Evaluation of herbicides and manual weed control methods in the establishment of Theobroma cacao L. in Cross River State of Nigeria

Field trial was conducted at the Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria (CRIN), Ajassor substation, Cross River State, Nigeria between 2015 and 2017 to evaluate the effect of different weed control methods on the growth and yield of cocoa during their early years of establishment. Glyphosate and paraquat were applied at 480, 720, 960 and 1440 gram of active ingredient per hectare using very low volume (g a.i. ha-1 vlv) while manual weeding (i.e. slashing with cutlass) was used as the control. A Nigeria commercial cocoa variety Tc series, also known as 18-month cocoa, was established at a CRIN recommended spacing of 3 x 3 m, laid out in a Complete Randomized Block Design with four replications. All young cocoa stands were ring weeded at 50 cm diameter and covered with black polythene bags before the spraying of herbicides during the first six months of establishment to reduce injury that could result from the drifting of herbicide solution to plants during their early growth stage. Data was collected on the plant height, stem girth and number of leaves of cocoa plants while the cocoa dry beans weight and labour cost for each treatment were determined. The results showed that 960 g a.i. ha-1 vlv was the best herbicide application rate while plots under glyphosate at 960 g a.i. ha-1 vlv produced significantly higher values of plant height, stem girth and number of leaves at (p=0.05) than both paraquat at 960 g a.i. ha-1 vlv and manual weeding. Labour cost for controlling weeds with either glyphosate or paraquat at all application rates were considerably lower than cost for control (manual weeding). Glyphosate at 960 g a.i. ha-1 vlv is recommended for weed control in cocoa plantation because it encouraged higher growth and yield performance of cocoa than other treatments, had considerably cheaper cost of application than paraquat at 960 g a.i. ha-1 vlv and manual weeding, and it also ensured a weed-free environment over a longer period of time than the other treatments.

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EFFECTS OF POULTRY MANURE AND WEED CONTROL METHODS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SESAME VARIETIES

FUDMA Journal of Sciences ◽

10.33003/fjs-2020-0402-195 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 8-15

Author(s):

O. Danmaigoro ◽

M. I. Zamfara ◽

H. Yakubu ◽

Musa M. Umar

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Weed Control ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Poultry Manure ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Field Trials ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Control Methods ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Sudan Savanna

Field trials were conducted in 2017 and 2018 wet seasons at Federal University Dutse Teaching and Research Farm (Latitude 11 46, 39”N and Longitude 9 20, 30”E) in the Sudan Savanna of Nigeria. To evaluate performance of sesame varieties as affected by poultry manure and weed control methods. The treatments consisted of five weed control treatments (pre-emergence application of ButachlorEC50%, hoe weeding at 3WAS +pre-emergence butachlor EC50%, pre-emergence butachlor EC50%+hoe weeding at 3 and 6WAS, hoe weeding @ 3 and 6WAS and weedy check), three level of poultry manure (5, 10, and 15t/ha) and three sesame varieties (Ben 01, Yandev 55 and Ben 04E. The treatments were laid out in split plot design and replicated three times. The results indicated that weed control methods had significant effect (0.05) on the sesame growth and seed yield comparable to hoe weeding control at 3 and 6WAS where plant height number of leaves, capsule number per plant and seed yield of sesame were significant higher with the application of butachlor plus hoe weeding at 3 and 6WAS compared to others weed control methods. Poultry manure application on sesame as 15t/ha gave taller plant height, more number of leaves, higher sesame dry weight, longer capsule length and seed yield of sesame than the other rates while Ben 01(455 and 1043 ) perform better than the others two varieties (Yandev 498, 756 and Ben4E 522 and 765 ) for 2017 and 2018 seasons. In conclusion,

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Effect of neem fertilizer rates and weed control methods on the growth and yield of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) merrill) in north Central Nigeria

Journal of Agriculture and Food Sciences ◽

10.4314/jafs.v19i1.3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 31-47

Author(s):

Y. Garba ◽

Z. Yakubu ◽

A.I. Yakubu ◽

J. Alhassan ◽

M. Gana ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Block Design ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Control Methods ◽

North Central ◽

Glycine Max L ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Experimental Treatments ◽

Fertilizer Rates

Two field experiments were conducted at the Research Farm of the Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Niger State during the 2018 and 2019 rainy seasons to determine the effect of neem fertilizer rates and weed control methods on the growth and yields of soybeans. The experimental treatments were made up of four neem fertilizer rates (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg ha-1) and six weed control methods (pendimethalin at 1.5 kg a.i ha-1 followed by one hoe weeding, pendimethalin at 2.0 kg a.i. ha-1 followed by diuron at 1.5 kg a.i ha-1, weeding once at 3 WAS, weeding twice at 3 and 6 WAS, weed free and weedy check. The experiment was a 3 × 3 factorial experiment laid out in a Randomize complete block design replicated three times. TGX 1448 – 2E variety of soybean was used for the study. Result showed that weed control efficiency was better with the use of 150 kg ha-1 of neem fertilizer, while decrease in weed dry matter was obtained at 50 kg ha-1. Increase in number of leaves and leaf area were encouraged with 150 kg ha-1 of neem fertilizer. Weed free treatments recorded the highest grain yield and 100 seed weight of soybean. Pendimethalin at 1.5 or 2.0 kg a.i ha-1 supplemented with one hoe weeding or diuron at 1.5 kg a.i ha-1 respectively can be an alternative for better control of weeds to obtain greater yield of soybean in the study area.

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Effects of Poultry Manure on the Growth and Yield of Basil Plant (Ocimun gratissimum) in a Tropical Utilsol Soil

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International ◽

10.9734/jeai/2019/v38i330300 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

O. A. Agba

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Block Design ◽

Economic Value ◽

Poultry Manure ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Cross River ◽

Cross River State ◽

Ocimum Gratissimum ◽

Index Value

Ocimum gratissimum commonly called Basil plant or scent leaf is one of the less known, neglected vegetable with high economic value as food, medicinal and industrial uses. Studies were therefore conducted to determine the effects of poultry manure on the growth and yield of Ocimum gratissimum in the Teaching and research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Cross River University of Technology, Obubra , Cross River State, Nigeria. The experiment has nine (9) rates of poultry manure: 0, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0, 6.5 t/ha laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The application of poultry manure at 3- 4t/ha was more beneficial than higher rates. Results showed that poultry manure significantly (p>0.05) increased number of leaves, branches per plant and plant height. The highest Leaf index value plant height, leaves and branches per plant was obtained at 16weeks after planting with 6.5 t/ha. Poultry manure. While 4t/ha poultry manure gave the highest growth rate, Leaf fresh yield, dry matter of leaf, stem and seed yield per plant and per hectare. Farmers are advise to apply 3-4t/ha of poultry manure to cultivate Ocimum gratissimum for optimum growth and seed yield under the utilsol conditions .

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Weed control efficacy of hoe weeding and commercially formulated mixture of metolachlor + prometryn herbicide under maize production in soil amended with biochar

Agricultura tropica et subtropica ◽

10.2478/ats-2019-0008 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 52 (2) ◽

pp. 73-78

Author(s):

Olusegun Raphael Adeyemi ◽

David Obaloluwa Hosu ◽

Patience Mojibade Olorunmaiye ◽

Adeniyi Adebowale Soretire ◽

Joseph Aremu Adigun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Weed Control ◽

Block Design ◽

Maize Yield ◽

Field Trials ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Control Methods ◽

Maize Production ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Manual Weeding

Abstract Successful cultivation of maize depends largely on efficient weed control, adequate supply of essential nutrients and sufficient soil moisture. Screenhouse and field trials were conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria during the early and late cropping season of 2013 to evaluate effects of biochar integrated with manual weeding and pre-emergence herbicides on weed control efficiency and productivity of maize. The screenhouse trial was a 6 × 5 factorial experiment fitted into Completely Randomized Design in three replicates. The two factors were biochar: 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 t ha−1 and weed control methods: weedy check, hoe weeding at 6 Weeks After Sowing (WAS), hoe weeding at 3, 6, and 9 WAS, pre-emergence herbicide application (Codal Gold) at 1.0 and 2.0 kg a.i./ha−1. The field trial was laid out in split-plot arrangement fitted into Randomized Complete Block Design with three replicates. The three main treatments plots on the field consisted of the optimum rates of biochar obtained in the screenhouse (10 t ha−1) compared with 20 t ha−1 and 0 t ha−1 which served as the control. The sub-plots treatments consisted of weed control methods used in the screen house experiment. Data were collected on grain yield and weed dry matter. The result showed that biochar at 10 and 20 t ha−1 in the screenhouse and field trials, respectively, resulted in significantly (P < 0.05) higher grain yield compared with other rates tested. Highest grain yield was obtained in pots hoe weeded thrice at 3, 6 and 9 WAS. Whereas similar grain yield was recorded in plot weeded once at 6 WAS and that hoe weeded at 3, 6 and 9 WAS in the field experiment. Biochar application of 20 t ha−1 gave optimum maize yield. Among the weed control treatments manual weeding either at 6 WAS or at 3, 6 and 9 WAS recorded the highest grain yields. Therefore, incorporation of biochar with either preemergence herbicide or manual hoe weeding would enhance the growth and yield of maize.

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TOLERÂNCIA DO FEIJÃO-CAUPI A DIFERENTES HERBICIDAS APLICADOS EM PÓS-EMERGÊNCIA

Colloquium Agrariae ◽

10.5747/ca.2018.v14.n3.a238 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 160-168

Author(s):

Ruan Medeiros Cavalcante ◽

Rommel Santos Siqueira Gomes ◽

Gilmar Silva Nunes ◽

Túlio Gondim Alves ◽

Renato Francisco da Silva Souza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Plant Height ◽

Weed Control ◽

Stem Diameter ◽

High Tolerance ◽

Severe Damage ◽

Stage Of Development ◽

Initial Stage ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Manual Weeding

One of the obstacles to the production of cowpea is the intensity of weed infestations that may interfere with its productivity. The objective of this work was to evaluate the tolerance of cowpea, cultivar BRS Guariba, to the herbicides Linuromand Quizalofope-P Etílico, in the initial stage of development of the crop. The experiment was conducted in sequestrationsystem, emergency irrigation underfield conditions in experimental design with randomized blocks, nine treatments and four replicates. The treatments evaluated were: 50% Quizalofope-P-Ethyl; 50% of Linurom; 100% Quizalofope-P-Ethyl; 100% of Linurom; 50% Quizalofope-P-Ethyl+ 50% Linurom; 50% Quizalofope-P-Ethyl+ 100% Linurom; 100% Quizalofope-P-Ethyl+ 50% Linurom; 100% of Quizalofope-P-Ethyl+ 100% of Linurom,and Manual weeding (control). Visual evaluations of weed control, phytotoxicity, plant height, number of leaves and stem diameter were performed. The cowpea plants, BRS Guariba cultivar, presented high tolerance tothe herbicides 50% and 50% in the post-emergence applications. The herbicide 100% Linurom and the formulation of the Quizalofope-P-Ethyl + Linurom cause severe damage to the development of cowpea. The herbicides blended with 100% of Quizalofope-P-Ethyland 100% of Linurom potentiatesthe effect of the herbicides on the cowpea crop, causing the death of the plants.

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PENGARUH KOMPOS SAMPAH KOTA DAN PUPUK KANDANG SAPI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL TANAMAN PAKCOY (BRASSICA RAPA, L. CHINENSIS) PADA ALUVIAL KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU

Gema Wiralodra ◽

10.31943/gemawiralodra.vol9.iss2.349 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 153-163

Author(s):

Wiwik Ambarsari ◽

Henly Yuliana

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Brassica Rapa ◽

Block Design ◽

Cattle Manure ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Experimental Garden

The study aimed to determine the effect of the combination of city waste compost and cattle manure on the growth and yield of pakcoy plants (Brassica rapa, L. Chinensis) in Aluvial, Indramayu Regency. The study was conducted at the Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Wiralodra University, Indramayu Regency from March to August 2018. This study used Factorial Pattern Randomized Block Design with two factors. The first factor is city waste compost and the second factor is cattle manure with 4 levels: 0%, 3.0%, 6.0%, and 9.0%, repeated twice. The results showed that there was an independent influence between city waste compost and cattle manure on plant height and number of leaves. The best combination to increase the feasibility weight of pakcoy consumption is by giving city waste compost 9.0% (S4) and cattle manure 6.0% (K3).

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The Effect of Pruning and Several Kinds of Growing Media Fertigation Hydroponic Systems Against Protection and Production of Melons (Cucumis Melo L.)

Nabatia ◽

10.21070/nabatia.v4i2.578 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 57-63

Author(s):

M Abror ◽

M Koko Ardiansyah

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Cucumis Melo ◽

Fruit Weight ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Leaf Number ◽

Growing Media ◽

Hydroponic System ◽

Wide Range ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Cucumis Melo L

This study aims to determine the effect of trimming with a wide variety of growing media hydroponic system fertigation on growth and yield of melon. Research will be conducted in the green house (House of plastic) UMSIDA Agriculture Faculty, Campus 2, Gelam, Candi, Sidoarjo, research time between the months of March to June 2016 using analysis of variance and continued test HSD 5%. The variables measured were plant height, leaf number, level of sweetness of fruit, fruit weight, high-fruit, thickness of the flesh of the fruit, conclusion from this research is going on the effect of trimming and a wide variety of growing media hydroponic system fertigation in treatment PM5 (trimming down, kokopit). There was also a real influence on the treatment PM6 (without pruning, kokopit) .In observation of plant height, leaf number, fruit weight, and high fruit. And also happens to influence a wide range of growing media on growth and yield of melon on hydroponics fertigation system, the PM6 treatment (without pruning, kokopit) had the highest rates in the observation of plant height, weight of the fruit, and the number of leaves.

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Effect of Planting Date and Gibberellic Acid on the Growth and Yield of Garlic

The Agriculturists ◽

10.3329/agric.v6i1.5224 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 132-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MA Islam ◽

MH Reza ◽

SMAHM Kamal ◽

MA Wazed ◽

KM Islam

Keyword(s):

Gibberellic Acid ◽

Plant Height ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Planting Date ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Planting Time ◽

Local Cultivar ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Bulb Yield

An experiment was conducted with a local cultivar of garlic to study the effects of planting date and gibberellic acid on the growth and yield of garlic at the field laboratory of the Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during November 2001 to April 2002. Early planting influenced the plant height, leaf number, bulb diameter and total dry matter. With the delay in planting time starting from November 7, the yield was chronologically reduced in later plantings. Significantly the highest bulb yield (2.67 t/ha) was recorded when planting was done on November 7 and lowest yield (0.92 t/ha) was obtained from December 22 planted crop. Bulb yield was higher in control plants than those of GA3 treated plants. The interaction effects of planting date and different concentrations of GA3 differed significantly in respect of plant height, number of leaves, bulb diameter and dry weight of roots, leaves and bulbs and yield of garlic.

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Optimasi Dosis Pupuk Kandang Ayam dan NPK pada Budidaya Kubis Bunga (Brassica oleracea var. Botrytis L.)

AgriHealth: Journal of Agri-food, Nutrition and Public Health ◽

10.20961/agrihealth.v2i1.49828 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 32

Author(s):

Irpan Gunawan ◽

Atak Tauhid ◽

Isna Tustiyani

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Plant Height ◽

Block Design ◽

Chicken Manure ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Affected Plant ◽

Two Factors ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Npk Fertilizer

Cauliflower is one of the vegetables for consumers. The demand for cauliflower was rising so it must be scaled up with fertilizer. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of chicken manure and NPK fertilizer on the growth and yield of cauliflower. The study was conducted in Sukasenang Village, Banyuresmi Sub-district, Garut Regency from July to August 2019. The study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) in two factors each of the 3 rates with 2 replications. The first factor was the rates of chicken manure which consisted of 0, 10 and 20 tons ha-1; the second factor was NPK fertilizer which consists of 0, 100 and 200 kg ha-1. The parameter of this research was plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, weight and diameter crud. The results showed that there was no interaction between the chicken manure and NPK fertilizer. The treatment of 20 tons ha-1 chicken manure affected the variable plant height, the number of leaves and leaf area. The rates of 200 kg ha-1 NPK fertilizer had affected plant height, number of leaves, weight and diameter crud.

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