Energy-Efficient Transaction Serialization for IoT Devices

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Evans
Keyword(s):  
Data Structure ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Minimal Processing ◽  
Processor Time ◽  
Loss Of Information ◽  
Xml Document ◽  
Dynamic Storage ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Performance Comparisons

Two designs, the Transaction Serial Format (TSF) and the Transaction Array Model (TAM), are presented. Together, they provide full, efficient, transaction serialization facilities for devices with limited onboard energy, such as those in an Internet of Things (IoT) network. TSF provides a compact, non-parsed, format for transactions, which can be deserialized with minimal processing. TAM provides an internal data structure, that can be constructed with minimal dynamic storage directly using the elements of TSF. TSF is built from simple lexical units that do not require parsing to be extracted from a serialized transaction. The lexical units contain enough information to efficiently allocate the internal TAM data structure. TSF generality is shown by exhibiting its equivalence to XML and JSON. The TSF representation of any XML document or JSON object can be serialized and deserialized without loss of information, including whitespace. The XML equivalence provides a foundation for the performance comparisons. TSF efficiency is shown by comparing the performance of reference implementations of TSF and TAM, written in C, to the performance of the popular Expat XML library, also written in C. TSF deserialization is shown to reduce processor time by more than 80%, demonstrating the efficiency of the design.

scholarly journals An IoT-Based Network for Smart Urbanization

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Sabeeh Ahmad Saeed ◽  
Farrukh Zeeshan Khan ◽  
Zeshan Iqbal ◽  
Roobaea Alroobaea ◽  
Muneer Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Data Structure ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Sink Node ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Data Format ◽  
Iot Devices

Internet of Things (IoT) is considered one of the world’s ruling technologies. Billions of IoT devices connected together through IoT forming smart cities. As the concept grows, it is very challenging to design an infrastructure that is capable of handling large number of devices and process data effectively in a smart city paradigm. This paper proposed a structure for smart cities. It is implemented using a lightweight easy to implement network design and a simpler data format for information exchange that is suitable for developing countries like Pakistan. Using MQTT as network protocol, different sensor nodes were deployed for collecting data from the environment. Environmental factors like temperature, moisture, humidity, and percentage of CO2 and methane gas were recorded and transferred to sink node for information sharing over the IoT cloud using an MQTT broker that can be accessed any time using Mosquitto client. The experiment results provide the performance analysis of the proposed network at different QoS levels for the MQTT protocol for IoT-based smart cities. JSON structure is used to formulate the communication data structure for the proposed system.

scholarly journals Adjusting Group Communication in Dense Internet of Things Networks with Heterogeneous Energy Sources

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Mota ◽  
André Riker ◽  
Denis Rosário
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Group Communication ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Extensive Evaluation ◽  
Message Loss ◽  
Loss Event ◽  
Iot Devices

Internet-of-Things (IoT) environments will have a large number of nodes organized into groups to collect and to disseminate data. In this sense, one of the main challenges in IoT environments is to dynamically manage communication characteristics of IoT devices to decrease congestion, traffic collisions, and excessive data collection, as well as to balance the use of energy resources. In this paper, we introduce an energy-efficient and reliable Self Adjusting group communication of dense IoT Network, called SADIN. It configures the communication settings to ensure a dynamic control of IoT devices considering a comprehensive set of aspects, i.e., traffic loss, event relevance, amount of nodes with renewable batteries, and the number of observers. Specifically, SADIN changes the communication interval, the number of data producers, the reliability level of the network. Extensive evaluation results show that SADIN improves system performance in terms of message loss, energy consumption, and reliability compared to state-of-the-art protocol.

scholarly journals Mobility-Centric Analysis of Communication Offloading for Heterogeneous Internet of Things Devices

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Kozyrev ◽  
Aleksandr Ometov ◽  
Dmitri Moltchanov ◽  
Vladimir Rykov ◽  
Dmitry Efrosinin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Power Efficiency ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Mathematical Framework ◽  
Content Dissemination ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Infrastructure

Today, the number of interconnected Internet of Things (IoT) devices is growing tremendously followed by an increase in the density of cellular base stations. This trend has an adverse effect on the power efficiency of communication, since each new infrastructure node requires a significant amount of energy. Numerous enablers are already in place to offload the scarce cellular spectrum, thus allowing utilization of more energy-efficient short-range radio technologies for user content dissemination, such as moving relay stations and network-assisted direct connectivity. In this work, we contribute a new mathematical framework aimed at analyzing the impact of network offloading on the probabilistic characteristics related to the quality of service and thus helping relieve the energy burden on infrastructure network deployments.

scholarly journals ScalEdge: A framework for scalable edge computing in Internet of things–based smart systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 155014772110353
Author(s):  
Mohammad Babar ◽  
Muhammad Sohail Khan
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Edge Computing ◽  
Computation Offloading ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Efficient Computation ◽  
Smart Systems ◽  
Iot Devices ◽  
Delay Tolerant

Edge computing brings down storage, computation, and communication services from the cloud server to the network edge, resulting in low latency and high availability. The Internet of things (IoT) devices are resource-constrained, unable to process compute-intensive tasks. The convergence of edge computing and IoT with computation offloading offers a feasible solution in terms of performance. Besides these, computation offload saves energy, reduces computation time, and extends the battery life of resource constrain IoT devices. However, edge computing faces the scalability problem, when IoT devices in large numbers approach edge for computation offloading requests. This research article presents a three-tier energy-efficient framework to address the scalability issue in edge computing. We introduced an energy-efficient recursive clustering technique at the IoT layer that prioritizes the tasks based on weight. Each selected task with the highest weight value offloads to the edge server for execution. A lightweight client–server architecture affirms to reduce the computation offloading overhead. The proposed energy-efficient framework for IoT algorithm makes efficient computation offload decisions while considering energy and latency constraints. The energy-efficient framework minimizes the energy consumption of IoT devices, decreases computation time and computation overhead, and scales the edge server. Numerical results show that the proposed framework satisfies the quality of service requirements of both delay-sensitive and delay-tolerant applications by minimizing energy and increasing the lifetime of devices.

Energy-Efficient System Design for Internet of Things (IoT) Devices

2019 ◽  
pp. 49-74
Author(s):  
Neeta Singh ◽  
Sachin Kumar ◽  
Binod Kumar Kanaujia ◽  
Hyun Chul Choi ◽  
Kang Wook Kim
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
System Design ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Iot Devices

scholarly journals Energy Efficient Cooperative Computation Algorithm in Energy Harvesting Internet of Things

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 4050 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haneul Ko ◽  
Jaewook Lee ◽  
Seokwon Jang ◽  
Joonwoo Kim ◽  
Sangheon Pack
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Outage Probability ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Strategy Evaluation ◽  
Battery Capacity ◽  
Markov Decision ◽  
Computation Algorithm ◽  
Cooperative Computation ◽  
Iot Devices

The limited battery capacity of Internet of Things (IoT) devices is a major deployment barrier for IoT-based computing systems. In this paper, we propose an energy efficient cooperative computation algorithm (EE-CCA). In an EE-CCA, a pair of IoT devices decide whether to offload some parts of the task to the opponent by considering their energy levels and the task deadline. To minimize the energy outage probability while completing most of tasks before their deadlines, we formulate a constraint Markov decision process (CMDP) problem and the optimal offloading strategy is obtained by linear programming (LP). Meanwhile, an optimization problem of finding pairs of IoT devices (i.e., IoT device pairing problem) is formulated under the optimal offloading strategy. Evaluation results demonstrate that the EE-CCA can reduce the energy outage probability up to 78 % compared with the random offloading scheme while completing tasks before their deadlines with high probability.

Internet of things-based energy-efficient optimized heuristic framework to monitor sportsperson’s health

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Cui Meng Yao ◽  
Parthasarathy Poovendran ◽  
S. Stewart Kirubakaran
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Current Medical Research ◽  
Performance Ratio ◽  
Accuracy Ratio ◽  
Fitness Tracking ◽  
Iot Devices

BACKGROUND: Recently, wearable technologies have gained attention in diverse applications of the medical platform to guarantee the health and safety of the sportsperson with the assistance of the Internet of things (IoT) device. The IoT device’s topology varies due to the shift in users’ orientation and accessibility, making it impossible to assign resources, and routing strategies have been considered the prominent factor in the current medical research. Further, for sportspersons with sudden cardiac arrests, hospital survival rates are low in which wearable IoT devices play a significant role. OBJECTIVE: In this paper, the energy efficient optimized heuristic framework (EEOHF) has been proposed and implemented on a wearable device of the sportsperson’s health monitoring system. METHOD: The monitoring system has been designed with cloud assistance to locate the nearest health centers during an emergency. The wearable sensor technologies have been used with an optimized energy-efficient algorithm that helps athletes monitor their health during physical workouts. The monitoring system has fitness tracking devices, in which health information is gathered, and workout logs are tracked using EEOHF. The proposed method is applied to evaluate and track the sportsperson’s fitness based on case study analysis. RESULTS: The simulation results have been analyzed, and the proposed EEOHF achieves a high accuracy ratio of 97.8%, a performance ratio of 95.3%, and less energy consumption of 9.4%, delay of 13.1%, and an average runtime of 98.2% when compared to other existing methods.

scholarly journals Lightweight Secure MQTT for Mobility Enabled e-health Internet of Things

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adil Bashir ◽  
Ajaz Hussain Mir
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Health System ◽  
Assisted Living ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Transport Layer ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Security Services ◽  
Iot Devices

Internet of Things (IoT) is a smart interconnection of miniature sensors, enabling association of large number of smart objects ranging from assisted living and e-health to smart cities. IoT devices are equipped with limited resources in terms of power, memory and processing capabilities, therefore, presenting novel challenges to security. The purpose of this paper is to design energy efficient security mechanism for IoT based e-health system in which medical data is encrypted using lightweight cryptographic operations. The proposed scheme provides end-to-end data confidentiality for mobility enabled e-health IoT system. Our security scheme is simple and can be computed quickly on scarce resourced motes while providing required security services. Further, the mobility of patients is managed securely without the need of frequent reconfigurations during their movement within hospital/home premises. The evaluation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme reduces energy utilization to 17.84% and increases longevity of motes by 5.6 times compared to Certificate-Based Datagram Transport Layer Security (CB-DTLS). Energy consumption in configuration handover during mobility is handled by resource-rich devices, which make this scheme efficient in managing mobility of sensors. This work can be used as a basis for future research on securing patient data in an e-health system using energy efficient cryptographic operations.

PROJECT ENGINEERING & FEASIBILITY: A BRIEF REVIEW

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAYDIP DATTA
Keyword(s):  
Data Structure ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Management System ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Operation Management ◽  
Energy Audit ◽  
Industrial Economics ◽  
Industrial Project ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Energy Efficient Building

In this Review we will point out some key aspects of Industrial Project Feasibility w.r.t Optimization, Operation Management, Energy Audit necessary to make a project successful . Continued Work : OPTIMISATION: A VIEW FROM INDUSTRIAL ECONOMICS ,DATA STRUCTURE & MANAGEMENT SYSTEM : AN INTEGRATED ,CHEMICAL ENGINEERING : A VIEW FROM MY EXPERIANCE ,. ND FEBBRAIO 2020 , Chapter 6 , Energy efficient building , pp. 58-61

Bringing Security to The Smallest Embedded Systems

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOSEPH YIU
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Embedded Systems ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Significant Challenge ◽  
Iot Devices

The increasing need for security in microcontrollers Security has long been a significant challenge in microcontroller applications(MCUs). Traditionally, many microcontroller systems did not have strong security measures against remote attacks as most of them are not connected to the Internet, and many microcontrollers are deemed to be cheap and simple. With the growth of IoT (Internet of Things), security in low cost microcontrollers moved toward the spotlight and the security requirements of these IoT devices are now just as critical as high-end systems due to:

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