scholarly journals Modeling of the Process of Determining the Speed of the Development of Cracks in a Solid Medium

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.G. Dambaev ◽  
V.D. Anakhin ◽  
A.S. Buldaev ◽  
I.D. Burlakov
Keyword(s):  
Solid Medium

ANOMALOUS REFLECTION OF ULTRASONIC BEAMS AT THE INTERFACE OF A SOLID MEDIUM WITH ATTENUATION

1972 ◽  
Vol 33 (C6) ◽  
pp. C6-211-C6-215
Author(s):  
L. G. MERKULOV ◽  
V. M. MERKULOVA
Keyword(s):  
Solid Medium ◽  
Anomalous Reflection

scholarly journals Current trends in leather science

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony D. Covington ◽  
William R. Wise
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Leather Industry ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Vegetable Tanning ◽  
Sulfide Species

Abstract In preparing the second edition of ‘Tanning Chemistry. The Science of Leather.’, the literature was updated and the content was revised and reviewed. Here, the new findings are presented and discussed. Notable developments include the necessary rethinking of the mechanism of sulfide unhairing because of new understanding of the aqueous chemistry of sulfide species. Revision upwards of the value of the second pKa for sulfide species ionisation means that S2− cannot exist in an aqueous medium, so the unhairing species in hair burn reactions is HS−. Although the technology remains the same, this means the mechanisms of associated reactions such as immunisation must be revised. Rawstock preservation has benefitted from studies of the potential role of materials from plants which accumulate salt, but which also contribute terpene compounds. There is also further discussion on the continuing issue of chromium (VI) in the leather industry. The application to processing of new solvents, ionic liquids and deep eutectics, is the coming technology, which offers transforming options for new chemistries and products. Renewed interest in vegetable tanning and methods of wet white processing are current trends. Also, within the topic of reagent delivery is processing in a solid medium of plastic beads. Graphical abstract

Single- or double-membrane-bound vesicles and P, Ca, and Fe-containing granules in Xanthomonas citri cultured on a solid medium

Micron ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 103024
Author(s):  
Junhyung Park ◽  
A Reum Je ◽  
Sang Gil Lee ◽  
Jae Hyuck Jang ◽  
Yang Hoon Huh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Medium ◽  
Xanthomonas Citri ◽  
Double Membrane ◽  
Membrane Bound

scholarly journals A Novel 6-Benzyl Ether Benzoxaborole Is Active against Mycobacterium tuberculosisIn Vitro

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nipul Patel ◽  
Theresa O'Malley ◽  
Yong-Kang Zhang ◽  
Yi Xia ◽  
Bjorn Sunde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Eukaryotic Cells ◽  
Intracellular Bacteria ◽  
Benzyl Ether ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Resistant Mutants

ABSTRACT We identified a novel 6-benzyl ether benzoxaborole with potent activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The compound had an MIC of 2 μM in liquid medium. The compound was also able to prevent growth on solid medium at 0.8 μM and was active against intracellular bacteria (50% inhibitory concentration [IC50] = 3.6 μM) without cytotoxicity against eukaryotic cells (IC50 > 100 μM). We isolated resistant mutants (MIC ≥ 100 μM), which had mutations in Rv1683, Rv3068c, and Rv0047c.

scholarly journals Life without Division: Physiology ofEscherichia coliFtsZ-Deprived Filaments

mBio ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia Sánchez-Gorostiaga ◽  
Pilar Palacios ◽  
Rocío Martínez-Arteaga ◽  
Manuel Sánchez ◽  
Mercedes Casanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Medium ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Antimicrobial Compounds ◽  
Liquid Form ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ftsz Ring ◽  
Altered Expression Pattern ◽  
The Stability

ABSTRACTWhen deprived of FtsZ,Escherichia colicells (VIP205) grown in liquid form long nonseptated filaments due to their inability to assemble an FtsZ ring and their failure to recruit subsequent divisome components. These filaments fail to produce colonies on solid medium, in which synthesis of FtsZ is induced, upon being diluted by a factor greater than 4. However, once the initial FtsZ levels are recovered in liquid culture, they resume division, and their plating efficiency returns to normal. The potential septation sites generated in the FtsZ-deprived filaments are not annihilated, and once sufficient FtsZ is accumulated, they all become active and divide to produce cells of normal length. FtsZ-deprived cells accumulate defects in their physiology, including an abnormally high number of unsegregated nucleoids that may result from the misplacement of FtsK. Their membrane integrity becomes compromised and the amount of membrane proteins, such as FtsK and ZipA, increases. FtsZ-deprived cells also show an altered expression pattern, namely, transcription of several genes responding to DNA damage increases, whereas transcription of some ribosomal or global transcriptional regulators decreases. We propose that the changes caused by the depletion of FtsZ, besides stopping division, weaken the cell, diminishing its resiliency to minor challenges, such as dilution stress.IMPORTANCEOur results suggest a role for FtsZ, in addition to its already known effect in the constriction ofE. coli, in protecting the nondividing cells against minor stress. This protection can even be exerted when an inactive FtsZ is produced, but it is lost when the protein is altogether absent. These results have implications in fields like synthetic biology or antimicrobial discovery. The construction of synthetic divisomes in the test tube may need to preserve unsuspected roles, such as this newly found FtsZ property, to guarantee the stability of artificial containers. Whereas the effects on viability caused by inhibiting the activity of FtsZ may be partly overcome by filamentation, the absence of FtsZ is not tolerated byE. coli, an observation that may help in the design of effective antimicrobial compounds.

Numerical Calculation on Flaw Response in Inhomogeneous Media

2011 ◽  
Vol 328-330 ◽  
pp. 1188-1193
Author(s):  
Gang Feng Zheng ◽  
Bin Wu ◽  
Cun Fu He
Keyword(s):  
Velocity Dispersion ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Ultrasonic Attenuation ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Medical Studies ◽  
Ultrasonic Beam ◽  
Ultrasonic Methods ◽  
Phase Velocity Dispersion ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Ultrasonic Nde

Ultrasonic methods are used in a wide variety of applications including medical studies, geological mapping, and nondestructive evaluation (NDE) tests. In the field of ultrasonic NDE, it is necessary to treat inverse problems of various types. The objective of this paper is to predict the flaw response in an inhomogeneous solid medium. A mathematical modelling of the testing situation is very valuable for a number of reasons. The modelling helps in developing physical intuition and in the interpretation of tests. Multi-Gaussian Beam (MGB) model is used to represent the incident ultrasonic beam. The effect of ultrasonic attenuation and phase velocity dispersion due to grain scattering is included in the predictions. The variation of received voltage is analyzed against the distance of the flaw from the transducer for different dimensions of a square cylinder void. The effect of variation of mean diameter of the grains on the received voltage for different domain of interest is also studied.

A medium, solidified with gellan gum, for determining the Na+ requirement of Vibrio species

1993 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 804-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa D. Noble ◽  
John A. Gow
Keyword(s):  
Marine Bacteria ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Specific Growth ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Gellan Gum ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Prolonged Incubation ◽  
Low Sodium ◽  
Growth Requirements ◽  
Lag Period

Until now there has not been a satisfactory solid medium for determining the growth responses, to Na+, of marine and other bacteria that have specific growth requirements for Na+. A solid medium would be useful to investigators who would like to take advantage of the efficiency of multipoint inoculation when testing for a Na+ requirement. By using 1% gellan gum (Gel-GroTM) as the solidifying agent a medium was formulated that had a contaminating level of Na+ of slightly less than 2 mM in the basal medium. Two species of Aeromonas, which do not require Na+ for growth, and 31 species of Vibrio, which require Na+, were tested for their growth responses to Na+ on this medium. The Aeromonas strains grew well, within 24 h, at all of the Na+ concentrations tested. Approximately 75% of the Vibrio strains did not grow on the basal medium even after a prolonged incubation period. The remaining species were able to grow on the basal medium, but not without a lag period. These lag periods were as short as 36 h for two of the species and in some instances as long as 312 h. These lag periods were of sufficient duration to determine that Na+ stimulated the growth of the Vibrio strains that were able to grow on the basal medium. Approximately 75% of the strains, representing most species of Vibrio, were able to grow if as little as 25 mM Na+ was present in the medium.Key words: low-sodium medium, Na+ requirement, gellan gum, agar substitute, marine bacteria.

A CONVENIENT METHOD OF OBTAINING ASCOSPORES FROM BAKERS' YEAST

1949 ◽  
Vol 27c (4) ◽  
pp. 179-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Convenient Method ◽  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Solid Medium ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Sporulation Medium ◽  
Direct Transfer ◽  
Yeast Cultures ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Solid Nutrient Medium

The superiority of methods involving the use of sporulation media containing acetate, first introduced by Stantial and Elder, over several commonly employed methods is established. A new method for obtaining ascospores from bakers' yeast cultures is recommended involving the direct transfer of vegetative cells from a solid nutrient medium to a solid medium containing acetate. High yields of ascospores are consistently produced after seven days' incubation. This method should lend itself particularly to use in the preparation of ascospores for instructional work, and for genetic research in yeast, and may also find application in yeast taxonomy. The technique recommended is as follows: vegetative yeast cells are multiplied on tomato juice agar or on dextrose nutrient agar, and are then transferred to a solid sporulation medium containing 0.04% dextrose, 0.14% anhydrous sodium acetate, and 2% agar.

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