The identification of fungi colonies total on the rumen content of cow and buffalo with addition of leaves and oil palm frond

This research aimed to determine the fungi colonies total on the rumen content of cattle and buffaloes with the addition of leaves and oil palm fronds incubated for 7 days. Each of the contents of the rumen was added with molasses, soybean soaking water as an energy source for microorganisms, as well as the addition of oil palm fronds and palm leaves to expect the type of fungus that is expected to grow. Calculation of the total colonies fungi in the rumen contents was carried out using total plate count with the dilution method. Complete Random Design by Factorial used to analyze the statistic data. Factor A was the type of rumen content (A1 = rumen of cattle, A2 = buffalo rumen), factor B was the addition of palm fronds (B1 = only rumen contents, B2 = palm oil fronds, B3 = palm leaves, and B4 = palm oil fronds and palm leaves). The results showed that the total number of fungal colonies was significantly higher in the rumen contents of cattle with an average of 509.17 104 CFU / ml. The highest total number of fungal colonies was found in rumen contents with the addition of palm oil fronds, with an average colony number of 655.83 x104 CFU / ml, while the lowest was found in buffalo rumen contents with the addition of palm fronds and palm leaves (106.67x104 CFU / ml). The addition of oil palm fronds and palm leaves to the rumen contents did not have a different effect (p> 0.05).

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Perbandingan Gugus Fungsi dan Morfologi Permukaan Karbon Aktif dari Pelepah Kelapa Sawit Menggunakan Aktivator Asam Fosfat (H3PO4) dan Asam Nitrat (HNO3)

Talenta Conference Series Science and Technology (ST) ◽

10.32734/st.v1i2.299 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 204-208

Author(s):

Vidyanova Anggun Mentari ◽

Seri Maulina

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Surface Morphology ◽

Functional Groups ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Elaeis Guineensis ◽

Oil Palm Fronds ◽

Elaeis Guineensis Jacq ◽

Palm Fronds ◽

By Products

Indonesia termasuk negara produsen kelapa sawit terbesar di dunia. Berdasarkan laporan Badan Pusat Statistik luas perkebunan kelapa sawit di Indonesia pada tahun 2016 sebesar 11.672.861 Ha. Limbah perkebunan kelapa sawit tersedia dalam jumlah yang banyak dan belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal salah satunya yaitu pelepah kelapa sawit. Pelepah kelapa sawit termasuk kategori limbah basah (wet by-products) dengan jumlah produksi pelepah kelapa sawit pada tahun 2016 yaitu sebesar 191.434.920 ton.Paper ini membahas perbandingan gugus fungsi dan morfologi permukaan karbon aktif dari pelepah kelapa sawit(elaeis guineensis Jacq) dengan aktivator H3PO4 dan HNO3.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan gugus fungsi dan morfologi permukaan karbon aktif dari pelepah kelapa sawit dengan aktivator H3PO4 dan HNO3. Metode yang dilakukan meliputi proses impregnasi, karbonisasi, dan pencucian. Konsentrasi aktivator yang digunakan yaitu 20% dengan suhu aktivasi 400 oC. Analisa yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini meliputi analisis morfologi permukaan karbon aktif dengan menggunakan SEM dan analisis spektra secara FTIR terhadap karbon aktif. Hasilanalisa morfologi menggunakan SEM menunjukkan adanya pori yang terbentuk pada karbon aktif dan identifikasi dengan spektrofotometer FTIR menunjukkan bahwa karbon aktif pada penelitian ini mengandung gugus fungsi C=O, C=C, C-C, N=O, C-N, C-OH, CH2dan C-H Indonesia is the largest palm oil producer in the world. Based on the Central Statistics Agency's report, the area of oil palm plantations in Indonesia in 2016 amounted to 11,672,851 Ha. Palm oil plantation waste is available in large quantities and has not been utilized optimally; one of which is palm tree fronds. Palm oil fronds are categorized as wet waste (wet by products) with the amount of palm oil fronds production in 2016 was equal to 191,434,920 tons. This paper discussed the comparison of functional groups and surface morphology of activated carbon from oil palm fronds (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) with H3PO4 and HNO3 activators. This study aimed to determine the comparison of functional groups and surface morphology of activated carbon from oil palm fronds with activators of H3PO4 and HNO3. The method used included the process of impregnation, carbonization, and washing. The concentration of activator used was 20% with an activation temperature of 400 oC. The analysis carried out in this study included the analysis of the surface morphology of activated carbon using SEM and FTIR spectra analysis of activated carbon. Morphological analysis using SEM showed the presence of pores formed on activated carbon. Identification with FTIR spectrophotometer showed that the activated carbon in this study contained functional groups C = O, C = C, CC, N = O, CN, C-OH, CH2 and CH.

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A Utilization of Choline Chloride-Based Deep Eutectic Solvent Integrated with Alkaline Earth Metal Hexahydrate in the Pretreatment of Oil Palm Fronds

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research ◽

10.1021/acs.iecr.0c05052 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 60 (5) ◽

pp. 2011-2026

Author(s):

Eng Kein New ◽

Ta Yeong Wu ◽

Khai Shing Voon ◽

Alessandra Procentese ◽

Katrina Pui Yee Shak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oil Palm ◽

Alkaline Earth ◽

Choline Chloride ◽

Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽

Earth Metal ◽

Alkaline Earth Metal ◽

Oil Palm Fronds ◽

Palm Fronds

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Digestibility, ruminal fermentation, and nitrogen balance with various feeding levels of oil palm fronds treated with Lentinus sajor-caju in goats

Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences ◽

10.5713/ajas.17.0926 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (10) ◽

pp. 1619-1626 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Puwadon Hamchara ◽

Pin Chanjula ◽

Anusorn Cherdthong ◽

Metha Wanapat

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Balance ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Ruminal Fermentation ◽

Oil Palm Fronds ◽

Palm Fronds

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EXTRACTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CELLULOSE FROM AGRICULTURAL RESIDUE - OIL PALM FRONDS

Malaysian Journal of Analytical Science ◽

10.17576/mjas-2017-2105-08 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Keyword(s):

Oil Palm ◽

Agricultural Residue ◽

Oil Palm Fronds ◽

Palm Fronds

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Characteristics of Activated Carbon from Oil Palm Fronds with the Addition of Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3) and Sodium Chloride (NaCl) as an Activator

Simetrikal: Journal of Engineering and Technology ◽

10.32734/jet.v1i1.685 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 30-35

Author(s):

Seri Maulina ◽

Gewa Handika

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Sodium Chloride ◽

Sodium Carbonate ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Elaeis Guineensis ◽

Activation Temperature ◽

Spectra Analysis ◽

Oil Palm Fronds ◽

The Difference ◽

Palm Fronds

This paper aims to understand the difference in characteristics of activated carbon produced from oil palm fronds (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) through the addition of two different activators, namely sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) and sodium chloride (NaCl). To do this, activator concentration of 10 percent each with activation temperature of 600 oC were applied in the experiment. Moreover, to determine the quality of activated carbon produced, a morphological analysis of activated carbon surfaces as well as FTIR spectra analysis on activated carbon. Identification using FTIR spectrophotometer revealed that the activated carbon in this study contained functional groups of O-H, C = O, C = C, C-C, and C-H.

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Performance of a solar-assisted solid desiccant dryer for oil palm fronds drying

Solar Energy ◽

10.1016/j.solener.2016.03.041 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 132 ◽

pp. 415-429 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

S. Misha ◽

S. Mat ◽

M.H. Ruslan ◽

E. Salleh ◽

K. Sopian

Keyword(s):

Oil Palm ◽

Oil Palm Fronds ◽

Palm Fronds

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Synergistic effects on process parameters to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis of alkaline oil palm fronds

Industrial Crops and Products ◽

10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.06.037 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 122 ◽

pp. 617-626 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Masniroszaime Md Zain ◽

Abdul Wahab Mohammad ◽

Shuhaida Harun ◽

Nurul Aina Fauzi ◽

Nur Hanis Hayati Hairom

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Process Parameters ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Oil Palm Fronds ◽

Palm Fronds ◽

Hydrolysis Of

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The Effects of Oil Palm Fronds Silage Supplemented with Urea-Calcium Hydroxide on Rumen Fermentation and Nutrient Digestibility of Thai Native-Anglo Nubian Goats

Fermentation ◽

10.3390/fermentation7040218 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 218

Author(s):

Pin Chanjula ◽

Chanon Suntara ◽

Anusorn Cherdthong

Keyword(s):

Calcium Hydroxide ◽

Oil Palm ◽

Rumen Fermentation ◽

Nutrient Digestibility ◽

The Other ◽

Fresh Matter ◽

Oil Palm Fronds ◽

Oil Palm Frond ◽

Palm Fronds ◽

Palm Frond

This study aimed to examine the combined effects of urea and calcium hydroxide ensiled oil palm fronds on rumen fermentation and digestibility of Thai native-Anglo Nubian goats. A 4 × 4 Latin square design was used to randomly assign four male crossbred goats (Thai native × Anglo Nubian). The dietary treatments were as follows: ensiled oil palm frond with no additives (EOPF as the control), urea 5% (50 g/kg fresh matter) (E-UOPF 5%), calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) 5% (50 g/kg fresh matter) (E-CaOPF 5%), and combination of urea 2.5% (25 g/kg fresh matter) with Ca(OH)2 (25 g/kg fresh matter) (E-UCOPF 2.5%). The oil palm frond ensiled with different additives did not change the DM intake (p > 0.05). The total TMR intakes range from 69.39 to 77.09 g/kg BW0.75. The goats fed with E-UOPF 5.0% consumed significantly more CP than the other groups (p < 0.05). The E-UCOPF increased ME intake by 4.8%, compared with the control treatment (p < 0.05). E-UOPF 5% and E-UCOPF 2.5% significantly increased the CP digestibility by 19.7% and 17.1%, respectively (p < 0.05). Furthermore, E-CaOPF 5.0% and E-UCOPF 2.5% improved the NDF digestibility by about 10.9% and 9.90%, respectively (p < 0.05). The urea-containing oil palm frond (E-UOPF 5.0% and E-UCOPF 2.5%) had higher blood urea nitrogen (BUN) than the other groups (p < 0.05). The TVFA of goats fed E-UCOPF 2.5% was approximately 15.8% higher than that of goats provide EOPF (p < 0.05). The mean concentration of C3 increased by 7.90% and 11.61%, respectively, when E-CaOPF 5.0% and E-UCOPF 2.5% were provided instead of EOPF (p < 0.05). The total N intake and absorbed were highest (p < 0.05) when goats offered E-UOPF 5.0% (p < 0.05). The goats fed oil palm frond without additives had the lowest percentage of N-absorption/N intake (p < 0.05). This study clearly shows that the most suitable treatment is E-UCOPF 2.5%, which enhances DMD, nutrient digestibility, TVFAs, and nitrogen balance and has no negative effects on rumen microbes. This indicates that E-UCOPF 2.5% may be utilized as an alternate roughage source in TMR diets, accounting for at least 40% of the OPF. However, several factors still require consideration for urea-Ca(OH)2 treatments to be successful, including other concentrations of urea, moisture content, duration of pre-treatment, and the metabolizable protein system.

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