Apparent Densities of Stomoxys species (Diptera, Muscidae) of different Physiological Ages caught with Vavoua Trap differ With Landscape and trapping period

Stable flies (Stomoxys spp.) are common pests of livestock in the peri-urban rangelands of Vina Division of the Adamawa Plateau. No documented information is available on their diurnal dynamics in relation to physiological age and landscape. The main aim of this study was to determine the trap apparent density (ADT) of Stomoxys and associate it to their diurnal activity rhythm and landscape. Vavoua traps (n=12) were used for Stomoxys collection. Trapping was carried out for seven days i.e. three days consecutively in August and four days consecutively in October, 2016. Three traps were pitched in each of the three biotopes (river, cattle corral and gallery forest) of the four study sites (Galim, Mbidjoro, Velambai and Soukourwo). All female Stomoxys captured underwent ovarian dissection for the determination of their physiological ages (parous or nulliparous). A total of 218 Stomoxys were caught and identified into four species (S. niger niger, S. omega, S. calcitrans, and S. xanthomelas) with an overall ADT of 2.59 flies per trap per day and Stomoxys niger niger (1.13 s.n.n. per trap per day) recorded the highest ADT. Species richness was study site dependent. Higher catches of females 113 (51.83%) were made than that of their male 105 (48.17%) counterparts. Galim recorded the highest Stomoxys apparent density (4.90) as compared to other sites with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). The proportion of parous 87 (59.30%) was higher than that of their nulliparous 46 (40.71%) counterparts. Parity differed with landscape and capture periods. S. n. niger was the most frequent in all biotopes and Galim recorded the highest ADT. The population of female flies was made up of adults (parous) with a bimodal diurnal activity rhythm whereas males had a unimodal activity rhythm.

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Species Composition and Diurnal Activity Rhythm of Tabanids (Diptera: Tabanidae) at the Ivindo National Park and Its Environs

Asian Journal of Research in Zoology ◽

10.9734/ajriz/2019/v2i230062 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Affiri Odzame Joseph-Marie ◽

Sevidzem Silas Lendzele ◽

Zinga Koumba Christophe Roland ◽

Mounioko Franck ◽

Koumba Armel Aubin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Composition ◽

Activity Pattern ◽

Rainy Season ◽

National Park ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Activity Rhythm ◽

Biosphere Reserve ◽

Diurnal Activity ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Village

An entomological prospection to show the species composition and diurnal activity of tabanids was carried out using 15 Vavoua traps, during the rainy season (25th Sept-5th Oct and 21st Oct-9th Nov 2018), in the secondary forest [Ivindo National Park (INP)] and Village-Town sites in and around the biosphere reserve Ipassa-IRET Makokou in Gabon. In total, 839 tabanids were caught with 747 recorded at INP and regrouped under 11 species of the genus Tabanus [T. taeniola (57.76%), T. ricardae (26.32%), T. par (5.54%), T. ruficrus (3.74%), T. socius (3.74%), T. disjunctus (2.49%), T. marmorosus (0.28%) and T. obscurehirtus (0.14%)]. However, two species of the genus Chrysops [C. dimidiatus (70.83%) and C. silaceus (29.17%)] and one species of the genus Haematopota [H. pluvialis (100%)] were only identified at INP. While in the Village-Town sites, 92 tabanids were caught and regrouped under five species of the genus Tabanus [T. ruficrus (14.13%), T. taeniola (9.78%), T. ricardae (73.91%), T. par (1.09%), and T. marmorosus (1.09%)]. Tabanids were more abundant in the forest (7.12 tabanid/trap/day) as compared to the Village-Town (0.77 t/t/d) with a statistically significant difference (P<0.05). At INP, tabanids showed a unimodal activity pattern with peak attained between 12-14H and in the anthropized milieu (14-16H) and dominated by females.

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High Frequency and Activity of Glossina spp., Vectors of Human African Trypanosomiasis along a Secondary Forest-Man Made Transect in Makokou (North East-Gabon)

Asian Journal of Biology ◽

10.9734/ajob/2019/v8i230058 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Zinga-Koumba Christophe Roland ◽

Sevidzem Silas Lendzele ◽

Affiri Odzame Joseph-Marie ◽

Mounioko Franck ◽

Koumba Armel Aubin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

High Frequency ◽

Human African Trypanosomiasis ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Activity Rhythm ◽

Biosphere Reserve ◽

Diurnal Activity ◽

North East ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Village

The abundance, species diversity and diurnal activity rhythm of hematophagous glossineswere evaluated by trapping using 15 Vavoua traps, during the rainy season (25th Sept-5th Oct to 21st Oct-9th Nov 2018), in two habitats: secondary forest and Anthropised milieu, in the biosphere reserve Ipassa-IRET Makokou in Gabon. In total, 489 glossines were caught with 245 collected from Village-Town site and regrouped under 4 species [G.p.palpalis (32.17%), G. frezili (36.23%), G. nashi (29.57%) and G. f. fuscipes (2.03%)] while 244 were collected from forest and regrouped under 3 species [G.p.palpalis (61.48%), G. nashi (28.69%) and G. frezili (0.84%)]. The abundance of glossines was higher in the Village-Town milieu (2.88 g/t/d) as compared to the forest (2.34 g/t/d) with no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). Glossines showed a unimodal diurnal activity rhythm with peak between 10h-12h in the two milieu and was dominated by females.

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Age-dependance of pteridines in the malaria vector, Anopheles stephensi

Pteridines ◽

10.1515/pterid-2017-0009 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 28 (3-4) ◽

pp. 157-161 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hamideh Edalat ◽

Mohammad Akhoundi ◽

Hamidreza Basseri

Keyword(s):

Anopheles Stephensi ◽

Age Determination ◽

Ring Structure ◽

Physiological Age ◽

Whole Body ◽

Malaria Vectors ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Age Grading ◽

Linear Manner

AbstractDetermining the accurate age of malaria vectors is crucial to measure the risk of malaria transmission. A group of fluorescent chemicals derived from a pyrimidine-pyrazine ring structure known as pteridines from the head, thorax and whole body of adult female Anopheles stephensi were identified and evaluated as a tool for chronological and physiological age determination of malaria vectors. The female mosquitoes were collected from an insectary colony at an interval of every 5 days, up to 30 days, and the pteridines of head, thorax and whole body were detected fluorometrically by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) using excitation and emission wavelengths of 365 and 455 nm, respectively. In addition, alteration of the pteridines compounds was compared between blood and sugar fed mosquito groups. Although four pteridines including pterin-6-carboxylic acid, biopterin, xanthopterin and isoxanthopterin were detected, some of them were absent in the head or thorax of mosquitoes. Levels of all four pteridines were similarly decreased in a linear manner throughout 30 days. No significant difference in alteration of pteridine compounds was observed between the two groups of blood or sugar fed mosquitoes. This result indicates that diet has a little effect on pteridines alteration. Age determination based on pteridines, as an age-grading technique, could be used for field collected mosquitoes, which have either sugar or blood meal. In addition, analyzing total pteridine fluorescence from only whole body could be a convenient method to estimate the age.

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Ecological Aspects of Tabanids (Diptera: Tabanidae) in a Gabonese Cattle Ranch

10.5772/intechopen.95062 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ovono Mélodie Audrey Prisca ◽

Mounioko Franck ◽

Zinga Koumba Christophe Roland ◽

Koumba Aubin Armel ◽

Sevidzem Silas Lendzele ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Daily Activity ◽

Diversity Index ◽

Activity Rhythm ◽

Abundant Species ◽

Diurnal Activity ◽

Ecological Aspects ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Division 1 ◽

Cattle Ranch ◽

Division 2

To embark on an anti-vectorial fight against mechanical vectors of animal trypanosomosis, investigations were undertaken in order to determine the abundance, species diversity and daily activity of tabanids in a cattle ranch in Gabon. The nzi and vavoua traps were used to catch tabanids in three divisions of this ranch. In this study, 616 tabanids were captured: 349 (56.66%) in Division 1, 226 (36.69%) in Division 2 and 41 (6.66%) in Division 3. In the first Division, T. taeniola was the most abundant species with an Apparent Density (ADT) of 2.2, followed by H. pluvialis (ADT = 1.05). In the second Division, H. pluvialis was most abundant with ADT of 1.6, followed by T. taeniola (ADT = 0.38). In the last Division, the most abundant species was H. pluvialis (ADT = 0.15). Comparing the relative abundance of catches with sites (Divisions), we realized that there was no statistically significant difference in catches with trapping sites. It was noticed that Division 3 recorded the highest diversity index values. We realized that the nzi trap recorded higher tabanid catches than the vavoua trap. The diurnal activity rhythm of the most frequent species encountered slightly differed with prospection sites.

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Abundance and Diurnal Activity Rhythm of Stomoxys spp. in a Wildlife-human Interface in Makokou (North East-Gabon)

Asian Journal of Research in Zoology ◽

10.9734/ajriz/2019/v2i230064 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Sevidzem Silas Lendzele ◽

Affiri Odzame Joseph-Marie ◽

Zinga-Koumba Christophe Roland ◽

Mounioko Franck ◽

Koumba Armel Aubin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

National Park ◽

Activity Rhythm ◽

Base Line ◽

Diurnal Activity ◽

Human Interface ◽

North East ◽

Forest Sites ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Set Up ◽

The Village

The aim of the study was to determine the abundance and diurnal activity rhythm of Stomoxyinae at the Ivindo National park and its environs, 14 Vavoua traps were set-up during the rainy season (25th Sept-5th Oct and 21st Oct-9th Nov 2018), in two habitats: the forest, a part of the Ivindo National Park (INP) and village-Town. In the Village-Town habitat, 62141 Stomoxys were caught and regrouped under five species notably 36502 S. omega (58.74%), 24045 S. n. niger (38.69%), 1312 S. xanthomelas (2.11%), 265 S. n. bilineatus (0.43%) and 17 S. calcitrans (0.03%). At the INP, 4645 Stomoxys were caught and regrouped under four species notably 2364 S. n. niger (50.89%), 2153 S. omega (46.35%), 114 S. xanthomelas (2.45%) and 14 S. n. bilineatus (0.30%). Stomoxys were more abundant in the village (517.84 s/t/d) as compared to the INP (44.24 s/t/d). There was a statistically significant difference (P<0.05) in apparent density of Stomoxys in the prospected biotopes. Stomoxys spp. showed a unimodal activity pattern in Village-Town environments and forest sites of the INP. The diurnal activity trend of Stomoxys spp. was sex dependent. This base line data will be used in Stomoxys spp. management in the environs of the INP.

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Detection of Circulating Tissue Factor and Factor VII in a Normal Population

Thrombosis and Haemostasis ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1650365 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 75 (05) ◽

pp. 772-777 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Sybille Albrecht ◽

Matthias Kotzsch ◽

Gabriele Siegert ◽

Thomas Luther ◽

Heinz Großmann ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tissue Factor ◽

Normal Population ◽

Mean Value ◽

Factor Vii ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Age Dependent ◽

The Mean ◽

Highly Correlated ◽

And Gender

SummaryThe plasma tissue factor (TF) concentration was correlated to factor VII concentration (FVIIag) and factor VII activity (FVIIc) in 498 healthy volunteers ranging in age from 17 to 64 years. Immunoassays using monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were developed for the determination of TF and FVIIag in plasma. The mAbs and the test systems were characterized. The mean value of the TF concentration was 172 ± 135 pg/ml. TF showed no age- and gender-related differences. For the total population, FVIIc, determined by a clotting test, was 110 ± 15% and the factor VIlag was 0.77 ± 0.19 μg/ml. FVII activity was significantly increased with age, whereas the concentration demonstrated no correlation to age in this population. FVII concentration is highly correlated with the activity as measured by clotting assay using rabbit thromboplastin. The ratio between FVIIc and FVIIag was not age-dependent, but demonstrated a significant difference between men and women. Between TF and FVII we could not detect a correlation.

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Improvement Of Curvilinear Diagrams Of Concrete Deformation

Promyshlennoe i Grazhdanskoe Stroitel stvo ◽

10.33622/0869-7019.2019.08.99-104 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 99-104

Keyword(s):

Reinforced Concrete ◽

Peak Load ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Concrete Structures ◽

Deformation Model ◽

Reinforced Concrete Structures ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Deformation Diagrams

Problems when calculating reinforced concrete structures based on the concrete deformation under compression diagram, which is presented both in Russian and foreign regulatory documents on the design of concrete and reinforced concrete structures are considered. The correctness of their compliance for all classes of concrete remains very approximate, especially a significant difference occurs when using Euronorm due to the different shape and sizes of the samples. At present, there are no methodical recommendations for determining the ultimate relative deformations of concrete under axial compression and the construction of curvilinear deformation diagrams, which leads to limited experimental data and, as a result, does not make it possible to enter more detailed ultimate strain values into domestic standards. The results of experimental studies to determine the ultimate relative deformations of concrete under compression for different classes of concrete, which allowed to make analytical dependences for the evaluation of the ultimate relative deformations and description of curvilinear deformation diagrams, are presented. The article discusses various options for using the deformation model to assess the stress-strain state of the structure, it is concluded that it is necessary to use not only the finite values of the ultimate deformations, but also their intermediate values. This requires reliable diagrams "s–e” for all classes of concrete. The difficulties of measuring deformations in concrete subjected to peak load, corresponding to the prismatic strength, as well as main cracks that appeared under conditions of long-term step loading are highlighted. Variants of more accurate measurements are proposed. Development and implementation of the new standard GOST "Concretes. Methods for determination of complete diagrams" on the basis of the developed method for obtaining complete diagrams of concrete deformation under compression for the evaluation of ultimate deformability of concrete under compression are necessary.

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