scholarly journals Donne al lavoro in Italia tra parità formale e disparità sostanziale

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tania Toffanin
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Care Work ◽  
Personal Life ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Full Time ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Condition Of Women ◽  
The Welfare State

The contribution aims to articulate in critical terms the condition of women in Italy, in light of the recent transformations that have affected the welfare state and labour market. In particular, the attention has been paid to the more hidden aspects of the recent reforms implemented by Italian governments, concerning the relation between care work and social and material changes. The casualization of labour among young women is producing a postponement of the reproductive choices while among older ones, especially the unskilled ones, it is producing a returning as a full-time housewives, with all the implications that this dynamic has in terms of loss of emancipation and autonomy. For many women the impossibility to balance work and personal life is leading to their exclusion from the labour market. The reflections developed in this paper aim to highlight the process of invisibilization that continues to mark the reproductive work and the consequences that this process has on the reproduction of class and gender inequalities.

scholarly journals De unge og fremtidens ligestillingspolitik

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Dorte Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Young Men ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
Public Care ◽  
The One ◽  
The Welfare State

This article discusses the attitude of the young generation towards the question of equal opportunities and social equality in the welfare state. There is a rather large polarization between young women and men as regards their attitudes towards the welfare state. While young women support collectivism and public care, young men express more individualistic, neo-liberal attitudes. But, this polarization is apparently not to be found in the attitudes towards equal opportunities policies: both young men and young women agree, for instance, that discrimination against women does take place. In the second part of the article I argue that it is necessary to develop an active and differentiated equal opportunities strategy for young people. On the one hand, there is a tendency among men and women in their early youth (15-20 years) encounter and negotiate more or less traditional gender relations in the labour market and the family. This demands an attentive and socially aware policy, reflecting the positions of young women and men as gender-specific individuals on their way to create an adult life both in their families and on the labour market.

The Contradictions and Intersections of Class and Gender in a Global City: Placing Working Women's Lives on the Research Agenda

10.1068/a3781 ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 441-461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda McDowell ◽  
Diane Perrons ◽  
Colette Fagan ◽  
Kath Ray ◽  
Kevin Ward
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Gender Discrimination ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Global City ◽  
High Status ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Women's Lives ◽  
Gender Divisions ◽  
And Gender ◽  
New Research

In this paper we examine the relationships between class and gender in the context of current debates about economic change in Greater London. It is a common contention of the global city thesis that new patterns of inequality and class polarisation are apparent as the expansion of high-status employment brings in its wake rising employment in low-status, poorly paid ‘servicing’ occupations. Whereas urban theorists tend to ignore gender divisions, feminist scholars have argued that new class and income inequalities are opening up between women as growing numbers of highly credentialised women enter full-time, permanent employment and others are restricted to casualised, low-paid work. However, it is also argued that working women's interests coincide because of their continued responsibility for domestic obligations and still-evident gender discrimination in the labour market. In this paper we counterpose these debates, assessing the consequences for income inequality, for patterns of childcare and for work–life balance policies of rising rates of labour-market participation among women in Greater London. We conclude by outlining a new research agenda.

Ripples from the First Wave: The Monarchical Origins of the Welfare State

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 992-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eileen McDonagh
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Max Weber ◽  
Care Work ◽  
Public Provision ◽  
The Public ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Parental Roles ◽  
The People ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Welfare State

Before the welfare state, people were protected from disabilities resulting from illness, old age, and other infirmities by care work provided within the family. When the state assumes responsibility for care-work tasks, in effect it assumes parental roles, thereby becoming a form offamilial governmentin which the public provision of goods and services is analogous to care work provided in the family. My research pushes back the origins of the state’s obligation to care for people to a preindustrial form of government, hereditary monarchies—what Max Weber termed patrimonialism. It explicates how monarchs were cast as the parents of the people, thereby constituting kingship as a care work regime that assigned to political rulers parental responsibility for the welfare of the people. Using historical and quantitative analysis, I establish that retaining the legitimacy of monarchies as the first form of familial government in the course of Western European democratizing makes it more credible to the public and to political elites to accept the welfare state as the second form of familial government. That, in turn, promotes a more robust public sector supportive of social provision. The results reformulate conceptions of the contemporary welfare state and its developmental legacies.

Staying in Place or Moving Forward? Young Women’s Imagined Futures and Aspirations for Mobility in Care Work

Young ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-346
Author(s):  
Emma Lamberg
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Nursing Education ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Care Work ◽  
Practical Nurse ◽  
Vocational Nursing

This article analyses how the culturally widespread incitements to become aspirational and mobile are negotiated by young women in the vocational nursing education in Finland. Drawing on interviews with final year students, the article examines their imagined futures and asks how lived inequalities shape their aspirations and possibilities of navigating the neoliberalising care labour market that is marked by stark hierarchies and diminishing resources. The paper finds that the participants’ aspirations were characterised by the considerations of whether to remain as a practical nurse or to move forward to higher education. Yet, while some women were able to adopt a strong ethos of moving forward, others were more likely to be seen as fixed in place in auxiliary care work. The article pushes forward the debate on youth aspirations and mobility by unpacking the lived contradictions that shape the aspirations of young women entering the lower end of the care labour market.

The Labour Market, the Welfare State and European Convergence

1996 ◽  
pp. 73-101
Author(s):  
Renato Brunetta ◽  
Leonello Tronti ◽  
Renzo Turatto
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
The Welfare State

6. Problems

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Garland
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Welfare States ◽  
The Real ◽  
Moral Hazards ◽  
The Welfare State

The welfare state is, at its core, a problem-solving apparatus, designed to manage dysfunctions that are endemic to the economic and social life of modern nations. But welfare states also generate problems of their own—such as moral hazards, excessive bureaucracy, soaring costs, and labour market rigidities—that sometimes threaten to bring the whole enterprise into disrepute. ‘Problems’ shows that these issues are troubling and consequential, but in weighing their significance we ought always to ask: ‘what can be done?’ and ‘what are the alternatives?’ That the welfare state has its problems is undeniable. The real question is whether these problems are manageable and how they compare to those of other arrangements.

Abbau von Inflexibilitäten auf dem Arbeitsmarkt – Ist die Wirtschaftspolitik auf dem richtigen Weg?

2000 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-250
Author(s):  
Norbert Berthold
Keyword(s):  
Welfare State ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Employment Protection ◽  
Economic Environment ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Coalition Government ◽  
The Public ◽  
Protection Legislation ◽  
Generous Welfare ◽  
The Welfare State

Abstract The situation on the German labour market is still a catastrophe. The institutional set-ups on the labour market and the welfare state obviously no longer fit the fundamentally changed economic environment. There is next to no competition on the labour market and unions and employers' associations use the generous welfare state to transfer the burden of adjustment to changes in the economic environment onto the public at large. Institutional mismatch is prevalent. The red-green coalition government has not only realized that persistently high unemployment inflicts tremendous economic damage but that it is also politically destabilizing. It has therefore announced that the performance on the labour market during its term of office shall be its own measure of success or failure. This paper discusses whether the regulatory steps taken by the red-green coalition government, like implementing stricter employment protection legislation, reintroducing full pay when sick, and changing the law concerning low-paid jobs, are suitable for reducing this institutional mismatch.

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