scholarly journals Comparative study on the performance of microscopic and rapid diagnostic test (RDT) for malaria among some patients in Maiduguri metropolis

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 023-029
Author(s):  
Zainab Sabo Muhammad ◽  
Mahmud Yerima Iliyasu ◽  
Hassan Shuaibu Musa ◽  
Ibrahim Mustapha ◽  
Goni Musa Lawan
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Antimalarial Drugs ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Low Performance

Malaria remains a major public health problem in Nigeria, that a positive, accurate and reliable microscopy or RDT should preferably be obtained before commencing treatment. High specificity will reduce unnecessary treatment with antimalarial drugs and improve the diagnosis. This study analyze the performance of microscopy and Rapid Diagnostic Techniques (RDT) used in the diagnosis of malaria at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria from September to October, 2019. A total of 118 blood samples was screened for malaria by preparation of thick and thin film, Leishman staining and microscopic examination of the slides under oil immersion objectives. Rapid Diagnostic test (RDT) was performed using NADAL® Malaria 4 species test cassettes, with emphasis on falciparum malaria. The results shows that 65 patients (55.1%) were positive for malaria, out of which 42 (64.6%) were males, mainly (24.6%) within the young age group (1-10 years). Some of the patients 17 (26.2%) have started taking antimalarial drugs before coming to the hospital. Out of the 96 patients presented with acute malaria, only 43 (66.2%) were positive, but all those with severe cases (33.8%) were positive by both microscopic and RDT tests. In general, 53 patients (81.5%) were positive by microscopy, while only 12(18.5%) are RDT-positive. The study revealed a low performance of RDT with high number of false negative tests compared to microscopy on the same samples. It is therefore, necessary to reinforce training in microscopy, improved supplies and ensure proper handling/storage of the rapid test kits in malaria-endemic area, like Nigeria.

scholarly journals Typhidot IgM as a reliable and rapid diagnostic test for typhoid fever among children in a tertiary care hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1677
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ashfaque Ansari ◽  
Amit Kumar Thakur ◽  
Atindra Mishra ◽  
Md Jaffer Rain
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Hospital

Background: Typhoid fever still continues to be a major public health problem in Nepal. A clinical spectrum of typhoid varies widely. It causes significant complication as well as mortality. A simple, reliable, affordable and rapid diagnostic test has been a long felt need of the clinicians to prescribe specific medication, adopt prevention of the emergence of antibiotics resistance and overall reduce the disease burden in the community.Methods: The prospective descriptive study was performed in 125 children between 2 years to 15 years of age admitted to the Pediatrics Department from September 2017 to September 2018. Blood culture, Typhidot rapid IgM were performed. MEDCALC software was used to calculate 95% confidence interval for sensitivity, specificity, predictive value positive, predictive value negative and accuracy. Kappa test was used to determine the agreement between Typhidot IgM and blood culture methods.Results: The study consisted of 125 children with acute febrile illness for more than 3 days with clinical symptomatology, consistent with typhoid fever. The reliability of Typhidot IgM in relation with blood culture and the study lighten that sensitivity 92.3% (95% CI: 63.9, 99.8), specificity 49.1% (95% CI: 39.5, 58.7), PPV 17.4% (95% CI: 14.2, 21.1), NPV 98.2% (95% CI: 89.2, 99.7) and accuracy 53.6% (95% CI: 44.5, 62.6). The two methods i.e. Typhoid IgM and blood culture shows significant agreement with p value 0.004.Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that Typhidot IgM has all the attributes of an ideal screening test.

scholarly journals Performance evaluation of the Simtomax® CoronaCheck rapid diagnostic test

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Ducrest ◽  
A. Freymond ◽  
J.-M. Segura
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Diagnostic Performance ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
List Type ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Two Samples

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of Simtomax® CoronaCheck, a serology rapid diagnostic test (RDT) for the detection of IgG and IgM against SARS-CoV-2. 48 plasma samples positive for SARS-CoV-2 based on RT-PCR and 98 negative control samples were studied. Diagnostic performance of the IgG/IgM RDT was assessed against RT-PCR and the electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 total Ig. Overall, the RDT sensitivity was 92% (95% confidence interval [95%CI]: 79-97), specificity 97% (95% CI: 91-99%), PPV 94% (95% CI: 81-98) and the NPV 96% (95% CI: 89-99). When considering only samples collected ≥ 15 days post-symptoms (DPS), the sensitivity increased to 98% (95%CI: 86-100) and the specificity was 97% (95% CI: 91-99%). Two samples with 180 DPS were still positive for IgG. Globally, this IgG/IgM RDT displayed a high diagnostic accuracy for SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM detection in plasma samples in high COVID-19 prevalence settings. It could be effectively used, in absence of facilities for routine diagnostic serology, for samples with a DPS between 15 and 180 days.Highlights–The rapid diagnostic test Simtomax CoronaCheck displays a high sensitivity of 98% and a high specificity of 97% for SARS-CoV-2 IgG/IgM detection in plasma samples after 15 days post-symptoms.–The rapid diagnostic test Simtomax CoronaCheck can detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in plasma up to 180 days after symptom onset.–The rapid diagnostic test Simtomax CoronaCheck could be effectively used as an alternative to serological analysis using laboratory facilities.

scholarly journals Consequences of restricting antimalarial drugs to rapid diagnostic test‐positive febrile children in south‐west Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1291-1300
Author(s):  
Catherine Olufunke Falade ◽  
Adebola Emanuel Orimadegun ◽  
Obaro Stanley Michael ◽  
Hannah Odunola Dada‐Adegbola ◽  
Oluwatoyin Oluwafunmilayo Ogunkunle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Antimalarial Drugs ◽  
South West

Prevalence of porA pseudogene deletion among Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates referred to the UK’s Gonococcal Resistance to Antimicrobials Surveillance Program

Sexual Health ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Toby ◽  
Pamela Saunders ◽  
Michelle Cole ◽  
Vlad Grigorjev ◽  
Sarah Alexander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
Confirmatory Tests ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Low Prevalence

porA pseudogene-negative Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates produce false-negative results when examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with porA pseudogene targets. In the present study, 533 representative gonococcal isolates received in 2011 via the Gonococcal Resistance to Antimicrobials Surveillance Program were examined to determine the prevalence of porA-negative isolates. Less than 0.4% (2/533) of isolates were found to be reproducibly negative with the porA real-time PCR but were confirmed as N. gonorrhoeae with molecular, biochemical and immunological confirmatory tests. Sequencing revealed both isolates contained the Neisseria meningitidis porA gene. Low prevalence indicates that although these isolates do not present a major public health problem, microbiologists should remain vigilant.

scholarly journals Sensitivity and specificity of a rapid test for assessment of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 in a community-based setting in Brazil

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Campos Pellanda ◽  
Eliana Márcia da Ros Wendland ◽  
Alan John Alexander McBride ◽  
Luciana Tovo-Rodrigues ◽  
Marcos Roberto Alves Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Kappa Score ◽  
Qrt Pcr

AbstractBackgroundWhile the recommended laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19 is a molecular based assay, population-based studies to determine the prevalence of COVID-19 usually use serological assays.ObjectiveTo evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a rapid diagnostic test for COVID-19 compared to quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).MethodsWe evaluated the sensitivity using a panel of finger prick blood samples from participants >18 years of age that had been tested for COVID-19 by qRT-PCR. For assessing specificity, we used serum samples from the 1982 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort participants collected in 2012 with no exposure to SARS-CoV-2.ResultsThe sensitivity of the test was 77.1% (95% CI 66.6 - 85.6), based upon 83 subjects who had tested positive for qRT-PCR at least 10 days before the rapid diagnostic test (RDT). Based upon 100 sera samples, specificity was 98.0% (95% CI 92.9 - 99.8). There was substantial agreement (Kappa score 0.76) between the qRT-PCR results and the RDT.InterpretationThe validation results are well in line with previous assessments of the test, and confirm that it is sufficiently precise for epidemiological studies aimed at monitoring levels and trends of the COVID-19 pandemic.

A comparison of three diagnostic techniques for malaria: a rapid diagnostic test (NOW®Malaria), PCR and microscopy

2007 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Gatti ◽  
M. Gramegna ◽  
Z. Bisoffi ◽  
A. Raglio ◽  
M. Gulletta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF A DNA BASED PCR APPROACH WITH CONVENTIONAL METHODS FOR THE DETECTION OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS IN MOROCCO

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e2012049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fathiah Zakham ◽  
Oufae Lahlou ◽  
Mohammed Akrim ◽  
Nada Bouklata ◽  
Sanae Jaouhari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Insertion Sequence ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Pcr Techniques ◽  
Potential Tool

Background: Worldwide, tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health problem and the rapid diagnosis and appropriate chemotherapy become the first priority and a serious challenge to improve TB treatment.In the objective of early TB diagnosis and rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in the clinical specimens, the utility of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) using the Insertion Sequence 6110 (IS6110) as target was compared to conventional methods.Methods: Out of 305 patients with different clinical manifestations: suspected, new, drug relapse, drug failure and chronic cases were enrolled in this study and tested by mycobacteriological and PCR techniques for the investigation about the tubercle bacilli.Results: The results of the in house IS6110 PCR showed a good sensitivity (92, 42%) and high specificity (98%), the positive and negative predictive values were 96.4 % and 95.3 % respectively.Conclusion: This study showed clearly that the PCR testing using the IS6110 in the routine analysis is a potential tool for the rapid TB diagnosis, especially for critical cases and would be of great interest to help the clinician in the misdiagnosed critical cases by the traditional radiology.

scholarly journals Combined Deletions ofpfhrp2andpfhrp3Genes Result in Plasmodium falciparum Malaria False-Negative Rapid Diagnostic Test

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 2694-2696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrine Houzé ◽  
Véronique Hubert ◽  
Gaëlle Le Pessec ◽  
Jacques Le Bras ◽  
Jérôme Clain
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Falciparum Malaria ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Rapid Diagnostic Test ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria

S235 – Diagnostic Test Validation: CHAMP in Endolymphatic Hydrops

2008 ◽  
Vol 139 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. P154-P154
Author(s):  
Eveling Y Rojas ◽  
Leonardo Ordoñez ◽  
Victor Hernandez ◽  
Jose E Guzman ◽  
Juan Izquierdo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Endolymphatic Hydrops ◽  
False Negative ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
False Negative Results ◽  
The Relationship

Objectives The Cochlear Hydrops Analysis Masking Procedure (CHAMP) has been reported with a high sensibility and specificity for the diagnosis of endolymphatic hydrops (ELH). Nevertheless, a complete validation of CHAMP with precise methods has not been done. Our objectives: To determine whether CHAMP has a diagnostic value in patients with definite, probable/possible diagnosis of Meniere's disease or endolymphatic hydrops, based on the criteria of the AAO-HNS. Methods Prospective validation study for a diagnostic test: phase II. Latency of wave V was assessed using CHAMP. We classified subjects in 5 groups: 1-Definite ELH, 2-Probable ELH, 3-Possible ELH, 4-subjects with other otovestibular symptoms, 5-normal hearing subjects. We included cases (groups 1–4) with an episode of vertigo with duration equal or longer than 20 minutes, with or without other otovestibular symptoms. Results We included 67 cases (132 ears). 38 cases (76 ears) completed the follow up and their results are presented. In group 1, the sensibility of CHAMP was 43% and its specificity was 100%. In groups 2–3, the sensitivity was 20% and the specificity 100%, with 0% false positive and 80% false negative results. Other indicators of validity for this diagnostic test are presented. Conclusions CHAMP has a high specificity and low sensibility for the diagnosis of ELH when the delay in wave V latency is used. Future studies may assess the relationship between wave amplitudes to improve the clinical value of CHAMP.

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