From the History of Teaching Spelling at School: Method of «Сacography» in the Methodological Heritage of P. M. Perevlessky

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
N. V. Kornilov
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Russian Language

In this article, the author refers to the methodological heritage of a Russian philologist of the 19th century P. M. Perevlessky. In his book «Practical orthography with preliminary comments» (1842), P. M. Perevlessky proposed a “proofreading exercises” (carefully checking a text for errors) as practice techniques for learning orthography for schoolchildren. He emphasized the close relationship between spelling and grammar. After the publication of his book, the term «cacography» was introduced into scientific parlance, which is also used in modern methodology of teaching the Russian language. The author notes that there are still supporters and opponents of “proofreading practice”.

scholarly journals History of the Russian Language in Hungary in the 19th Century. Discovering Kirill Szabov

Slovene ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 328-351
Author(s):  
Marianna Lyavinecz-Ugrin
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Language Teacher ◽  
Highly Educated ◽  
New Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Language Literature

The history of the Russian language in Hungary was directly linked to the works of Russophile Rusyn writers, who in the 19th century proclaimed the idea of literary and spiritual pan-Slavism in Subcarpathian Rus, which led to the spreading of Russian language, literature and culture. Among the names of well-known figures and famous writers, such as Alexander Dukhnovich, Ivan Rakovsky, Adolf Dobrjanskу, Yevgeny Fentsik (Vladimir), Anatoly Kralytsky, Alexander Mytrak (Materin), Ivan Silʹvaі (Uriil Meteor), etc., from time to time one can spot the name of Kirill Antonovich Szabov, one of the Russophile writers. His modest personality and character could be the reason for which the name of the gifted and highly educated Russian language teacher and the author of the grammar of the Russian language (1865) and the brief collection of selected works in prose and verse (1868), went into oblivion. Consequently, his literary and academic work is not well known. This paper is devoted to the life, pedagogical and literary activity of Kirill Szabov with the aim of revealing new information about him and the history of the Russian language in Hungary to the academic community.

scholarly journals Vom historischen Erbe zur selbstbestimmten Sprach(en)politik? Literarische Mehrsprachigkeit in Litauen und Lettland

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-66
Author(s):  
Natalia Blum-Barth
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Literary Translation ◽  
Historical Legacy ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Russian Language

From Historical Legacy to Self-Determined Language(s) Policy? Literary Multilingualism in Lithuania and Latvia. The first part of this article looks at Soviet language(s) policy. Two further parts discuss language(s) policy and literary multilingualism in Lithuania and Latvia. The aim is not to provide a differentiated investigation, but to show similarities and differences as well as tendencies in the language(s) politics of the two states from the 19th century to the present in the mirror of literature and to explain them using case studies. In the fourth, concluding part, literary translation is highlighted as one of the formats for implementing multilingualism outside the text with particular focus on the consultative function of the Russian language.

scholarly journals Sootechestvenniki (compatriots) in the 19th century: semantic profile based on the data of the National Corpus of the Russian language

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 72-84
Author(s):  
S. T. Zolyan
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Old Russian ◽  
Place Of Origin ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
National Corpus

The concept “sootechestvenniki” is one of the key tools for self-description of society; it is an instrument for drawing borderlines between “we” and “they”. The article describes the development of the meaning of this word since its coinage. The word appeared in the 18th cen­tury as a merger of the Old Slavic and Old Russian ‘otechestvo’ (fatherland, understood as one’s place of origin) and the French ‘compatriot’. This merger resulted in the formation of two new prototypical meanings: one is civic, collective and elevated, and the other gravitates to ethnicity since it is used to refer to Russians. With the strengthening of state institutions in Russia, the first meaning was bound to dominate and it did at the beginning of the 19th century. However, one should speak not about the synthesis, but rather about the discordance of the two meanings. In the 19th century, another meaning developed in the semantic struc­ture of the word: ethnic Russians living abroad. Gradually, the word acquired new evaluative meanings, while negative connotations still prevailed. The basic oppositions (we — they, here — there, ours — alien) interacted in an ambiguous way, substituting each other. A variety of hy­brid “compatriots” arose: we are there, they are here, etc. The heterogeneity of the seman­tics of the word reflects collisions within society, which faced a tragic internal split in the 20th century.

scholarly journals Rangifer and human interests

Rangifer ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 20 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 153 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Human Interest ◽  
Political Conflicts ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

This article reviews biological and anthropological literatute on wild and tame Rangifer to demonstrate the powerful effect that this species has had on the imaginations of biologists, social scientists and local hunters. Through identifying a general 'human interest' in Rangifer, the author argues that there is great potential for these three communities to work together. To demonstrate this idea, the paper reviews several examples of successful and unsuccessful 'alliances' between local peoples and both natural and social scientists which have had a fundamental impact upon the history of these sciences. The paper examines recent theorerical models which suggest that human action is a major factor in the behaviour and ecology of the animals. The paper also analyses the ideas of many indigenous people for whom there is no categorical difference between semi-domesticated, semi-sedentary and migratory Rangifer through comparison with many 'anomalous' texts in English and Russian language wildlife biology. By reviewing the history of scholarly interest in Rangifer, the author argues that contemporary models of Rangifer behaviour and identity could be 'revitalised' and 'recalibrated' through the establishment of that dialogue between scientists and local peoples which so characterised the 19th century. Such a dialogue, it is argued, would help mediate many of the political conflicts now appearing in those districts where Rangifer migrate.

scholarly journals Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy in the book “Russian novel” by E.-M. de Vogüé

Rhema ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
V. Trykov
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Leo Tolstoy ◽  
Russian Novel ◽  
French Writer ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Russian Language

The article describes a problem of the reception of the shape of Leo Tolstoy by the French writer E.-M. de Vogüé (1848–1910), whose book “Russian Novel” (“Le roman russe”) (1886) never fully been translated into the Russian language, the influence of “neomisticism” and his interpretation of cultural situation in Europe at the end of the 19th century on the interpretation of the personality and creativity of the great Russian writer, revealed the ambiguity and contradictoriness of the assessment, which gives Vogüé to Tolstoy’s worldview.

scholarly journals A Case of Pragmaticalization in Russian: Micro-diachronic Analysis of the Particle ‘že’ in Questions

Slovene ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 340-361
Author(s):  
Olga E. Pekelis
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Corpus Data ◽  
Diachronic Analysis ◽  
Syntactic Properties ◽  
Diachronic Development ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
National Corpus

Že is one of the most closely studied particles in Russian, but its use within interrogative sentences, although it is a separate type of use, has not been investigated in detail. In this paper, I deal with the semantic and syntactic properties of že as part of a constituent or a polar question in the 18th–19th centuries and in modern usage. Based on the Russian National Corpus data, it is demonstrated that, in modern texts, že can appear in questions in four different meanings, each of them pragmatically coloured, whereas in the 19th century and earlier, že could also have a pragmatically neutral meaning, close to a conjunctive one, which has today been lost. This diachronic development corresponds to a typologically widespread scenario and represents the process known as pragmaticalization. The proposed semantic analysis of že is further considered in the light of syntactic tendencies in the evolution of this particle. This analysis can explain the absence of že in the polar questions in modern Russian and its presence in such types of questions in the Russian language of the 18th–19th centuries. The assumption that že has lost its conjunctive-like meaning in interrogative sentences is consistent with the observation that the conjunctive že is the less frequent type of že in declarative sentences.

scholarly journals Аб магчымым уплыве грэцкай мовы на развіццё дзеепрыметнікаў залежнага стану цяперашняга часу ў славянскіх мовах

2021 ◽  
pp. 165-175
Author(s):  
Анатоль Багдзевіч
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Greek Language ◽  
Grammatical Category ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
Present Tense ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Voice ◽  
The Russian Language

The passive participles of the present tense have been actively used only in Russian out of all Slavic languages since the 19th century and are a grammatical category that is not accepted by all native speakers of the standard Belarusian language as a normative one. During the development of Slavic languages, it has been experiencing two opposite tendencies: decline and revival. The article examines extralinguistic and intralinguistic factors that could have influenced the development of this verb form in a number of Slavic languages. According to the author, the bilingual Slavic-Greek consciousness of the creators of Slavic writing could have influenced the strengthening of these forms in the Russian language. The article analyzes possible connections of the Slavic participles of the present tense with the medial and passive participles of the Greek language in the light of their common origin from the Indo-European participle, as well as the process of development of participles during the restructuring of the voice category and in connection with the development of the aspect category.

Lexical borrowing of the second half of the 19th century in the letters of I. S. Turgenev

2021 ◽  
pp. 177-191
Author(s):  
Yu. G. Zakharova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Lexical Borrowing ◽  
Important Place ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Word Selection ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Colloquial Speech ◽  
The Russian Language

The paper discusses lexical borrowings from the Western European languages in Russian in the second half of the 19th century in the letters of I. S. Turgenev. The definition of the term “borrowing” is given. The criteria determining the entry of a foreign language unit into the lexical system of the Russian language are specified. The word’s being widely represented in various dictionaries is considered as one of the important criteria to determine the foreign lan-guage word’s common usage. The entry dating of foreign words in the Russian language is specified in letters and other sources. The processes of semantic adaptation of borrowings in the Russian language of the 19th century are analyzed: narrowing, expansion of the meaning and scope of the word usage, complication of the semantic structure, appearance of meanings typical of colloquial speech or having individual authorial character, connotation change. This study allowed considering the letters of I. S. Turgenev as a valuable source for compiling et-ymological dictionaries of the Russian language since the borrowed vocabulary is not fully re-flected in them. The author believes that the material of the letters of I. S. Turgenev should be reflected in the Dictionary of the Russian language of the 19th century. With instability and the dynamics of units being the principle of word selection in the dictionary, borrowed vo-cabulary will take an important place as an significant part of the neology of this era.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document