scholarly journals Between Civilitas and Tyranny: Cassius Dio’s Biographical Narrative of the Flavian Dynasty

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesper Majbom Madsen
Keyword(s):  
Roman History ◽  
Imperial Rome ◽  
Dynastic Succession ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Way

In Cassius Dio’s account of imperial Rome, the Flavian Dynasty represents all the strengths and weaknesses of monarchical rule. The strength is represented with Vespasian, his display of modesty and understanding of the need to cooperate and share power with the senatorial elite. The weakness is described through the nepotism, betrayal, and uncontrolled ambition for glory and prestige that helped Domitian to power and forced the return of tyrannical rule upon the Romans. In this chapter, I shall discuss the way in which the Flavian narrative serves as a microcosm in the Roman History to demonstrate the reason for which dynastic succession was incapable of providing the stability needed for monarchical rule to reach its full constitutional and political potential.

The History of the Extortion Court at Rome, 123–70 b.c.

1938 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 98-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. V. D. Balsdon
Keyword(s):  
Roman History ◽  
Precise Statement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Age Limits ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Way

The available evidence concerning the history of the Extortion Court, the quaestio repetundarum, at Rome is tabulated opposite page 114. In view of the bulk of this evidence, it is at first sight surprising that this should be one of the most confused chapters of Roman history. Indeed, it is improbable that all Roman historians would agree upon any more precise statement of certainty than the following: that C. Gracchus, whether by a lex Sempronia iudiciaria, or by a lex Sempronia de repetundis, or by a lex Acilia de repetundis which may, or may not, be reproduced in the lex repetundarum, fragments of which are preserved at Naples and at Vienna (CIL i, 583), established equites (selected either from owners and past owners, within certain age limits, of the equus publicus, or from all those who possessed the equestrian census) either in place of, or in association with, senators as jurors in the quaestio de repetundis; that Q. Servilius Caepio, probably in his consulship in 106 B.C., proposed, and perhaps carried, a judiciary law in the interest of the Senate; that C. Servilius Glaucia either in m (Mommsen), 108 (Carcopino) 104 (Last) or 101 B.C. (Niccolini) carried a lex repetundarum and perhaps other judiciary laws in which he possibly either gave for the first time, or restored, to the equites complete possession of the juries and certainly effected two reforms in procedure, (a) by legalising the prosecution not only of recent magistrates and pro-magistrates, but also of their accomplices and (b) by introducing the form of ‘double action’ known as comperendinatio; that M. Livius Drusus, as tribune in 91 B.C., endeavoured unsuccessfully to establish, or to re-establish, as the case may be, mixed juries of senators and equites, and to make equestrian as well as senatorial jurors liable to prosecution for accepting bribes; that in 89 B.C. by a lex Plautia of the tribune M. Plautius Silvanus mixed juries were established, certainly for trials of maiestas, and perhaps for repetundae too. After this, the way is clearer, Sulla re-established senatorial juries, which survived until 70 B.C., when, by the lex Aurelia, jurors were selected from three panels—from senators, equites and tribuni aerarii.

Gender, Memory, and Identity in the Roman World

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Roman History ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Imperial Rome ◽  
The Past ◽  
Roman World ◽  
Material Sources ◽  
Close Relationship

This volume approaches three key concepts in Roman history — gender, memory and identity — and demonstrates the significance of their interaction in all social levels and during all periods of Imperial Rome. When societies, as well as individuals, form their identities, remembrance and references to the past play a significant role. The aim of Gender, Memory, and Identity in the Roman World is to cast light on the constructing and the maintaining of both public and private identities in the Roman Empire through memory, and to highlight, in particular, the role of gender in that process. While approaching this subject, the contributors to this volume scrutinise both the literature and material sources, pointing out how widespread the close relationship between gender, memory and identity was. A major aim of Gender, Memory, and Identity in the Roman World as a whole is to point out the significance of the interaction between these three concepts in both the upper and lower levels of Roman society, and how it remained an important question through the period from Augustus right into Late Antiquity.

Papacy, Crusade, and Christian-Muslim Relations

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Experience ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Peace Movements ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Way ◽  
At Home

This book examines the role of the papacy and the crusade in the religious life of the late twelfth through late thirteenth centuries and beyond. Throughout the book, the contributors ask several important questions. Was Innocent III more theologian than lawyer-pope and how did his personal experience of earlier crusade campaigns inform his own vigorous promotion of the crusades? How did the outlook and policy of Honorius III differ from that of Innocent III in crucial areas including the promotion of multiple crusades (including the Fifth Crusade and the crusade of William of Montferrat) and how were both pope’s mindsets manifested in writings associated with them? What kind of men did Honorius III and Innocent III select to promote their plans for reform and crusade? How did the laity make their own mark on the crusade through participation in the peace movements which were so crucial to the stability in Europe essential for enabling crusaders to fulfill their vows abroad and through joining in the liturgical processions and prayers deemed essential for divine favor at home and abroad? Further essays explore the commemoration of crusade campaigns through the deliberate construction of physical and literary paths of remembrance. Yet while the enemy was often constructed in a deliberately polarizing fashion, did confessional differences really determine the way in which Latin crusaders and their descendants interacted with the Muslim world or did a more pragmatic position of ‘rough tolerance’ shape mundane activities including trade agreements and treaties?

On the causes of electoral volatility in Asia since 1948

2021 ◽  
pp. 135406882110468
Author(s):  
Don S Lee ◽  
Fernando Casal Bertoa
Keyword(s):  
Party Systems ◽  
Representative Democracy ◽  
Electoral Volatility ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
Additional Finding ◽  
Healthy Functioning ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Detrimental Impact ◽  
Historical Legacies ◽  
The Way

Electoral stability has been viewed as an essential condition for the healthy functioning of representative democracy. However, there is little agreement in the literature about what shapes the stability of the electorate in general nor much attention paid to that of the Asian electorates in particular. We propose historical legacies, uniquely testable in Asia, as central determinants, but also test for conventional factors examined in other regions. By analyzing more than 150 elections in 19 post-WWII Asian democracies, we find that certain types of authoritarian (military or personalist) and colonial (non-British) legacies have a detrimental impact on the stabilization of the electorate, while some of the findings from other regions apply also to Asia. Our additional finding that such effects of historical legacies, particularly authoritarian interludes, are attenuated and cease to be significant with sufficient maturation of democracy, has important implications for the way party systems develop and democracies consolidate.

scholarly journals La relación entre Julio César y Décimo Bruto de cara a los idus de marzo: la visión de Sir Ronald Syme y su recepción historiográfica = The relationship between Julius Caesar and Decimus Brutus with regard to the Ides of March: the view of Sir Ronald Syme and its historiographical reception

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Mikel Gago Gómez de Luna
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
Roman History ◽  
Julius Caesar ◽  
Appreciable Change ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

Resumen: El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar la relación entre J. César y D. Bruto en relación con los idus de marzo en la obra de R. Syme, así como la recepción de la visión del historiador oxoniense en esta materia. A tal fin, comenzaremos realizando una contextualización del tema sobre el que versa el escrito acusando la existencia de un cambio ostensible en el interés de Syme sobre César a partir de 1960. Seguidamente, efectuaremos un análisis de los trabajos del investigador neozelandés en los que se interesó por la cuestión César-Décimo. Y, en fin, estudiaremos los principales estudios que, tras Syme, han retomado el aspecto de la relación entre el dictador y Décimo. Syme reivindica un mayor peso en el cometido de Décimo en la trama criminal de los idus de marzo, y, a su juicio, la hipótesis de atribuir la paternidad de Décimo a César explica mejor el favor que aquel disfruto por parte de este durante toda su carrera. Las contribuciones de Syme allanarán el camino a futuras investigaciones, ora para suscribir sus tesis, ora para discrepar de ellas.Palabras clave: Ronald Syme, Julio César, Décimo Bruto, Historiografía, Historia de Roma.Abstract: The aim of this paper is to study the relationship between J. Caesar and D. Brutus in regard to the Ides of March in the work of R. Syme and the reception of his views on this matter. To this end, we will start contextualizing the subject of the work, noting the existence of an appreciable change in Syme’s interest in Caesar from 1960. Then, the analysis will take up the work of Syme, in which he addresses the issue of Caesar-Brutus. Finally, a review will take in the main works that, after Syme, have resumed the work on this relationship between Caesar and Brutus. Syme claimed Brutus to have played a more significant role in the criminal plot of the Ides of March, and he thinks that the hypothesis of attributing the paternity of Brutus to Caesar explains better the favour that Brutus enjoyed under Caesar throughout his career. Syme’s contributions will pave the way for future researchs, sometimes to concur with his thesis, sometimes to disagree with them.Key words: Ronald Syme, Julius Caesar, Decimus Brutus, Historiography, Roman History.

scholarly journals Een geconstrueerd denken

1970 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 269-292
Author(s):  
Rajesh Heynickx
Keyword(s):  
Main Argument ◽  
Cultural Project ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
The Way

In this article it is demonstrated that an analysis of how building metaphorswere used in the Flemish Catholic discourse of the interwar years can offermore insight into the way a community of believers tries to establish a culturalcohesiveness. The main argument is that in a period of deep transformations,building metaphors could become "instruments" for Catholics whowanted to defend and promote a traditional dimension of their religion.Building metaphors allowed Catholics to stress the stability of their own ideology(the fundaments) and to formulate their own cultural project (buildingplan). By analysing such strategic use of building metaphors in artistic andphilosophical discourses, it can become possible to shed more light on the roleneo-thomism, a main philosophical current in interwar Flanders, played inartistic debates and more specific in discussions on the modernisation of religiousart.

Bangladesh in 2002: Imperiled Democracy

Asian Survey ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rounaq Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Law And Order ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Nationalist Party ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Government ◽  
Dynastic Succession ◽  
The Way

The year did not bring any improvement in the way government and politics function in Bangladesh. Murder, intimidation, suppression, and harassment of political opponents worsened the atmosphere of vendetta and violence that has marked the country's politics in the past few decades. To tackle the deteriorating law and order situation, the government called in the army in October. The administration appeared to be adrift, caught in factional feuds within the ruling coalition. There were also signs of dynastic succession within the ruling Bangladesh Nationalist Party. The economy did not register any significant improvements. Relations with Pakistan improved but Indo-Bangladesh relations hit their lowest point in decades. Citizen disenchantment with political leaders continued to grow.

Denationalization

2017 ◽  
pp. 357-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Gibney
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
State Power ◽  
Academic Work ◽  
Public Order ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Citizenship Status ◽  
The Way

Citizenship in the modern state is in many ways uniquely secure as a status. Yet states have always possessed some bases through which they may remove citizenship, including fraud, disloyalty, acquisition of another citizenship, marriage to a foreigner, and threat to public order. Indeed, denationalization powers have recently gained attention as many liberal states have created new laws to strip citizenship from individuals involved with terrorism. In this chapter, I explore the practice of denationalization. I first consider the definition, grounds, and historical development of denationalization power. I then draw from recent academic work to show how denationalization offers insights into questions of significance relating to the ethical limits of state power, the historical development of citizenship status, and the way restrictive immigration controls impact upon state members. I conclude with a discussion of some outstanding issues raised by the denationalization for scholars of citizenship.

Exemplary Biography

Mnemosyne ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Murray
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Roman History ◽  
Marcus Tullius Cicero ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Way ◽  
Valerius Maximus

Abstract Moving away from the nineteenth century’s concern with Quellenforschung, serious study of Valerius Maximus’ Facta et dicta memorabilia in the twentieth century produced a variety of different approaches to this Tiberian text of exemplary tales. One of the most interesting projects in this regard was produced by T.F. Carney, who scrutinised a key exemplar, Gaius Marius, across the work. In constructing a ‘biography’ from the exempla themselves, Carney’s labour contributed much to Roman history generally, but also pioneered a novel methodology for reading Valerius Maximus—one that was taken up and imitated by later scholars. This methodology, however, is not without problems, particularly in relation to the way that Valerius has shaped, structured, and arranged his work at the level of chapter. By building upon Carney’s methodology, but also considering the context of the individual chapters themselves, I provide in this paper a case study of the way in which Valerius writes the life of Marcus Tullius Cicero—a figure unique in the Facta et dicta memorabilia in being both exemplar and a major source for the work. In doing so, this article elucidates the process of ‘exemplary biography’.

Trade and Financial Relations between India and Pakistan

2020 ◽  
pp. 161-182
Author(s):  
Pallavi Raghavan
Keyword(s):  
Terms Of Trade ◽  
The Other ◽  
Boundary Line ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The Face ◽  
To Come ◽  
The One ◽  
The Way

In this chapter, I chart out how partition shifted the terms of trade between two points now divided by the boundary line. While, on the one hand, both governments made lofty declarations of carrying out trade with one another as independent nation states—taxable, and liable to regulations by both states—on the other, they were also forced to come to a series of arrangements to accommodate commercial transactions to continue in the way that they had always existed before the making of the boundary. In many instances, in fact, it was actually impossible to physically stop the process of commercial transactions between both sides of the border, and the boundary line. Therefore, the question this chapter is concerned with is the extent to which both governments’ positions were amenable to the necessities of contingency, demand, and genuine emergency, in the face of a great deal of rhetoric about how the Indian and Pakistani economies had to be bolstered on their own merits.

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