scholarly journals THE INTERNATIONAL CHARACTER OF THE PERSIAN VOCABULARY IN THE BASHKIR LANGUAGE

2018 ◽  
pp. 154-157
Author(s):  
Rostam Muratovich Sayafi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Character

Reading Old Books

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Mack
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Elizabeth Gaskell ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Ngugi Wa Thiong'o ◽  
First Century ◽  
Creative Power ◽  
Urban Deprivation ◽  
A Minor ◽  
International Character

In literary and cultural studies, “tradition” is a word everyone uses but few address critically. In this book, the author offers a wide-ranging exploration of the creative power of literary tradition, from the middle ages to the twenty-first century, revealing in new ways how it helps writers and readers make new works and meanings. The book argues that the best way to understand tradition is by examining the moments when a writer takes up an old text and writes something new out of a dialogue with that text and the promptings of the present situation. The book examines Petrarch as a user, instigator, and victim of tradition. It shows how Chaucer became the first great English writer by translating and adapting a minor poem by Boccaccio. It investigates how Ariosto, Tasso, and Spenser made new epic meanings by playing with assumptions, episodes, and phrases translated from their predecessors. It then analyzes how the Victorian novelist Elizabeth Gaskell drew on tradition to address the new problem of urban deprivation in Mary Barton. And, finally, it looks at how the Kenyan writer Ngũgĩ wa Thiong'o, in his 2004 novel Wizard of the Crow, reflects on biblical, English literary, and African traditions. Drawing on key theorists, critics, historians, and sociologists, and stressing the international character of literary tradition, the book illuminates the not entirely free choices readers and writers make to create meaning in collaboration and competition with their models.

Dutch dialectology

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 263-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton M. Hagen
Keyword(s):  
International Perspective ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
National Heritage ◽  
Diffusion Studies ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Regional Dialect ◽  
National Perspective ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
International Character ◽  
Historical Sketch

Summary This paper presents an historical sketch of Dutch dialectology in a twofold perspective: the national perspective, in which dialectology is an integral part of the study of Dutch, and the international perspective, in which Dutch dialectology participates in international developments in the field. The period until 1880 has a clearly self-centered orientation; especially in the 19th century, dialects are viewed as a part of the national heritage. The German and French schools in linguistic geography are used as examples in the period of the emergence of scientific Dutch dialectology (1880–1930); after pioneering work at the turn of the century, it takes until the twenties before a good infrastructure for dialect research is built up. Two of the promotors from that period, Jac. van Ginneken (1877–1945) and Gesinus G. Kloeke (1887–1963), receive special attention for their remarkable sociolinguistic contributions to dialectology. The period 1930–1960 is one of consolidation and of fundamental reflections upon the history and the differentiation of Dutch, as can be seen from different types of studies (basic projects, regional dialect studies, diffusion studies, contact studies). The most recent period since 1960 again displays a more international character as is demonstrated with reference to structural, generative, and sociolinguistic dialect studies.

Bezet door het ijs

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-357
Author(s):  
Hans Beelen
Keyword(s):  
18Th Century ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Literary Setting ◽  
International Character

Abstract Beset by Ice The Dutch Literary Resonance of Unfortunate Whaling Voyages in the Catastrophic Year 1777/1778 The Greenland whaling catastrophe of the year 1777 resulted in seventeen voyage descriptions, written in five languages over a period of 40 years. Travelogues in Dutch, German and Danish reflect the international character of the 18th century whaling trade. As for the Dutch literary setting, there appear to be great differences in style and processing between printed journals written by surviving seamen and descriptions written by or in collaboration with more or less professional authors.

The Contribution of Channels to the Definition of Straits Used For International Navigation

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-89
Author(s):  
Michael C. Stelakatos-Loverdos
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Importance ◽  
Coastal State ◽  
Maritime Traffic ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
International Character ◽  
High Seas

AbstractThe questions of what is "a strait used for international navigation", and the regime applicable in such waterways or even in "broad" straits, remain unsettled in the LOS Convention. However, channels of navigation may assist in determining the "geographical situation" of international straits. It is submitted, therefore, that, where there is only one coastal state bordering more than one strait connecting the same parts of the high seas or the EEZ, the claim of transit passage through straits of secondary importance may be abusive. Obviously, the non-application of transit passage on the grounds of abuse of rights is not able to modify the international character of such waterways, the regime of non-suspendable innocent passage being thus applicable. Moreover, modalities of passage evidenced by the existence of maritime traffic through channels of navigation may be useful when determining the "extent" of the regime of transit passage in the so-called "broad" straits.

scholarly journals TERMS, NOMENS AND PRAGMATONYMS IN THE SPECIAL LANGUAGE OF SPORT (Based on Eponymous Terms)

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-11
Author(s):  
Natalia N. Bobyreva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sports Facilities ◽  
Semantic Meaning ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
The Status ◽  
Proper Name ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
International Character ◽  
Suggested Classification ◽  
Special Language

The article deals with the problem of distinguishing between terminology and nomenclature in the eponymous lexis of sports. It starts with a review of research works concerned with the differences between terms, nomens, and pragmatonyms. As the extralinguistic factors influence research into peculiarities of a particular special language, including the status of its units, there is also provided a review of works covering the problems of special sports lexis classification. Eponymous lexis is considered as a special and significant inventory of special language units, from the historical, cultural, and professional points of view. The proper name as a constituent of eponymous terms, nomens, and pragmatonyms predetermines the similarities between these types of lexis. The functional features common for eponymous terms, nomens, and pragmatonyms are their international character and stylistic neutrality, i. e. the ability to function in all the registers of communication. Distinguishing between eponymous terminology and nomenclature is based on the semantic criteria, namely the idea of the referent’s oneness. The semantic meaning and thematic relatedness of the unit, as well as the nomination principles, are taken into account. Eponymous terms are the units formed on the basis of proper names and denoting actions, systems of exercises, equipment, rules, formulae for coun­ting the results. Eponymous nomens are the units naming sports facilities, competitions, prizes, teams, and clubs. The names of products manufactured in lots are considered to be pragmatonyms. The methodology upon which the suggested classification is based may be used in research on special languages of other spheres, eponymous units related to different themes, and while analyzing the linguistic features of units belonging to the special language of sports.

scholarly journals Why Context Matters for Educational Policy – Analysing Interactive Practice in the Governance of Education for Sustainable Development in Germany

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (04) ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Janne von Seggern ◽  
Mandy Singer-Brodowski
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Education For Sustainable Development ◽  
Educational Policies ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Civil Society Organisations ◽  
The Individual ◽  
International Character

The implementation of global educational policies such as Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) entails different national strategies despite its international character. In Germany, the transfer of ESD is characterized by a multi-actor process including representatives from academia, administration, civil society organisations (CSOs), and educational practice – coordinated by the national state. On the basis of five focus group discussions, we examined how the individual actors coordinated their actions in this process. The results show that the communicative interactions of multi-actor processes mirror the specificity of the education sectors’ structures and dynamics. In our analysis, we thus conclude that ESD governance is more than a question of national and regional structures: we argue that an understanding of the structures and cultures of the involved educational areas can contribute to a differentiated knowledge for future ESD policies.

scholarly journals Contextualising Late-Nineteenth-Century Feminism: Problems and Comparisons

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-36
Author(s):  
Judith Allen
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Women's Movements ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
American Experience ◽  
American Hegemony ◽  
History Of ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
Sexual Cultures ◽  
International Character

Abstract Histories of feminism since the 1970s have generally observed national and regional boundaries. In view of the international character of women's movements in western countries since the last quarter of the nineteenth century, the neglect of comparative approaches has been unfortunate. The outcome is parochialism and inwardness, as feminist historians evaluate feminists of the past according to current preoccupations, in a cycle of identification and repudiation. An Anglo-American hegemony in the field is identified as is the consequent and pervasive “Northern Hemispherism” it ordains (notwithstanding an almost invariable omission of Canadian feminist experience). Advantages of comparative, international approaches to the history of feminism are not confined to the virtues of representativeness and comprehensiveness. Rather, major causal and chronological schema generalised from Anglo-American experience stand to beproblematised and revised in more useful directions. Most significantly, comparative studies of feminism permit due recognition of the fact that feminism emerged relatively contiguously across western countries in response to relatively common international characteristics of transformations in sexual patternings and sexual cultures.

Piracy as a Crime of an International Character

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Shestak ◽  
Margarita Dyachenko
Keyword(s):  
International Character
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