scholarly journals Isolation of Lycopene Component from Tamarillo (Solanum betaceum)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
Jeanne Dewi Damayanti ◽  
Ririn Azmilia ◽  
Zul Ainun ◽  
Nur Amin R. ◽  
M. Ilham Nurdin
Keyword(s):  
Group Analysis ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Premature Aging ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Bending Vibration ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Functional Group Analysis ◽  
Fruit Powder

Lycopene is a red pigment found in tamarillo with its function as an antioxidant that protects body cells from the negative effects of free radicals so that they do not trigger diseases, especially cancer and premature aging. This study was intended to improve the quality of tamarillo by isolating lycopene from tamarillo through an extraction process with chloroform as a solvent by maceration for 3 days at room temperature. The lycopene extract obtained was dissolved by means of a rotary evaporator at 40 oC under vacuum pressure and oven temperature at 60 oC. The lycopene obtained was analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry and the crystal structure of lycopene was characterized by Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy. GCMS results showed that 0.21 g of lycopene was successfully isolated from 100 g of dried red tamarillo fruit powder. Functional group analysis using FT-IR at a wavelength of 978.23 cm-1 showed the R-CH=CH-R group; the -CH3- group of 1371.43 cm-1; the 1460.16 cm-1 indicates the bending vibration of -CH2-; the C=C chain of 1656.91 and 1745.64 cm-1; and the   C-H of 2856.67 and 2926.11 cm-1 of the lycopene chain.

Study on the Combination Mechanism of the Water-Based UV Curable Ink and Paper

2015 ◽  
Vol 731 ◽  
pp. 488-491
Author(s):  
Fu Qiang Chu ◽  
Yu Xin Liu ◽  
Chang Li Xu
Keyword(s):  
Uv Curing ◽  
Curing Process ◽  
Double Bonds ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Uv Curable ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Water Based ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Epoxy Acrylate Prepolymer

The bonding mechanism between water-based UV curable ink and active groups on paper’s fiber during curing process was studied in this paper. Low viscosity water-based UV-cured resin was synthesized by epoxy resins, epoxy diluent, acrylic acid and maleic anhydride in the presence of catalyst. The viscosity of the synthesis system and synthetic products were significantly reduced when epoxy diluent was added to replace parts of the epoxy resin. Epoxy diluent was very useful in reducing the viscosity of the product, but over-dose would have negative effects on the quality of the cured film. The water-based epoxy acrylate prepolymer was used as the substitution for the ink to investigate the binding mechanism between the active groups of prepolymer and fiber under UV irradiation. The prepolymer and photoinitiator were mixed and the mixture was diluted to an appropriate viscosity by a small amount of water, then printed on the paper by the method of analog printing and curred by UV curing machine. The printed paper was used to extract lignin by enzymatic/mild acidolysis. FT-IR was used to characterize the changes of the active groups in lignin. The results showed that the changes of active groups in lignin were founded in the existence of ultraviolet and photoinitiator, which consistent with the change of double bonds in prepolymer. The free radicals produced by photoinitiator in curing process not only promoted the double bonds to polymerize, but also accelerated the active groups of lignin binding. Experiments show that chemical bonds exist between them.

scholarly journals Functional Group Analysis of Germinated Millets and Legumes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Reginold Jebitta ◽  
SC Venkatram ◽  
S Mohamed Aneesh ◽  
R Pasupathi
Keyword(s):  
Functional Groups ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Bioactive Compound ◽  
Aromatic Rings ◽  
Characteristic Functional ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Health Significance ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Functional Group Analysis ◽  
Calcium Iron

Germinated millets and legumes are rich in nutritional significance like calcium, iron, proteins, vitamins, etc. This study aims to find the active functional groups and compounds present with their bond characteristics based on the peak obtained from FT-IR for germinated millets and legumes that are subjected for shade drying and tray drying at 700c. Generally, Millets and legumes are used for specialty foods like health mix, etc or as a part of generally food products due to their increased health significance. In this study, the findings are the presence of characteristic functional groups like carboxylic acids, aromatic rings, disulphide, esters, alkanes, amines, nitro compounds, sulphates, oxime, psosphine, thiocarbonyl, silane, amides, sulfate, alkenes, etc. There is some difference in functional groups based on the method of drying. These results help identify the bioactive compound which places a major role in our nutritional health aspects. These germinated products could add value to our daily diet.

scholarly journals Differential Antifungal Efficiency of Geraniol and Citral

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1801301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roopa Gaonkar ◽  
Pramod K Avti ◽  
Gurumurthy Hegde
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Antifungal Efficiency ◽  
The Media ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Functional Group Analysis ◽  
Anti Fungal

Terpenoids such as geraniol and citral are known to have antibacterial, antifungal and anti-cancerous properties; however, their mechanism of action is least understood. In this study, the antifungal mechanism of monoterpene alcohol (geraniol) and monoterpene aldehyde (citral) was studied using Saccharomyces cerevisiae throughout 120 h duration and over a maximum tolerable dosage of 0.5% (v/v). Cell growth studies using optical density readings at 600 nm (ODλ=600nm), Cell viability using MTT assay, Na+/K+ leakage into media, osmotic stress using flame photometry, detection of metabolites like dehydroergosterol (DHE), H2O2 using fluorescence spectroscopy, changes in functional group analysis using FT-IR, elemental analysis using EDAX, DNA damage using gel electrophoresis and cellular structural changes using SEM were carried out. Growth inhibition studies using ODλ=600nm and MTT assays suggest that both geraniol and citral inhibited the growth kinetics significantly up to 0.1% v/v at and significantly increased beyond 0.1% at all the studied time points. Both the monoterpenoids induced the osmotic stress in S. cerevisiae measured as a change in reduction in pH, [H]+ concentration, with elevation in [Na]+ and [K]+ leakage into the media. Geraniol treatment reduced the levels of metabolites, dehydroergosterol (DHE) and H2O2, in a time-dependent manner whereas citral only affected their levels at 120 h. Energy dispersive X - ray spectroscopy (EDAX) studies suggest that both the monoterpenoids treatment differentially modulated the cellular elemental contents. Geraniol (0.03% v/v) and not the citral treatment induced DNA damage. Cellular structural analysis showed that both monoterpenoids have differential damaging effects to S. cerevisiae. This study shows that having an aldehyde and alcohol group on the terpenoids strongly affect the anti-fungal activity.

scholarly journals Analysis of bioactive compounds for Jasmine flower via Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hesham Hussein Rassem ◽  
Abdurahman Hamid Nour ◽  
Rosli Mohamed Yunus
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Volatile Oil ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Methanol Solution ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Functional Group Analysis ◽  
Surface Morphologies

The current work analyses the chemical constituents of Jasmine flower using Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The dried Jasmine flower powder was extracted by methanol via the Microwave-assisted Hydrodistillation (MAHD) process. The GC-MS analysis revealed different peaks that showed the presence of ten compounds. In the current study, we have focused on the main compounds that can be used for biological activity, i.e. 2-Phenylthiolane (57.31%), Cyclohexene, 3-ethenyl- (25.91%), Acetaldehyde (12.70%), N-Methylallylamine (9.99%), Propanamide (6.79%) and Phthalic acid, bis (7-methyloctyl) ester (5.21%). The bio-compounds with methanol extract of Jasmine flower were analyzed by using GC-MS. Functional group analysis was carried out on the volatile oil obtained through MAHD by using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The surface morphologies of untreated dried powdered Jasmine flower (i.e. raw powdered jasmine flower without soaking into methanol solution prior to extraction) and pre-treated powdered Jasmine flower (soaked into methanol solution for 1 hr) were investigated through SEM analysis.

scholarly journals The effect of NaOH addition on the characteristics of tilapia skin collagen

2021 ◽  
Vol 924 (1) ◽  
pp. 012089
Author(s):  
Nurhayati ◽  
R Kusumawati ◽  
Suryanti
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Fiber Structure ◽  
Skin Collagen ◽  
Fish Collagen ◽  
Functional Group Analysis

Abstract Research on fish collagen is now growing rapidly as the use of collagen in industry increases. Collagen extraction begins with the removal of non-collagen proteins using bases to maximize the extraction process. This research aims to determine the effect of differences in NaOH concentrations on the characteristics of tilapia skin collagen. NaOH in collagen extraction serves to remove alkaline soluble proteins to optimize the collagen extraction process. The bases used were NaOH with the concentration of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5%. The extraction was carried out using the acid method. Using SEM, observation parameters for crude collagen from the tilapia skin include collagen yield, functional group analysis, lightness, and surface morphology. The results of functional groups analysis showed that the collagen obtained in all treatments had typical collagen characteristics, i.e., amide A, amide B, amide I, amide II, and amide III. The non-collagen deproteination treatment with 0.5% NaOH could produce better collagen than the 1.0 and 1.5% concentrations, as indicated by the highest yield (20.42%) and lightness (93.22). Morphological analysis showed that the collagen extracted has an irregular branched fiber structure.

Physical Characteristics and Organoleptic Test of Essential Oil Extracted from Sedap malam Flower (Polianthes tuberosa) Using N-Hexane Solvent

2021 ◽  
Vol 882 ◽  
pp. 191-199
Author(s):  
Suharno Rusdi ◽  
Farida Imtiyaz ◽  
Nopia Denvil Wulandari ◽  
Achmad Chafidz
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Ir Analysis

In this work, an essential oil was extracted from from Sedap Malam (Tuberose) flower using n-hexane as the solvent. The extraction process was performed using simple soxhlet extraction method with the ratio between Sedap Malam flower and n-hexane solvent was 1:5. The physical properties, such as density and rendement values of the extracted essential oil were analyzed. The analysis results exhibited that the essential oil has average rendement value of 9.91 % and density value of 0.9275 g/mL. Additionally, organoleptic testing was also carried out to test the response of respondents toward the color and odor/fragrance of the extracted essential oil. The results showed that the responses of the respondents about the color and fragrance of the extracted essential oil were quite satisfactory. The highest responses for both color and the fragrance were belong to “Really Like” category. The extracted essential oil was also characterized using Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) apparatus and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FT-IR) analysis.

Can trust become a factor of economic growth? Dynamic changes in the level of trust of Russian youth

2020 ◽  
pp. 92-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Bakhtigaraeva ◽  
A. A. Stavinskaya
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Generalized Trust ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Future ◽  
Analysis Of Dynamics

The article considers the role of trust in the economy, the mechanisms of its accumulation and the possibility of using it as one of the growth factors in the future. The advantages and disadvantages of measuring the level of generalized trust using two alternative questions — about trusting people in general and trusting strangers — are analyzed. The results of the analysis of dynamics of the level of generalized trust among Russian youth, obtained within the study of the Institute for National Projects in 10 regions of Russia, are presented. It is shown that there are no significant changes in trust in people in general during the study at university. At the same time, the level of trust in strangers falls, which can negatively affect the level of trust in the country as a whole, and as a result have negative effects on the development of the economy in the future. Possible causes of the observed trends and the role of universities are discussed. Also the question about the connection between the level of education and generalized trust in countries with different quality of the institutional environment is raised.

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