Pradip N. Khandwalla. Revitalising the State: A Menu ofOptions. New Delhi: Sage Publications, 1999. Indian Rs 250.00.304 pages.

1999 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-122
Author(s):  
Mir Annice Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
The State ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Success Stories ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The People ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Economic Well Being

In recent years discussions about the role of the state have been intense. Some argue in favour of an increased role of the state in the life of the people; others argue for a lesser and diminished role. Whatever the arguments, it is generally felt that the role of the state has been de-emphasised in recent years thereby making it unable to sustain the economic well-being of the people. This book, by presenting a number of suggestions, is an attempt to reinvigorate the state to make it more in tune with the requirements of the people. Using history as a guide, the author identifies four main models of the state that have developed in the twentieth century. These can be categorised as (i) the interventionist welfare state; (ii) the developmental state; (iii) the 'reinvented' entrepreneurial state, and (iv) the World Bank model of the humane market-friendly state. After categorising these different types of states he proceeds to analyse the reasons behind the decay of the state. These include their growing size and complexity, corruption, poor governance, weak political structures etc. to mention a few. At the same time, he also examines same success stories from the Commonwealth and East Asian countries. These include Australia, New Zealand, and Singapore to name a few. From these success stories the author puts forward what, in his view, are steps aimed at revitalising the state, particularly in developing countries.

Reflections from the Margins: Complexities, Transitions and Developmental Challenges - The Case of the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Citizen Participation ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
The People ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Leadership Accountability ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
Colonial Oppression

Since the dawn of colonialism in Southern Africa, the province of the Eastern Cape emerged as the cradle of African resistance against colonial oppression. A closer look at the province reveals opportunities for progress and ultimate resurgence of economic and social development, yet conflated by a myriad of challenges. This book brings together different perspectives and realities of the post-apartheid Eastern Cape to provide an in-depth exploration of the developmental dilemmas that the province faces. This book provides insightful reflections on development and its sustainability some 25 years since democracy, and specifically focuses on sociological and demographic realities in the areas of migration and its impact on families. The book further grapples with the role of the state in developing culture and heritage in the province, pointing to fundamental and multiple challenges of deprivation, unemployment and subsequent community resilience in a variety of sectors including health and education. While it provides a historical analysis of contextual issues facing the province, the book also highlights the agency of the people of the Eastern Cape in confronting challenges in leadership, accountability, citizen participation and service provision. The book will be useful for development scholars and practitioners who are interested in understanding the state of the province, and similar settings, and the degree to which it has emerged from the shadows of its colonial and apartheid legacies.

scholarly journals KONSEP WELLFARE STATE DI INDONEISA

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Winda Roselina Effendi
Keyword(s):  
Social Security ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Social Services ◽  
The State ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Market Economy System ◽  
Economy System

Walfare State concept born in the era of the 20th century as a correction of the development of the concept of the country as night watchman, the phenomenon of economic capitalism that gradually leads to lameness in the distribution of sources of prosperity. In the Walfare State concept, the state is required to extend its responsibility to the socio-economic problems facing the people. The functions of the state also include activities that were previously beyond the scope of state functions, such as extending the provision of social services to individuals and families in specific matters, such as social security. The role of the state can not be separated with Welfare State because the state that plays a role in managing the economy which includes the responsibility of the state to ensure the availability of basic welfare services in certain levels. Welfare State does not reject the existence of a capitalist market economy system but believes that there are elements in the public order that are more important than market objectives and can only be achieved by controlling and limiting the operation of such market mechanisms.Keywords: walfare state, country, economic systemKonsep Walfare State yang lahir di era abad ke-20 sebagai koreksi berkembangnya konsep negara sebagai penjaga malam, gejala kapitalisme perekonomian yang secara perlahan-lahan menyebabkan terjadinya kepincangan dalam pembagian sumber-sumber kemakmuran bersarma. Dalam konsep Walfare State, negara dituntut untuk memperluas tanggung jawabnya kepada masalah-masalah sosial ekonomi yang dihadapi rakyat. Fungsi negara juga meliputi kegiatan-kegiatan yang sebelumnya berada diluar jangkauan fungsi negara, seperti memperluas ketentuan pelayanan sosial kepada individu dan keluarga dalam hal-hal khusus, seperti social security, kesehatan.  Peran negara tidak bisa dipisahkan dengan Welfare State karena negara yang berperan dalam mengelola perekonomian yang yang di dalamnya mencakup tanggung jawab negara untuk menjamin ketersediaan pelayanan kesejahteraan dasar dalam tingkat tertentu. Welfare State tidak menolak keberadaan sistem ekonomi pasar kapitalis tetapi meyakini bahwa ada elemen-elemen dalam tatanan masyarakat yang lebih penting dari tujuan-tujuan pasar dan hanya dapat dicapai dengan mengendalikan dan membatasi bekerjanya mekanisme pasar tersebut. Kata Kunci: walfare state, negara,sistem ekonomi 

The Economic Role of the Greek City

1999 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Salmon
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Well Being ◽  
New Labour ◽  
Greek City ◽  
Economic Role ◽  
The Public ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Collapse Of Communism ◽  
Economic Well Being

The economic role of the state is controversial, even after the collapse of communism and the election of New Labour. The demand that governments get off the backs of wealth-creators has barely diminished since the 1980s; but some still urge control of private and corporate greed in the public interest. There is no sign of such controversy in Greek antiquity; but I shall suggest that the practice of the cities depended on political considerations which reveal comparable principles. All governments, whatever their complexion, now accept some responsibility for general economic well–being, even if their actions may amount to little more than a claim that prosperity will ‘trickle down’ from top to bottom. Numerous functions which would now be identified as economic were performed by Greek cities; after brief preliminaries to set the economic scene, I shall explore them, and try to determine why they were undertaken.

scholarly journals Economic risks of language policy and language culture of youth in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 136-150
Author(s):  
Olga Yu. Smyslova ◽  
Andrei A. Linchenko ◽  
Daria V. Lakomova
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Language Policy ◽  
Fundamental Problem ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Economic Risks

The purpose of the article was to classify and analyze the economic risks of language policy in Russia in the context of the peculiarities of the language culture of young people, as well as their ideas about the place and role of the Russian language in the economic development of Russia. The systemic nature of these risks, as well as the post-fundamentalist interpretation of political philosophy, allowed us to single out and classify the external and internal risks of language policy, as well as talk about the internal risks of language policy not only in the aspect of public policy (policy level), but also in the aspect of public activity and initiative (political level). It was revealed that the key problem of external risk management is the lack of certainty of the functional role of the Russian language. The key problem of managing internal risks is to change the emphasis of language policy from preserving the language situation to increasing human economic well-being, reducing language barriers as economic barriers. The fundamental problem of Russian language policy lies in the absolutization of the role of the state and its policy and insufficient attention to non-state actors, public organizations, communities and social groups as subjects of language policy. A reflection of the general inconsistency of modern Russian language policy is the state and peculiarities of the economic consciousness of young people, the study of which was undertaken by us in the aspect of the attitude and interpretation of foreign economic vocabulary by young people in Russian. It was found that, on the one hand, Russian youth demonstrates a positive attitude towards the possibility of finding and implementing Russian equivalents of foreign economic terms and concepts, and on the other hand, the study recorded an increase in skepticism towards this as young people grow up and are included in work and business. At the same time, it was revealed the importance of the educational sphere and the media as mediums for the transformation of language culture and tools of language policy.

scholarly journals Monopoly of State-Owned Enterprise of Social Justice

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Rory Jeff Akyuwen
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Public ◽  
The People ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
General Benefit ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right

The role of the state through BUMN becomes so important when it is formulated in a provision as formulated in Article 33 Paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution of the State of the Republic of Indonesia, where the production branches which are important for the State and which affect the livelihood of the public must be controlled by Country. Here it indicates the authority of the State to participate in economic activities through the operation of production branches that can be categorized as important for the State and considered vital and strategic for the interest of the State.This is based on the reasons as formulated in the explanatory section of Article 33 of the 1945 Constitution of the State of the Republic of Indonesia, so that the benefits of the production branches do not fall into the hands of individuals, the State actively takes the role to cultivate it because the production branch is considered important and which control the livelihood of the people for the greatest prosperity of the people. State-Owned Enterprises is formed with the aim of contributing to the development of the national economy in general and the state's revenue in particular; The pursuit of profit; To hold general benefit in the form of providing goods and / or services of high quality and adequate for the fulfillment of the livelihood of the public; Pioneering business activities that have not yet been implemented by the private sector and cooperatives and actively providing guidance and assistance to weak economic entrepreneurs, cooperatives, and communities.SOEs are given the right to monopoly in the economic field which is considered to control the livelihood of many people.

scholarly journals State and national culture in P.B. Struve’s writings (on the occasion of the 150th anniversary of his birth)

2020 ◽  
pp. 94-107
Author(s):  
E.M. Amelina
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
National Culture ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian History ◽  
National Belonging ◽  
State Culture ◽  
The People ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Seamless Connection

The author analyzes the views of the famous philosopher, sociologist and politician Petr Struve, whose ideas have enduring relevance in view of the problems of maintaining state unity and developing both culture and national identity. The main object of this research is Struve’s views on the essence of the state and national culture and on their role in the life of Russia. It is indicated that the position of the thinker presupposed a certain historiosophy – an interpretation of history as a process of development of spiritual culture. The features of Peter Struve’s liberal-conservatism and his understanding of the state as a “collective personality”, possessing a “superintelligent” nature are considered. The philosopher’s approach, which aimed at analyzing the seamless connection between state, culture and nationality is analyzed. The author considers how the thinker interpreted the essence of nationality and nationalism, as well as criticized the radical intelligentsia’s “official nationalism” and “absence of a feeling of national belonging”. She examines the philosopher’s views on the outstanding role of the state in Russian history and his understanding of such “fatal” reasons of its destruction as the insufficient involvement of the cultivated elements of the nobility in the ruling of the state as well as the belated abolition of serfdom law. The author also explains Struve’s views on the slogan of class struggle as decisively contributing to the cultural decomposition of the nation and to undermining the unity of the state. She also addresses the views of P.B. Struve, G.P. Fedotov and S.L. Frank concerning the reasons why the sense of national identity was weak in Russia. She concludes that, according to Struve, one of the reasons for the revolutionary radical upheavals in the country was the fact that the radical intelligentsia sowed in the broad masses of the people the ideological poison of “anti-state rebellion” and the “spirit of Bolshevism”. This contributed to a weak demand for national-state ideals and liberal-conservative ideas.

scholarly journals Political Patronage and Political Values: The Developmental Role of Political Patronage and its Impact on Shaping Political Values in Rural Uganda

Afrika Focus ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 43-67
Author(s):  
Kristof Titeca
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Informal Logic ◽  
Political Values ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The People ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Political Patronage ◽  
Developmental Role ◽  
Western Uganda

Political patronage and political values: The developmental role of political patronage and its impact on shaping political values in rural Uganda. This article points out the importance of neo-patrimonial theories in understanding local socio-political dynamics. Through the analysis of a case study in Western Uganda, it is firstly shown how within 'formal' state institutions, there is an 'informal' logic of competing political camps. These political camps, and their subsidiary networks of political patronage, have adverse effects for development. Secondly, this system has a profound impact on how people perceive the service-delivery functions of the state: people on the ground do not expect the state to be there for everyone, but only for the people of their 'political camp' or network. Also the role of the state is seen as strongly personalised, as the 'big men' are perceived to have taken over the service provision activities of the state.

Reassessing Mass Support for Political and Economic Change in the Former USSR

1994 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur H. Miller ◽  
Vicki L. Hesli ◽  
William M. Reisinger
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Economic Reform ◽  
Economic Change ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Individual Responsibility ◽  
Political Reforms ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Former Ussr

Using survey data collected in Russia, Ukraine, and Lithuanian in 1990–92, we reexamine findings reported by Finifter and Mickiewicz (1992). Our analysis indicates a significant link between political and economic reform orientations. Individuals who prefer political reforms of a democratic nature also favor a decreased role of the state in guaranteeing social well-being. In addition, our finding that better-educated Soviet and post-Soviet citizens are more likely than the less-well-educated to prefer individual responsibility for well-being is in direct contradiction to the findings reported by Finifter and Mickiewicz. The differences in the two sets of conclusions give rise to very different substantive conclusions regarding the economic and political changes now occurring in these societies.

scholarly journals The Historical, Cultural, and Religious Significance of the Elephant in Thai Society

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1(50)) ◽  
pp. 220-231
Author(s):  
Elena A. Fomicheva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
State Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Religious Significance ◽  
The People ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Elephant Population ◽  
Historical Phenomenon ◽  
Indian Elephant

In this paper the author considers the cultural and historical phenomenon of the elephant in the life of the Thais as a manifestation of coexistence of nature and man. The role of the State policy in preserving the Indian elephant population in Thailand and in educating the people to respect the elephant and its cults is emphasized. The researcher focuses on the Hindu origin of the mystical cult of the elephant. The phenomenon of worship of the deity Eravana, Ganesha, and the white elephant is considered.

MANAGING THE DEVELOPMENT OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF CURRENT CHALLENGES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ольга Крайник
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The State ◽  
Local Economies ◽  
Management Planning ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Changing Role

The article considers the changing role of the state and local governments in the development of local economies in modern conditions. Decentralization caused the decreased role of the state in ensuring the development of local economies. At the same time, the significance of territorial management bodies aimed at improving the level and quality of life in their communities increased. Today, local authorities can render quality services to residents of the territorial community employing innovative approaches to management, planning, and technological support for the development. The financial support for the development of territorial communities takes a special place in the implementation of these ambitious plans. Therefore, a special task for the newly created governing bodies is to increase the level of financial security and well-being of the residents of the territorial community.

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