scholarly journals Students' Perspectives Following Involvement in a Constraint Induced Aphasia Therapy Research Project

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bridget Dincher ◽  
Melissa McGrath ◽  
Julie Griffith
Keyword(s):  
Student Engagement ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Clinical Competence ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Individualized Treatment ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
Collaborative Model ◽  
Research Opportunities ◽  
Aphasia Therapy

The purpose of this project was to provide a reflection on four students’ collaborative research experience implementing Constraint-Induced Aphasia Therapy and highlight the importance of student involvement in research opportunities. Guided reflections were completed and analyzed through a collaborative model to generate common themes of: 1) increased confidence in cuing and 2) adapting individualized treatment. Student engagement in clinical research enhances the quality of their educational experience by fostering clinical competence and confidence.

scholarly journals 3446 The OHSU Physician-Scientist Experience: Integrating intensive translational research training for medical students into a competency-based educational framework

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (s1) ◽  
pp. 74-75
Author(s):  
Karen W. McCracken ◽  
Peter Mayinger ◽  
Cynthia Morris
Keyword(s):  
Medical Student ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Translational Research ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
Research Opportunities ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
Physician Scientist ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The aim of this program is to provide early support to motivated medical students interested in a career as a physician-scientist in a framework of competency-based medical education. The CTSA creates an opportunity to provide clinical research education and protected time for research for medical students in clinical and translational research. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: This physician-scientist experience offers research opportunities in a wide variety of research disciplines, focused on clinical and translational investigations. The program offers both five-month and one-year blocks of protected research time. The five-month option is integrated into the four- year medical curriculum. The one-year option requires enrollment in an established Master of Clinical Research degree. Both options provide research experience under the mentorship of a physician-scientist. The five-month option aligns with UME competencies categorized under the six ACGME Domains of Competence. The one-year option includes coursework in research design, biostatistics, research ethics, data management, scientific communication, and proposal development within the CTSA-based education program. All students in the program attend a bimonthly journal club and seminar series starting in year one and extending through the research experience. This includes discussion of the importance of mentorship, selecting a residency, scientific writing and presentation, and personal narratives of physician-scientists and their pathways to this career. All students will be followed to determine career outcome. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Between 2015 and 2018, 67 students entered the program 46% selected the year out, and 56% selected the 5-month option. Students selecting this program constitute about 10% of the medical student population overall. We have had 17 graduates of the program to date. 55% of the cohort is women which parallels the OHSU medical student population. Long-term follow-up of at least 10 years will be needed to determine career outcomes. We assess student productivity by traditional measures of submitted abstracts, manuscripts, and presentations as well as longer term outcomes such as career orientation in medicine such as entry into a research-oriented residency and ultimately into an academic medicine or research. DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: The OHSU physician-scientist experience successfully matches medical students with a diverse set of research mentors focused on the CTSA. Although institutional structures determine the variety of specific research opportunities, the integration of physician-scientist training into a CTSA-based training program expands the reach of training programs such as the TL1.

Simulation and Emulation Tools for Fog Computing

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simar Preet Singh ◽  
Rajesh Kumar ◽  
Anju Sharma ◽  
S. Raji Reddy ◽  
Priyanka Vashisht
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Programming Languages ◽  
Traffic Management ◽  
Fog Computing ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
Computing Paradigm ◽  
Quality Of Service Parameters ◽  
User Friendly

Background: Fog computing paradigm has recently emerged and gained higher attention in present era of Internet of Things. The growth of large number of devices all around, leads to the situation of flow of packets everywhere on the Internet. To overcome this situation and to provide computations at network edge, fog computing is the need of present time that enhances traffic management and avoids critical situations of jam, congestion etc. Methods: For research purposes, there are many methods to implement the scenarios of fog computing i.e. real-time implementation, implementation using emulators, implementation using simulators etc. The present study aims to describe the various simulation and emulation tools for implementing fog computing scenarios. Results: Review shows that iFogSim is the simulator that most of the researchers use in their research work. Among emulators, EmuFog is being used at higher pace than other available emulators. This might be due to ease of implementation and user-friendly nature of these tools and language these tools are based upon. The use of such tools enhance better research experience and leads to improved quality of service parameters (like bandwidth, network, security etc.). Conclusion: There are many fog computing simulators/emulators based on many different platforms that uses different programming languages. The paper concludes that the two main simulation and emulation tools in the area of fog computing are iFogSim and EmuFog. Accessibility of these simulation/emulation tools enhance better research experience and leads to improved quality of service parameters along with the ease of their usage.

scholarly journals An emergency care research course for healthcare career preparation

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen F. Miller ◽  
Rishub K. Das ◽  
Ciera D. Majors ◽  
Hadassah H. Paz ◽  
Ayana N. Robinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Emergency Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Independent Study ◽  
Course Evaluations ◽  
Biomedical Science ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
Care Research

Abstract Background University students have limited opportunities to gain healthcare clinical exposure within an academic curriculum. Furthermore, traditional pre-medical clinical experiences like shadowing lack active learning components. This may make it difficult for students to make an informed decision about pursuing biomedical professions. An academic university level research course with bedside experience provides students direct clinical participation in the healthcare setting. Methods Described is a research immersion course for senior university students (3rd to 5th year) interested in healthcare and reported study enrollment with final course evaluations. The setting was an adult, academic, urban, level 1 trauma center emergency department (ED) within a tertiary-care, 1000-bed, medical center. Our course, “Immersion in Emergency Care Research”, was offered as a university senior level class delivered consecutively over 16-weeks for students interested in healthcare careers. Faculty and staff from the Department of Emergency Medicine provided a classroom lecture program and extensive bedside, hands-on clinical research experience. Students enrolled patients in a survey study requiring informed consent, interviews, data abstraction and data entry. Additionally, they were required to write and present a mock emergency care research proposal inspired by their clinical experience. The course evaluations from students’ ordinal rankings and blinded text responses report possible career impact. Results Thirty-two students, completed the 16-week, 6–9 h per week, course from August to December in 1 of 4 years (2016 to 2019). Collectively, students enrolled 759 ED patients in the 4 survey studies and reported increased confidence in the clinical research process as each week progressed. Ranked evaluations were extremely positive, with many students describing how the course significantly impacted their career pathways and addressed an unmet need in biomedical education. Six students continued the research experience from the course through independent study using the survey data to develop 3 manuscripts for submission to peer-reviewed journals. Conclusions A bedside emergency care research course for students with pre-healthcare career aspirations can successfully provide early exposure to patients and emergency care, allow direct experience with clinical bedside research, research data collection, and may impact biomedical science career choices.

scholarly journals Quality of life in primary sclerosing cholangitis: a systematic review

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Marcus ◽  
Paddy Stone ◽  
Anna-Maria Krooupa ◽  
Douglas Thorburn ◽  
Bella Vivat
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis ◽  
Sclerosing Cholangitis ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Research Studies

Abstract Background Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a rare bile duct and liver disease which can considerably impact quality of life (QoL). As part of a project developing a measure of QoL for people with PSC, we conducted a systematic review with four review questions. The first of these questions overlaps with a recently published systematic review, so this paper reports on the last three of our initial four questions: (A) How does QoL in PSC compare with other groups?, (B) Which attributes/factors are associated with impaired QoL in PSC?, (C) Which interventions are effective in improving QoL in people with PSC?. Methods We systematically searched five databases from inception to 1 November 2020 and assessed the methodological quality of included studies using standard checklists. Results We identified 28 studies: 17 for (A), ten for (B), and nine for (C). Limited evidence was found for all review questions, with few studies included in each comparison, and small sample sizes. The limited evidence available indicated poorer QoL for people with PSC compared with healthy controls, but findings were mixed for comparisons with the general population. QoL outcomes in PSC were comparable to other chronic conditions. Itch, pain, jaundice, severity of inflammatory bowel disease, liver cirrhosis, and large-duct PSC were all associated with impaired QoL. No associations were found between QoL and PSC severity measured with surrogate markers of disease progression or one of three prognostic scoring systems. No interventions were found to improve QoL outcomes. Conclusion The limited findings from included studies suggest that markers of disease progression used in clinical trials may not reflect the experiences of people with PSC. This highlights the importance for clinical research studies to assess QoL alongside clinical and laboratory-based outcomes. A valid and responsive PSC-specific measure of QoL, to adequately capture all issues of importance to people with PSC, would therefore be helpful for clinical research studies.

scholarly journals Preparation of irreversible hydrocolloids to improve retention of complete dentures

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 131-134
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Aleksov ◽  
Sasa Stankovic ◽  
Zorica Ajdukovic
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Research ◽  
Dimensional Change ◽  
Complete Dentures ◽  
Consistency Analysis ◽  
Working Models ◽  
Retention Force ◽  
Impression Materials ◽  
Research Show

Introduction Precise reproduction of anatomical-morphological details of dentures support on working models presupposes adequate application of modern impression materials and casting procedure, as well as minimal dimensional change of these materials. The aim of the study: experimental and clinical research is connected to irreversible hydrocolloids and the objective was to examine the most suitable consistency of the alginate as the impression mass for the purpose of improving retention of complete dentures. Material and methods This research included 35 completely toothless patients, most of who had already had complete dentures, 40-80 years of age and of both sexes. Static adhesion was measured with aery late plates made of adequate corresponding and various models depending on consistency of the irreversible hydrocolloids. Each model was cut into three parts, the cuts obtained were mutually compared, and computerized graphic charts of each section were made. Results The results of the research show that there is a greater retention force in the acrylate plates obtained on models castled on an anatomical impression base taken with irreversible hydrocolloides of solid consistency. Analysis of the results shows such quality of impressed tissues that they are practically slightly displaced by the impressions regardless of the consistency of the material impressed. Conclusion In conclusion it is pointed out that the preparation of irreversible hydrocolloides must be carried out by strictly obeying the powder-water weight ratios. The sections of the models obtained by irreversible hydrocolloides of various consistencies, that is by applying different pressures, point to minimal displacement of tissues and great differences in the retention force in favor of the compressive impression.

Can Investigator Certification Improve the Quality of Clinical Research?

1999 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary D. Lightfoot ◽  
Sandra M. Sanford ◽  
Arna Shefrin
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Research

Collaborative Research: Once More Into the Breach

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 510-511
Author(s):  
EVAN CHARNEY
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Organ System ◽  
Biomedical Science ◽  
Memorial Hospital ◽  
Narrow Focus ◽  
Higher Power ◽  
Practice Based Research

In this issue, Christoffel and associates1 described a new program of practice-based research involving community pediatricians and the Department of Pediatrics at Children's Memorial Hospital in Chicago. In one sense, all clinical research is practice based and has a long and honorable history in medicine. What has changed is that the gap between those who conduct research and those in clinical practice has widened. As the pathophysiology of diseases is better understood, the frontier of biomedical science has moved from the whole patient to the organ system, the cell, and, now, the molecular level. It is as if each generation of researchers has snapped a progressively higher power lens under the microscope, with a deeper but more narrow focus.

Participation in Clinical Trials May Improve Care of Acute Schizophrenia Inpatients in a General Hospital

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 757-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uriel Halbreich ◽  
Nancy Smail ◽  
Xin Tu ◽  
Judith Halbreich
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Physical Restraints ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Acute Schizophrenia ◽  
Hospital Wards ◽  
Study Inclusion

AbstractIntroduction: This report demonstrates parameters of quality of care and treatment outcome of acute schizophrenia patients who were involved as subjects in a clinical trial of two marketed widely used antipsychotics compared with their fellow patients who received routine clinical hospital care.Methods: Patients were newly admitted severely agitated schizophrenia patients who agreed to participate in a double-blind randomized trial of short-term (5 days) rate of improvement in response to two second-generation oral antipsychotics. Treatment outcomes as measured by the Clinical Global Impression and parameters of quality of care were compared with the general population of inpatients in the same county hospital.Results: Of 145 patients screened, 109 patients did not meet study inclusion and exclusion criteria. It is of note that systematic diagnostic interview did not confirm the clinical diagnosis of schizophrenia in 17 patients (11.7%). Study patients had shorter length of stay (6.75 days vs 15.3 days of total psychiatric patients at the hospital during the study period), no physical restraints (vs 21.9%), no use of antipsychotics as chemical restraints (vs 19.8%), and less recidivism following the trial (28.1%) compared with prior to the trial (64.3%).Conclusion: Patients who participate in structured clinical research with well-delineated procedures, clinical outcome measures, and clear expectations, faired better than their fellow patients in the same non-research hospital wards. Application of some characteristics of clinical research to the diagnosis and treatment of clinical non-research patients may be considered.

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