling effectively. As a result, the combined MBR improved effluent water quality significantly and alleviated membrane fouling remarkably.

Effects of operation parameters on nutrient removal from wastewater and high-protein biomass production in a duckweed-based (Lemma aequinoctialis) pilot-scale system

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (7) ◽  
pp. 1195-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonggui Zhao ◽  
Yang Fang ◽  
Yanling Jin ◽  
Jun Huang ◽  
Shu Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Water Depth ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Coverage Rate ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Dianchi Lake ◽  
Operation Conditions

The effects of water depth, coverage rate and harvest regime on nutrient removal from wastewater and high-protein biomass production were assessed in a duckweed-based (Lemna aequinoctialis) pilot-scale wastewater treatment system (10 basins × 12 m2) that is located near Dianchi Lake in China. The results indicated that a water depth of 50 cm, a coverage rate of 150% and a harvest regime of 4 days were preferable conditions, under which excellent records of high-protein duckweed (dry matter production of 6.65 g/m2/d with crude protein content of 36.16% and phosphorus content of 1.46%) were obtained at a temperature of 12–21 °C. At the same time, the system achieved a removal efficiency of 66.16, 23.1, 48.3 and 76.52% for NH4+-N, TN, TP and turbidity, respectively, with the considerable removal rate of 0.465 g/m2/d for TN and 0.134 g/m2/d for TP at a hydraulic retention time of 6 days. In additionally, it was found that a lower duckweed density could lead to higher dissolved oxygen in the water and then a higher removal percentage of NH4+-N by nitrobacteria. This study obtains the preferable operation conditions for wastewater treatment and high-protein biomass production in a duckweed-based pilot-scale system, supplying an important reference for further large-scale applications of duckweed.

scholarly journals Assessment of Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 as an option for sustainable wastewater treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgios Samiotis ◽  
Kostas Stamatakis ◽  
Elisavet Amanatidou
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Synechococcus Elongatus ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Biological Nutrient Removal ◽  
Synechococcus Elongatus Pcc 7942 ◽  
Pcc 7942

Abstract Industrial wastewaters are recognized as a valuable resource, however their disposal without proper treatment can result in environmental deterioration. The associated environmental/operational cost of wastewater treatment necessitates upgrade of applied processes towards the goals of sustainability and mitigation of climate change. The implementation of cyanobacteria-based processes can contribute to these goals via resources recovery, production of high-value products, carbon fixation and green-energy production. The present study evaluates the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 (S7942) as a biological component for novel and sustainable alternatives to typical biological nutrient removal processes. Valuable results regarding cultivation temperature boundaries, applied disinfection techniques and analytical methods, as well as regarding relations between parameters expressing S7942 biomass concentration are presented. The results show that at typical industrial wastewater temperatures, S7942 efficiently grew and removed nitrates from treated snack-industry's wastewater. Moreover, in cultures with treated and relatively saline dairy wastewater, its growth rate slightly decreased, but nevertheless nitrates removal rate remained efficiently high. A comparison between typical denitrification processes and the proposed nutrient removal process indicated that a S7942-based system may constitute an alternative or a supplementary to denitrification process. Thus, Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 proved to be a potent candidate towards sustainable industrial wastewater treatment applications.

scholarly journals Influence of the spark heat on the electrode behavior in Powder Mixed-EDM environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 6125-6143 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Abbas ◽  
M. A. Lajis ◽  
A. D. Jawad ◽  
E. A. Rahim ◽  
S. Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
Pulse Duration ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Correlation Factor ◽  
Copper Electrode ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Chromium Powder ◽  
Damage Sensing ◽  
Powder Mixed Edm

Most past studies did not attempt to improve the numerical model for the electrode removal rate which depends on the experimental results. Furthermore, these studies have not included the damage-sensing for the electrode in Powder Mixed-EDM (PMEDM) medium. Therefore, the current study aims to enhance this model for the copper electrode based on the heat flux for the spark channel. Besides, it focuses on sensing the copper electrode damage depending on the slope relation between eroding velocity and the pulse duration. In both studies, during machining D2 steel, Nano chromium powder in the dielectric liquid is applied. The correlation factor between the Numerical Heat Flux q(r) and the experimental results for the Tool Wear Rate (TWR) attained is 93.06%. The value of this factor improves the mathematical model for TWR instead of the traditional mechanism that adopts the crater volume. Also, the damage-sensing constant (STD) in the copper electrode is very efficient at the minimum value of the peak current (IP), powder concentration (PC) and the maximum level of the pulse duration (Ton). Thus, the statistical confirmation using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) produced a higher value of the composite desirability (96.76%) and error percent equals to (10.3%-1.55%) and (0.18%-2.40%) for TWR and q(r), respectively. On the other hand, the optimum operation values are IP = 10 Amps, Ton = 30 µs, and PC = 2 g/L. These confirmation values are similar to the trials No. (3) and No. (11). Therefore, these values confirm the main purpose in order to obtain the best performance for TWR at the minimum spark heat.

Identification and evaluation of a dominant alga from municipal wastewater in removal of nutrients

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 2727-2735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yixuan Yang ◽  
Fei Tang ◽  
Xiaoling Su ◽  
Hua Yin ◽  
Fei Ge
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Source ◽  
Nutrient Removal ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Secondary Effluent ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Gradient Gel Electrophoresis

To access better removal of nutrients with algae-based techniques, a dominant alga from real municipal wastewater was identified and its capacity in removing low concentrations of nitrogen (NH+4 or NO−3) and phosphorus (PO3−4) was evaluated. Results showed that Oedogonium brevicingulatum, a filamentous green alga, was confirmed as the dominant alga in the secondary effluent of a municipal wastewater treatment plant by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Low concentrations of NH+4 or NO−3 (≤5 mg N L−1) and PO3−4 (≤0.5 mg P L−1) were 100% removed by the algae in a 7-d test. The maximum nutrient removal rate (Vmax) and the half-saturation constant (Km) for NH+4 (10.03 ± 0.95 mg g−1d−1 and 0.19 ± 0.03 mg L−1) and NO−3 (8.43 ± 0.21 mg g−1 d−1 and 0.27 ± 0.11 mg L−1) indicated the uptake capability for NH+4 is higher than that for NO−3. Meanwhile, it showed higher affinity for PO3−4 (Vmax: 1.42 ± 0.02 mg g−1 d−1; Km: 0.02 ± 0.00 mg L−1) with NH+4 as nitrogen source than that (Vmax: 1.24 ± 0.15 mg g−1 d−1; Km: 0.06 ± 0.03 mg L−1) with NO−3 as nitrogen source. Moreover, nutrient removal efficiencies were observed steady when nitrogen/phosphorus ratio ranged from 5:1 to 20:1. These results suggest that the dominant algae from municipal wastewater have potentials to be applied in nutrient removal.

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