Urban Planning and Planning Power of Local Governments

PurposeThis study aims to examine the trajectory of the urban growth of Borneo by portraying its resilient settlements in the pre-colonial times, tropical sensitive colonial architecture, the built environment of the post–independence period and finally the contemporary city image. This is followed by a comparative study of its major urban centres and determining how globalisation and neoliberalism impact the traditional urban settlements of this island and poses a threat to its rich biodiversity.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses case study research methodology involving selected cities on the Island of Borneo including Kota Kinabalu, Sandakan, Miri and Kuching (Sabah and Sarawak, Malaysia), Bandar Seri Begawan (Brunei), and major cities of the state of Kalimantan, Indonesia. Data collection includes a literature review, content analysis, field assessment and observations. The major research objectives would address past and current issues in the selected urban environment of Borneo. They address the historical evolution of major cities of Borneo, current urban development trends, the deterioration of the traditional urban fabric as a result of post–independence development and later globalisation.FindingsThis study found that the rich cultural tradition and climate-responsive architecture from the past have been discontinued to pave way for fast track and often speculative development. The results contribute in the convergence of existing shortcomings of cities from three nations on Borneo Island in guiding future sustainable urban planning agenda for achieving a resilient city status while reinstating the character and the sense of place. The study expects the recommendations to become prerequisites for future urban planning in sensitive tropical regions.Originality/valueThis research identified a new “Borneo approach” to urban development. The study strongly recommends top priorities for the central, state and local governments of Malaysia, Brunei and Indonesia allowing the planners and decision-makers to establish a new tropical urban planning initiative with the ample design practice for this unique region in Southeast Asia. The results of this study can serve as the guiding principles for other urban environments in fragile and sensitive tropical regions.

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Planners Support of E-Participation in the Field of Urban Planning

Handbook of Research on E-Planning ◽

10.4018/978-1-61520-929-3.ch012 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 237-251 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mikael Granberg ◽

Joachim Åström

Keyword(s):

Urban Planning ◽

Citizen Participation ◽

Local Governments ◽

Participatory Democracy ◽

Communicative Planning ◽

Positive Attitudes

The chapter questions what planners really mean when they display positive attitudes toward increased citizen participation via ICTs? Are they aiming for change or the reinforcement of existing values and practices? What are the assumptions that underlie and condition the explicit support for e-participation? In addressing these questions, this chapter draws upon a survey mapping the support for e-participation in the field of urban planning, targeting the heads of the planning departments in all Swedish local governments in 2006. The results show confusing or conflicting attitudes among planners towards participation, supporting as well as challenging the classic normative theories of participatory democracy and communicative planning.

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The Implications of the New Geography Framework of Urban Agro Ecology on Urban Planning

10.4018/978-1-6684-2349-3.ch007 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 141-170

Author(s):

José G. Vargas-Hernández

Keyword(s):

Urban Planning ◽

Local Governments ◽

Theoretical Framework ◽

Empirical Literature ◽

Technological Research ◽

Disadvantaged Communities ◽

Model Based ◽

Constructive Analysis ◽

New Geography

This chapter has the objective to analyze the implications that the new geography framework of urban agro ecology has on urban planning. It departs from the assumption that the new geography is a theoretical framework for the for the analysis of the economic, social, political, ecological, technological, research, and science based on the interrelationships between urban agro ecology and urban planning. The methodology is based in a constructive analysis of the reviewed theoretical and empirical literature to infer a model based on the construct of the new geography. Finally, it is concluded that urban planning of local governments can formulate and implement strategies based on the new geography framework in urban agro ecology to proving incentives in new urban developments and to benefit disadvantaged communities.

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Urban planning following humanitarian crises: supporting urban communities and local governments to take the lead

Environment and Urbanization ◽

10.1177/0956247817732727 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 265-282 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Victoria Maynard ◽

Elizabeth Parker ◽

Rahayu Yoseph-Paulus ◽

David Garcia

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Urban Planning ◽

Urban Communities ◽

Local Governments ◽

Task Force ◽

The Philippines ◽

Government Support ◽

Humanitarian Crises ◽

Government Capacity ◽

The Indian Ocean

This paper describes research investigating UN-Habitat’s experience supporting communities and local government to undertake urban planning following humanitarian crises. Two case studies were examined: Banda Aceh, Indonesia, following the Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami in 2004; and Tacloban, the Philippines, following Super Typhoon Haiyan in 2013. The study found that urban planning following humanitarian crises can empower communities and governments to manage their own recovery. However, they may lack the knowledge, experience, time, tools or technology needed to take the lead. Organizations supporting urban communities and local government to undertake urban planning following humanitarian crises should consider: the most appropriate speed, scale and depth of the intervention given the context and their own funding and capacity; building local government capacity through secondments or partnerships; establishing a recovery and reconstruction planning task force; appropriate strategies for working with affected communities and their leaders; and advocating for national government support.

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Urban Planning Information Systems and E-Government in Al-Madinah

Journal of King Abdulaziz University-Environmental Design Sciences ◽

10.4197/env.10-1.6 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 149-166

Author(s):

Yousef A. M. Neyazi Yousef A. M. Neyazi

Keyword(s):

Information Systems ◽

Urban Planning ◽

Local Governments ◽

Electronic Systems ◽

Local Planning ◽

Governmental Agencies ◽

Government Project ◽

Developed World ◽

Electronic Technologies ◽

Policy Setting

. Since last two decades, information systems are widely adopted in all life aspects. In developed world, electronic systems been now shared by government’s firms and organizations using Shared- database for managing civic affaires for town, city or in some cases for country for development process worldwide. Moreover they are been adopted even in developing countries such Saudi Arabia in various local governments and Al-Madinah is one of those. These information systems are not applied for just administrative issues, but more for analytical and planning tasks. Such information systems those are used in urban planning are called 'Urban Information Systems' especially the Geographic Information Systems "GIS". This paper reviews literature of urban information systems through three levels: globally, regionally, and locally. Then how this will requires a reform of local governments and municipalities to gain form existing electronic technologies and governmental agencies and bodies, individuals, and public in integrating efforts in developments of cities. More over it explores the case of the project of Al-Madinah e-government'. At last the paper shows how GIS can be used for local planning for future projects, measures forecast, and policy setting. E-government project in Al-Madinah is the first one in Saudi, and will be applied in all over the rest cities. Urban information systems are promising huge capabilities and potentials for efficiency of urban planning in terms of: Public participation, electronic research for urban data, and supporting decision making.

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The Impact of Sea-Level Rise on Urban Properties in Tampa Due to Climate Change

Water ◽

10.3390/w14010013 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 13

Author(s):

Weiwei Xie ◽

Bo Tang ◽

Qingmin Meng

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Global Warming ◽

Urban Planning ◽

Sea Level Rise ◽

Sea Level ◽

Local Governments ◽

Spatial Information ◽

Altimeter Data ◽

Sea Levels ◽

The Impact

Fast urbanization produces a large and growing population in coastal areas. However, the increasing rise in sea levels, one of the most impacts of global warming, makes coastal communities much more vulnerable to flooding than before. While most existing work focuses on understanding the large-scale impacts of sea-level rise, this paper investigates parcel-level property impacts, using a specific coastal city, Tampa, Florida, USA, as an empirical study. This research adopts a spatial-temporal analysis method to identify locations of flooded properties and their costs over a future period. A corrected sea-level rise model based on satellite altimeter data is first used to predict future global mean sea levels. Based on high-resolution LiDAR digital elevation data and property maps, properties to be flooded are identified to evaluate property damage cost. This empirical analysis provides deep understanding of potential flooding risks for individual properties with detailed spatial information, including residential, commercial, industrial, agriculture, and governmental buildings, at a fine spatial scale under three different levels of global warming. The flooded property maps not only help residents to choose location of their properties, but also enable local governments to prevent potential sea-level rising risks for better urban planning. Both spatial and temporal analyses can be easily applied by researchers or governments to other coastal cities for sea-level rise- and climate change-related urban planning and management.

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Between Consultation and Collaboration: Self-Reported Objectives for 25 Web-Based Geoparticipation Projects in Urban Planning

ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information ◽

10.3390/ijgi10110783 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 783

Author(s):

Ian Babelon ◽

Jiří Pánek ◽

Enzo Falco ◽

Reinout Kleinhans ◽

James Charlton

Keyword(s):

Urban Planning ◽

Citizen Participation ◽

Local Governments ◽

Online Survey ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Web Based ◽

The Public ◽

Planning Processes ◽

Cross Country ◽

Survey Responses

Web-based participatory mapping technologies are being increasingly harnessed by local governments to crowdsource local knowledge and engage the public in urban planning policies as a means of increasing the transparency and legitimacy of planning processes and decisions. We refer to these technologies as “geoparticipation”. Current innovations are outpacing research into the use of geoparticipation in participatory planning practices. To address this knowledge gap, this paper investigates the objectives of web-based geoparticipation and uses empirical evidence from online survey responses related to 25 urban planning projects in nine countries across three continents (Europe, North America, and Australia). The survey adopts the objectives of the Spectrum for Public Participation that range from information empowerment, with each category specifying promises about how public input is expected to influence decision-making (IAP2, 2018). Our findings show that geoparticipation can leverage a ‘middle-ground’ of citizen participation by facilitating involvement alongside consultation and/or collaboration. This paper constitutes a pilot study as a step toward more robust and replicable empirical studies for cross-country comparisons. Empowerment (or citizen control) is not yet a normative goal or outcome for web-based geoparticipation. Our evidence also suggests that information is pursued alongside other objectives for citizen participation, and therefore functions not as a “low-hanging fruit” as portrayed in the literature, but rather as a core component of higher intensities of participation.

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LAND MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS IN NEPAL: REPERCUSSIONS OF LAND USE POLICY AND IMPLEMENTATION GAPS IN REGIONAL AND URBAN PLANNING

ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences ◽

10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-5-w2-17-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol IV-5/W2 ◽

pp. 17-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

B. J. K. Chand

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Urban Planning ◽

Land Management ◽

Land Use Planning ◽

Land Reform ◽

Local Governments ◽

Rural Economy ◽

Land Use Policy ◽

Land Resources ◽

Implementation Gaps

Abstract. In lieu of advancement in human civilization from nomadic age to quest for welfare capitalism in recent days, land resources have been one of the most sought after assets for subsequent socio-economic development. The concept of land, once only geo-political has evolved to be interdisciplinary with developmental and managerial aspects in regional and urban planning worldwide making the facets of land management more complex than ever. In the context of modern Nepal, governance in systematic land management appeared during mid-1960 only with establishment of Ministry of Land Reform (MoLR). This paper aims to provide constructive criticism upon institutional fragmentation, and fragile policy and implementation gaps in land use administration which have been bewildering the concepts of regional and urban planning in Nepal. The recitation of this work is primarily based on selected literature review of relevant research on land use planning along with two representative case studies in national context and in international scenario as well. Despite rigorous efforts, the issues of competence in land administration, migration and syndicate in urban real estate remain as the major problems in land management in Nepal. Also, the new state restructuring of federal Nepal has already upraised the challenges in land resources planning for local governments who but seem muddled up in constructing rural economy and strategic urban plan for regional development. Nevertheless, these concerns in regional and urban planning can be addressed through practice of sustainable land management with thoughtful consideration of ambiguities in land use policy and implementation.

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The Features and Causes of Spatial Planning Conflicts in China: Taking Urban Planning and Land-Use Planning as Examples

Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies ◽

10.1142/s2345748119500039 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 07 (02) ◽

pp. 1950003

Author(s):

Weifeng KONG ◽

Hanchu LIU ◽

Jie FAN

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Urban Planning ◽

Land Use Planning ◽

Local Governments ◽

Spatial Planning ◽

Conflicts Of Interest ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

Planning System ◽

Design System ◽

Construction Land

The conflicts in spatial planning are the main reason that restricts the sustainable development of land use in China, and it is also the main barrier to the building of “Territorial Spatial Planning System”. This study analyzes the conflicts between urban planning and land-use planning from the three dimensions of construction land, basic farmland and ecological land based on a land-use transition matrix with the central urban area of Liupanshui City, Guizhou Province as a case region, and analyzes the causes of spatial planning conflicts from the perspectives of the central and local governments in terms of their preferences and interactive relationships. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows. (1) Urban planning and land-use planning have comprehensive conflicts with each other in terms of the construction land, basic farmland and ecological land, i.e. the scale of construction land in urban planning is 154% of that in land-use planning, and the scale of basic farmland in urban planning is 88.56% of that in land-use planning. (2) Central and local governments are the two main stakeholders of spatial planning, and they have different preferences for the utilization of spatial resources at prefecture-level cities. The central government is concerned about food security, and therefore, pays more attention to the protection of cultivated land, while the local governments focus on economic benefits and the ecological environment, and therefore, pay more attention to construction and ecological lands. (3) The urban planning system is a bottom-up design system, which determines that urban planning mainly reflects the preferences of local governments, while the land-use planning system is a top-down design system, which determines that land-use planning mainly reflects the central government’s preferences. The policy implication of this study is that in order to manage spatial planning conflicts, it is necessary to manage the conflicts of interest among stakeholders.

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The Implications of the New Geography Framework of Urban Agro Ecology on Urban Planning

International Journal of Environmental Sustainability and Green Technologies ◽

10.4018/ijesgt.2021010101 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 1-25

Author(s):

José G. Vargas-Hernández ◽

Olga E. Domené-Painenao

Keyword(s):

Urban Planning ◽

Local Governments ◽

Theoretical Framework ◽

Empirical Literature ◽

Technological Research ◽

Disadvantaged Communities ◽

Model Based ◽

Constructive Analysis ◽

New Geography

This paper has the objective to analyze the implications that the new geography framework of urban agro ecology has on urban planning. It departs from the assumption that the new geography is a theoretical framework for the for the analysis of the economic, social, political, ecological, technological, research, and science based on the interrelationships between urban agro ecology and urban planning. The methodology is based in a constructive analysis of the reviewed theoretical and empirical literature to infer a model based on the construct of the new geography. Finally, it is concluded that urban planning of local governments can formulate and implement strategies based on the new geography framework in urban agro ecology to proving incentives in new urban developments and to benefit disadvantaged communities.

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