scholarly journals The Incidence and Severity of Downy Mildew Disease on Local Madurese Maize Crops in Sumenep district, East Java, Indonesia

Agrologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syaiful Khoiri ◽  
Abdiatun Abdiatun ◽  
Khairatul Muhlisa ◽  
Achmad Amzeri ◽  
Dita Megasari
Keyword(s):  
Disease Progression ◽  
Downy Mildew ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Plant Sample ◽  
Progression Rate ◽  
Plant Pests ◽  
Local Cultivars ◽  
Disease Progression Rate ◽  
Downy Mildew Disease

In Madura island, corn is the main commodity that is widely planted with an area of 301,725 ha or about 30% of the area of maize in East Java. Madura Island has local cultivars, such as: Tambin, Talango, Guluk-guluk, Manding, and Kretek. Efforts to increase production are continuously being made, starting from improving varieties until managing plant pests. One of the main diseases in maize is downy mildew. However, information about the incidence, incidence, severity, and species that cause downy mildew in local cultivars has not been reported. So, this study aims to identify the causes of downy mildew in local cultivars of Madura and disease severity in the field. The research method is a survey on local maize centers. Sampling was done by using the diagonal sampling method. Each plant sample was observed for symptoms of disease and scoring to calculate the value of disease severity. Fungi identification was carried out by microscopic observation of the fungus. The results showed that the cause of downy mildew in Madura local maize in Sumenep Regency was P. maydis. The highest incidence, disease severity, and AUDPC value after 4 MST were found in Guluk-guluk cultivars in Padangdangan Village, but had the lowest disease progression rate values. Meanwhile, the highest rate of disease progression was found in the Manding cultivar in Mandala Village. Based on the resistance category, Talango cultivar had the best resistance when compared to other cultiva.Keywords: AUDPC, downy mildew, disease progress, Madurese maize, Peronosclerospora maydis

scholarly journals Influence of publication year, add-on design, and geographical region on the progression of Alzheimer’s disease: a modeling analysis of literature aggregate data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
ningyuan zhang ◽  
Xijun Zheng ◽  
Hongxia Liu ◽  
Qingshan Zheng ◽  
Lujin Li
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Progression Rate ◽  
Progression Model ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Disease Progression Rate ◽  
Disease Progression Model

Abstract Background Our objective was to develop a disease progression model for cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and to determine whether disease progression of AD is related to the year of publication, add-on trial design, and geographical regions. Methods Placebo-controlled randomized AD clinical trials were systemically searched in public databases. Longitudinal placebo response (mean change from baseline in the cognitive subscale of the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale [ADAS-cog]) and the corresponding demographic information were extracted to establish a disease progression model. Covariate screening and subgroup analyses were performed to identify potential factors affecting the disease progression rate. Results A total of 142 publications (148 trials) were included in this model-based meta-analysis. The typical disease progression rate was 5.82 points per year. The baseline ADAS-cog score was included in the final model using an inverse-U type function. Age was found to be negatively correlated with disease progression rate. After correcting the baseline ADAS-cog score and the age effect, no significant difference in disease progression rate was found between trials published before and after 2008, and between trials using add-on design and those that did not use add-on design. However, a significant difference was found among different trial regions. Trials in East Asian countries showed the slowest decline rate and the largest placebo effect. Conclusions Our model successfully quantified AD disease progression by integrating baseline ADAS-cog score and age as important predictors. These factors and geographic location should be considered when optimizing future trial designs and conducting indirect comparisons of clinical outcomes.

scholarly journals ALS patients’ regulatory T lymphocytes are dysfunctional, and correlate with disease progression rate and severity

JCI Insight ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Beers ◽  
Weihua Zhao ◽  
Jinghong Wang ◽  
Xiujun Zhang ◽  
Shixiang Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Progression Rate ◽  
Regulatory T Lymphocytes ◽  
Disease Progression Rate ◽  
Als Patients

Comparison of elevated phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chains in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 367-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxim De Schaepdryver ◽  
Andreas Jeromin ◽  
Benjamin Gille ◽  
Kristl G Claeys ◽  
Victor Herbst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Motor Neuron ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Symptom Duration ◽  
Progression Rate ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
Disease Progression Rate ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis

ObjectivePhosphorylated neurofilament heavy chain (pNfH) levels are elevated in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Instead of CSF, we explored blood as an alternative source to measure pNfH in patients with ALS.MethodsIn this single centre retrospective study, 85 patients with ALS, 215 disease controls (DC) and 31 ALS mimics were included. Individual serum pNfH concentrations were correlated with concentrations in CSF and with several clinical parameters. The performance characteristics of pNfH in CSF and serum of patients with ALS and controls were calculated and compared using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.ResultsCSF and serum pNfH concentrations in patients with ALS correlated well (r=0.652, p<0.0001) and were significantly increased compared with DC (p<0.0001) and ALS mimics (p<0.0001). CSF pNfH outperformed serum pNfH in discriminating patients with ALS from DC and ALS mimics (difference between area under the ROC curves: p=0.0001 and p=0.0005; respectively). Serum pNfH correlated inversely with symptom duration (r=−0.315, p=0.0033). CSF and serum pNfH were lower when the disease progression rate was slower (r=0.279, p<0.01 and r=0.289, p<0.01; respectively). Unlike CSF, serum pNfH did not correlate with the burden of clinical and electromyographic motor neuron dysfunction.ConclusionsCSF and serum pNfH concentrations are elevated in patients with ALS and correlate with the disease progression rate. Moreover, CSF pNfH correlates with the burden of motor neuron dysfunction. Our findings encourage further pursuit of CSF and serum pNfH concentrations in the diagnostic pathway of patients suspected to have ALS.

POD-09.08: The predictive role of the re-TURB in the evaluation of high-grade disease progression rate of T1G3 bladder neoplasm

Urology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-31
Author(s):  
R. Giulianelli ◽  
S. Brunori ◽  
B.C. Gentile ◽  
G. Vincenti ◽  
F. Pisanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Progression ◽  
Bladder Neoplasm ◽  
Progression Rate ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Disease Progression Rate ◽  
Predictive Role

scholarly journals Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy as a Salvage Therapy after Incomplete Radiofrequency Ablation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Propensity Score Matching Study

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang-Xun Pan ◽  
Mian Xi ◽  
Yi-Zhen Fu ◽  
Dan-Dan Hu ◽  
Jun-Cheng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Radiofrequency Ablation ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Progression Rate ◽  
Local Disease ◽  
Disease Progression Rate

Abstract: (1) Background: To investigate the clinical outcomes between radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for residual hepatocellular carcinoma (RHCC). (2) Methods: 139 patients were diagnosed with the RHCC after post-operative checkup, among whom 39 and 33 patients underwent RFA or SBRT as salvage treatments, respectively. We applied the propensity score matching (PSM) to adjust for imbalances in treatment assignment. Local disease progression, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and treatment-related side effects were the study endpoints. (3) Results: Before PSM, the SBRT group demonstrated significantly lower local disease progression rate (6/33 vs. 23/39; p = 0.002), better PFS (the 1- and 3-year PFS were 63.3% and 49.3% vs. 41.5% and 22.3%, respectively, p = 0.036), and comparable OS (the 1- and 3-year OS were 85.4% and 71.1% vs. 97.3% and 57.6%, respectively, p = 0.680). After PSM of 23 matched cases, the SBRT group demonstrated significantly lower local disease progression rate, better PFS and comparable OS. Centrally located tumor predicted the worse OS. No acute grade 3+ toxicity was observed in both groups. (4) Conclusion: SBRT might be the preferred treatment for RHCC, especially for patients with larger tumors or tumors abutting major vessels, rather than repeated RFA.

scholarly journals Relationship between Dietary Fiber Intake and the Prognosis of Amytrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Korea

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 3420
Author(s):  
Haelim Yu ◽  
Seung Hyun Kim ◽  
Min-Young Noh ◽  
Sanggon Lee ◽  
Yongsoon Park
Keyword(s):  
Survival Time ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Progression Rate ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake ◽  
Sporadic Als ◽  
Disease Progression Rate ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Vegetable Fiber

The gut microbiota has been suggested as an important factor in the pathogenic mechanisms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This study aimed to investigate whether the intake of different kinds of dietary fiber was related to the disease progression rate (∆FS) and survival time. In total, 272 Korean sporadic ALS patients diagnosed according to the revised EI Escorial criteria were recruited starting in March 2011 and were followed until the occurrence of events or the end of September 2020. The events included percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy, tracheostomy, and death. Dietary fiber intake was calculated based on a 24-h dietary recall and classified according to five major fiber-rich foods: vegetables, fruits, grains, legumes, and nuts/seeds. Among the total participants, the group with ∆FS values lower than the mean ∆FS (0.75) was noted in the highest tertiles of total and vegetable fiber intake. Participants in the highest tertile for vegetable fiber intake showed longer survival in the Kaplan–Meier analysis (p = 0.033). Notably, vegetable fiber intake was negatively correlated with pro-inflammatory cytokine (interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) levels in the cerebrospinal fluid. This study showed that vegetable fiber intake could influence the disease progression rate and survival time. Further clinical trials are needed to confirm whether dietary fiber supplementation improves the prognosis of ALS.

scholarly journals Cerebral degeneration in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 400-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ojas Srivastava ◽  
Chris Hanstock ◽  
Sneha Chenji ◽  
Dennell Mah ◽  
Dean Eurich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Motor Cortex ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Progression Rate ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Disease Progression Rate ◽  
Lateral Sclerosis ◽  
Cerebral Degeneration

BackgroundWe investigated cerebral degeneration and neurochemistry in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).MethodsWe prospectively studied 65 patients and 43 age-matched healthy controls. Participants were recruited from 4 centers as part of a study in the Canadian ALS Neuroimaging Consortium. All participants underwent single-voxel proton MRS using a protocol standardized across all sites. Metabolites reflecting neuronal integrity (total N-acetyl aspartyl moieties [tNAA]) and gliosis (myo-inositol [Ino]), as well as creatine (Cr) and choline (Cho), were quantified in the midline motor cortex and midline prefrontal cortex. Comparisons were made between patients with ALS and healthy controls. Metabolites were correlated with clinical measures of upper motor neuron dysfunction, disease progression rate, and cognitive performance.ResultsIn the motor cortex, tNAA/Cr, tNAA/Cho, and tNAA/Ino ratios were reduced in the ALS group compared with controls. Group differences in tNAA/Cr and tNAA/Cho in the prefrontal cortex displayed reduced ratios in ALS patients; however, these were not statistically significant. Reduced motor cortex ratios were associated with slower foot tapping rate, whereas only motor tNAA/Ino was associated with finger tapping rate. Disease progression rate was associated with motor tNAA/Cho. Verbal fluency, semantic fluency, and digit span forwards and backwards were associated with prefrontal tNAA/Cr.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that cerebral degeneration in ALS is more pronounced in the motor than prefrontal cortex, that multicenter MRS studies are feasible, and that motor tNAA/Ino shows promise as a potential biomarker.

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