scholarly journals Identification of Differentially Expressed Tear Proteins after Corneal Reconstruction with DPSIS Graft in Dogs Suffering from Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sowbharenya , Chelladurai
Keyword(s):  
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Tear Proteins

scholarly journals RECENT TRENDS IN MANAGEMENT OF KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS SICCA (DRY EYE DISEASE)

2019 ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
NITHISH SHEKAR ◽  
D. V. GOWDA ◽  
HITESH KUMAR ◽  
GAURAV K. JAIN ◽  
VIKAS JAIN
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Ocular Surface ◽  
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca ◽  
Tear Film ◽  
Dry Eye Disease ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Surface Sensitivity ◽  
Tear Proteins ◽  
Ophthalmic Delivery ◽  
Recent Trends

At the air-water interface, the tear film lipid layer (TFLL), a combination of lipids and proteins plays an important role in surface tension of the tear and is necessary for the physiological hydration of the ocular surface and maintenance of ocular homeostasis. Alteration in lacrimal fluid rheology, differences in lipid constitution or down regulation of particular tear proteins are found in maximum types of ocular surface disease including dry eye disease (DED). Dry eye is a disorder of the tear film due to tear deficiency or excessive tear evaporation, which causes damage to the interpalpebral ocular surface and is associated with symptoms of discomfort. It results in changes on the ocular surface epithelia causing reduced tear quantity and surface sensitivity which leads to inflammation reactions. Managing this inflammation is very helpful in dry eye disease patients. In this article we revise the current understanding of tear film properties, ocular surface and review the effectiveness of topically applied tear supplements, thermo sensitive atelocollagen punctal plug, subtrasal ultrasonic transducers, novel liposome based gelling tear formation and insulin based ophthalmic delivery systems which help in restoring the healthy tear film.

scholarly journals Changes in tear protein profile in dogs with keratoconjunctivitis sicca following topical treatment using cyclosporine A

2021 ◽  
pp. 1711-1717
Author(s):  
Metita Sussadee ◽  
Rucksak Rucksaken ◽  
Phattara-Orn Havanapan ◽  
Onrapak Reamtong ◽  
Aree Thayananuphat
Keyword(s):  
Cyclosporine A ◽  
Protein Identification ◽  
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca ◽  
Protein Pattern ◽  
Protein Profile ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Tear Proteins ◽  
Tear Protein

Background and Aim: Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) is a chronic inflammatory ocular disease that occurs in many dog breeds worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the tear protein pattern of healthy dogs, KCS dogs, and KCS dogs after treatment with cyclosporine A (CsA). Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight dogs of any breed were enrolled in the study. The subjects were divided into three groups: Healthy, KCS, and CsA-treated dogs. Tear samples were collected using Schirmer strips. Tear proteins extracted from the strips were analyzed using two-dimensional electrophoresis. For the first dimension, total protein from tears was separated by isoelectric focusing. The second dimension was performed using 12.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The gel images were analyzed and the protein spots of differential expression were manually cut for protein annotation using mass spectrometry. Results: In total, 12 protein spots were excised and subjected to protein identification. Associated with KCS, six protein spots were a downregulated protein, namely, lysozyme. The other six protein spots were upregulated in KCS dogs, consisting of heat shock protein beta-1, protein S100-A12, and keratin type II cytoskeletal 1 and 5. After treatment with CsA for 45 days, the lysozyme protein was still decreasing and the inflammation protein (S100-A12) was not identified. Conclusion: Inflammatory tear proteins and proteins involved in cellular stress were present in KCS dogs and appeared to be reduced in medicated eyes. Treatment with topical CsA in the short term may not improve the activity of antibacterial proteins. Changes in the expression patterns of these four proteins might be useful for disease severity and progression assessment, as well as for exploring a novel method for dry eye management in dogs.

scholarly journals Differentially Expressed Gene Pathways in the Conjunctiva of Sjögren Syndrome Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cintia S. de Paiva ◽  
Claudia M. Trujillo-Vargas ◽  
Laura Schaefer ◽  
Zhiyuan Yu ◽  
Robert A. Britton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca ◽  
Differentially Expressed Gene ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Sjögren Syndrome ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Bulbar Conjunctiva ◽  
Sjogren Syndrome ◽  
Severity Scores ◽  
Positive Correlations

Sjögren syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune condition that targets the salivary and lacrimal glands, with cardinal clinical signs of dry eye (keratoconjunctivitis sicca, KCS) and dry mouth. The conjunctiva of SS patients is often infiltrated by immune cells that participate in the induction and maintenance of local inflammation. The purpose of this study was to investigate immune-related molecular pathways activated in the conjunctiva of SS patients. Female SS patients (n=7) and controls (n=19) completed a series of oral, ocular surface exams. Symptom severity scores were evaluated using validated questionnaires (OSDI and SANDE). All patients fulfilled the ACR/EULAR criteria for SS and the criteria for KCS. Fluorescein and lissamine green dye staining evaluated tear-break-up time (TBUT), corneal and conjunctival disease, respectively. Impression cytology of the temporal bulbar conjunctiva was performed to collect cells lysed and subjected to gene expression analysis using the NanoString Immunology Panel. 53/594 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were observed between SS and healthy controls; 49 DEGs were upregulated, and 4 were downregulated (TRAF5, TGFBI, KLRAP1, and CMKLRI). The top 10 DEGs in descending order were BST2, IFITM1, LAMP3, CXCL1, IL19, CFB, LY96, MX1, IL4R, CDKN1A. Twenty pathways had a global significance score greater or equal to 2. Spearman correlations showed that 29/49 upregulated DEGs correlated with either TBUT (inverse) or OSDI or conjunctival staining score (positive correlations). Venn diagrams identified that 26/29 DEGs correlated with TBUT, 5/26 DEGs correlated with OSDI, and 16/26 correlated with conjunctival staining scores. Five upregulated DEGs (CFB, CFI, IL1R1, IL2RG, IL4R) were uniquely negatively correlated with TBUT. These data indicate that the conjunctiva of SS patients exhibits a phenotype of immune activation, although some genes could be inhibitory. Some of the DEGs and pathways overlap with previous DEGs in salivary gland biopsies, but new DEGs were identified, and some of these correlated with symptoms and signs of dry eye. Our results indicate that gene analysis of conjunctiva imprints is a powerful tool to understand the pathogenesis of SS and develop new therapeutic targets.

Differentially expressed microRNAs during myofibroblastic transdifferentiation of Hepatic Stellate Cells

2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Strack ◽  
M Scheffler ◽  
S Schievenbusch ◽  
J Riemer ◽  
A Noetel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Stellate Cells ◽  
Stellate Cells ◽  
Differentially Expressed

Cyclosporin A: Ein Überblick über Anwendung, Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit bei Hunden

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (05) ◽  
pp. 333-343
Author(s):  
M. Linek ◽  
J. Linek ◽  
S. Kaps ◽  
L. Mecklenburg
Keyword(s):  
Cyclosporin A ◽  
Klinische Studien ◽  
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca ◽  
Klinische Relevanz ◽  
Topische Applikation

Zusammenfassung: Gegenstand und Ziel: Das Immunmodulativum Cyclosporin A (CsA) wird beim Hund in zunehmendem Maße zur Therapie von Erkrankungen der Haut und des Auges eingesetzt. Da es jedoch nur wenige plazebokontrollierte Studien zur Wirksamkeit gibt, treten bei Tierärzten und Tierbesitzern häufig Fragen zur Effektivität und Sicherheit von CsA auf. Material und Methoden: Diese Übersichtsarbeit fasst alle gegenwärtigen Anwendungsgebiete von CsA beim Hund zusammen, erläutert die in klinischen Studien nachgewiesene Wirksamkeit und diskutiert das Risikopotenzial von unerwünschten Nebenwirkungen. Ergebnisse: CsA-Formulierungen für Hunde sind in Deutschland für die Therapie der atopischen Dermatitis (AD) und der Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) zugelassen. Die Wirksamkeit wurde darüber hinaus bei perianalen Fisteln nachgewiesen. Bei Sebadenitis, steriler nodulärer Pannikulitis, Keratitis superficialis und lymphoplasmazellulärer Konjunktivitis liegen erste Daten zur Wirksamkeit von CsA vor. Sowohl die orale als auch die topische Applikation am Auge haben ein sehr begrenztes Spektrum an Nebenwirkungen. Schlussfolgerung: Beim Hund ist CsA ein effektives und bei kurzzeitiger Anwendung weitestgehend sicheres Therapeutikum bei einer Vielzahl immunologischer Erkrankungen. Die Effektivität in einigen Indikationsgebieten muss jedoch durch größere klinische Studien belegt werden. Daten zur Sicherheit bei Langzeitanwendung sind spärlich. Klinische Relevanz: Bei AD und KCS kann CsA problemlos gemäß der Anwendungshinweise eingesetzt werden. Bei einigen anderen Ekrankungen ist sein Einsatz von Fall zu Fall in Erwägung zu ziehen, weil es inzwischen viele Daten zur Effektivität und Sicherheit von CsA gibt.

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