scholarly journals A Reconstruction of the Paleorelief of Vilnius’ Crooked City by Interdisciplinary Methods

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-50
Author(s):  
Virgilijus Pugačiauskas ◽  
Saulius Sarcevičius ◽  
Oksana Valionienė
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
14Th Century ◽  
Interdisciplinary Methods ◽  
The Middle Ages

The article analyses issues of the Crooked Castle (Curvum castrum) of Vilnius in the Middle Ages. Having located this castle in the 1930s–1960s in the territory of the current Kalnų Parkas, the necessity arose to define its relationship with the Lower and Upper castles. To achieve this goal, researchers first of all had to answer the important question of how the current relief differs from what it was in the 14th century. A group of scholars from the Lithuanian Institute of History undertook to implement this task. On the basis of interdisciplinary research methods, the article presents a reconstruction of the paleorelief of the hills, and discusses the scale of changes in the terrain and their causes.

ISLAMIC COINS FROM EASTERN GIZA (EGYPT)

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Goncharov ◽  
◽  
S. E. Malykh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
14Th Century ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Ancient Egyptian ◽  
Ancient Rock ◽  
Oriental Studies ◽  
The Middle Ages

The article focuses on the attribution of one gold and two copper coins discovered by the Russian Archaeological Mission of the Institute of Oriental Studies RAS in the ancient Egyptian necropolis of Giza. Coins come from mixed fillings of the burial shafts of the Ancient Egyptian rock-cut tombs of the second half of the 3rd millennium B.C. According to the archaeological context, the coins belong to the stages of the destruction of ancient burials that took place during the Middle Ages and Modern times. One of the coins is a Mamluk fals dating back to the first half of the 14th century A.D., the other two belong to the 1830s — the Ottoman period in Egypt, and are attributed as gold a buchuk hayriye and its copper imitation. Coins are rare for the ancient necropolis and are mainly limited to specimens of the 19th–20th centuries. In general, taking into account the numerous finds of other objects — fragments of ceramic, porcelain and glass utensils, metal ware, glass and copper decorations, we can talk about the dynamic nature of human activity in the ancient Egyptian cemetery in the 2nd millennium A.D. Egyptians and European travelers used the ancient rock-cut tombs as permanent habitats or temporary sites, leaving material traces of their stay.

Marine and terrestrial investigations in the Norse Eastern Settlement, South Greenland

2001 ◽  
pp. 65-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naja Mikkelsen ◽  
Antoon Kuijpers ◽  
Susanne Lassen ◽  
Jesper Vedel
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
14Th Century ◽  
Original Series ◽  
Written Sources ◽  
The Middle Ages

NOTE: This article was published in a former series of GEUS Bulletin. Please use the original series name when citing this article, for example: Mikkelsen, N., Kuijpers, A., Lassen, S., & Vedel, J. (2001). Marine and terrestrial investigations in the Norse Eastern Settlement, South Greenland. Geology of Greenland Survey Bulletin, 189, 65-69. https://doi.org/10.34194/ggub.v189.5159 _______________ During the Middle Ages the Norse settlements in Greenland were the most northerly outpost of European Christianity and civilisation in the Northern Hemisphere. The climate was relatively stable and mild around A.D. 985 when Eric the Red founded the Eastern Settlement in the fjords of South Greenland. The Norse lived in Greenland for almost 500 years, but disappeared in the 14th century. Letters in Iceland report on a Norse marriage in A.D. 1408 in Hvalsey church of the Eastern Settlement, but after this account all written sources remain silent. Although there have been numerous studies and much speculation, the fate of the Norse settlements in Greenland remains an essentially unsolved question.

The Cult of St Edmund, King and Martyr in Medieval Ireland

2018 ◽  
Vol 136 (4) ◽  
pp. 223-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Young
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Norman Conquest ◽  
14Th Century ◽  
Patron Saint ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Anglo Norman ◽  
Christ Church ◽  
Medieval Ireland ◽  
The Middle Ages

St Edmund, king and martyr (an Anglo-Saxon king martyred by the Vikings in 869) was one of the most venerated English saints in Ireland from the 12th century. In Dublin, St Edmund had his own chapel in Christ Church Cathedral and a guild, while Athassel Priory in County Tipperary claimed to possess a miraculous image of the saint. In the late 14th century the coat of arms ascribed to St Edmund became the emblem of the king of England’s lordship of Ireland, and the name Edmund (or its Irish equivalent Éamon) was widespread in the country by the end of the Middle Ages. This article argues that the cult of St Edmund, the traditional patron saint of the English people, served to reassure the English of Ireland of their Englishness, and challenges the idea that St Edmund was introduced to Ireland as a heavenly patron of the Anglo-Norman conquest.

scholarly journals The Danse Macabre of the Beram Frescoes in the Chapel of sv. Marija na Škrilinah

2018 ◽  
Vol 73. (3) ◽  
pp. 409-410
Author(s):  
Mirela Lenković
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Illuminated Manuscripts ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
14Th Century ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Legenda Aurea ◽  
Artistic Heritage ◽  
The Middle Ages

The Danse Macabre as an iconographic theme appears in the Middle Ages across all of Europe carrying within it a message of the equality among people regardless of their station in life. Medieval artists used the various templates available to them: Biblia pauperum, Meditationes Vitae Christi, Legenda aurea, artistic templates, woodcuts, illuminated manuscripts, and the like. Scenes of the dying and death of ordinary people were not a theme of iconographic content prior to the Late Middle Ages, but rather begin to appear in the 14th century. There emerge at that time several categories of iconographic deaths. The Danse Macabre of the Beram frescoes (in the Chapel of sv. Marija na Škrilinah, 1474) contributes immeasurably to the artistic heritage of the Middle Ages as well as to Croatian cultural heritage.

Using compatibility charts to optimize research into fire retardants

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
T. Yu. Eremina ◽  
D. A. Korolchenko ◽  
F. A. Portnov
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Design Research ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
Material Research ◽  
Fire Retardants ◽  
Interdisciplinary Methods

Introduction. Interdisciplinary research is a most relevant issue in science and education. The integration of intellectual resources with research and production infrastructure is acknowledged as the main goal of interdisciplinary research in the international practice. The main (analytical) part. The authors propose the following methodological approach to the study, based on the distribution of interdisciplinary methods into groups by the scale of the research subject (material). In this case, the studies have the following levels: microlevel, supramolecular level, material research, design research. The paper presents research methods used at each of these levels. The co-authors propose to optimize the study of performance characteristics of building materials and fire retardants through the use of a compatibility chart with regard for the study levels and the analysis of methods of experimental research at each level. Using a compatibility chart. The methodology of the study. A research into the fire retardant efficiency of esters of phosphoric acid, used to modify wood, was selected as a practical example for compatibility diagrams. The project encompasses a number of methods applicable to compatibility charts: the method of elemental analysis, the Gibbs energy assessment method, the sample surface assessment method, the electron microscopy method, methods of assessing fire-hazardous characteristics of wood, the water sorption method, strength and biosecurity assessment methods. Conclusions. The co-authors first proposed an algorithm for generalizing the empirical data on mechanochemical characteristics of materials using interdisciplinary methods in the form of a compatibility chart. This methodology optimizes research into any composite materials though it preserves targeted research methods and eliminates impractical and concomitant experimental studies, thus, reducing labour costs and environmental impacts.

scholarly journals Mobility, mortality, and the middle ages: Identification of migrant individuals in a 14th century black death cemetery population

2012 ◽  
Vol 150 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.J. Kendall ◽  
J. Montgomery ◽  
J.A. Evans ◽  
C. Stantis ◽  
V. Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Black Death ◽  
14Th Century ◽  
The Middle Ages

scholarly journals WOOD SPECIES AND THE QUESTION OF ORIGIN: REASSESSING THE SCULPTURE PRODUCTION IN THE DIOCESE OF TURKU (ÅBO) DURING THE 14TH CENTURY

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 75-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katri Vuola
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Wood Species ◽  
14Th Century ◽  
Microscopy Analysis ◽  
The Middle Ages

This paper deals with choices of wood species in the 14th centurypolychrome sculptures in the diocese of Turku (Åbo), Finland, theeasternmost part of the Swedish Realm in the Middle Ages. The aim ofthe article is to draw an overall picture of the wood use in sculptureand discuss the emergence of the local workshops in the diocese.This is done by presenting new wood definitions and by taking theseinto account the when analysing the sculptures’ style and form.The emphasis on the research is on sculptures previously definedas carved from birch and which thus are determined as Finnish orNordic of their origin. The methods for defining the wood specieshave been ocular observation and microscopy analysis. The choiceof wood is approached from the perspective of the wood speciesavailability in the area and suitability for carving. The results of theinvestigation indicate that in addition to oak, and instead of birch,particularly alder (Alnus) was used in the locally manufactured sacralsculptures, and in some cases using oak sculptures as models. Alderwas possibly favored due to its good availability and inexpensivenessas well as workability. It can, however not be ruled out, that sculpturesof alder may have been imported to the bishopric as well.

scholarly journals On the Albanian ethnonym in the middle ages

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-38
Author(s):  
Predrag Komatina
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
The South ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
14Th Century ◽  
The Middle Ages

The paper discusses the issue of the Albanian ethnonym in the Middle Ages, starting from the fact that today they use the ethnonym Shqipetar for themselves and that other peoples know them as Albanians. It first points out the possibility that the former name was in use among the Albanians already in the 14th century, and then discusses the use of the ethnonym Albanians in the historical sources from the 11th to the 14th century. Since it originated from the geographical term Arbanum and was conditioned by it, the question arises ?f how the ancestors of the Albanians were called before they came to Arbanum. Finally, the paper suggests a possible connection between them and the Vlach groups in the south of the Balkan Peninsula.

scholarly journals ORIGO GENTIS V ČESKÉ STŘEDOVĚKÉ HISTORIOGRAF II

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-39
Author(s):  
Marie Bláhová
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nation State ◽  
14Th Century ◽  
History Of ◽  
Founding Myth ◽  
The Middle Ages ◽  
Three Phases

The author deals with the history of the founding myth of Czech Slavs from its oldest recording to the end of the Middle Ages. The legend of the origin of Czechs lived on in three phases of the Middle Ages. Stage one was captured by Cosmas of Prague († 1125) in the oldest nation-state chronicle. Another milestone was the founding legend in the Old Czech Chronicle recorded by so-called Dalimil from the early second decade of the 14th century. The founding myth changed fundamentally in two official chronicles which were written under the authority of Charles IV (1346-1378), the “Bohemian Chronicle” by Giovanni de’ Marignolli of Florence and the other “Bohemian Chronicle” by Přibík Pulkava of Radenín.

Some pedagogical and syntactical aspects of Francesco da Buti’s (1324–1406) Regule grammaticales

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 204-227
Author(s):  
Chiara Martinelli
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
14Th Century ◽  
Medieval Italy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ars Dictaminis ◽  
The Middle Ages

Abstract This essay aims at giving an account of some pedagogical and syntactical aspects of Francesco da buti’s (1324–1406) Regule grammaticales, a Latin grammar written in Central Italy in the second half of the 14th century. It occupies an important place in the history of positive grammar, providing an excellent example of Latin teaching in late medieval Italy. In fact, da Buti treatise deals not only with grammar, but also with rhetoric and Ars dictaminis, as was customary in the Italian tradition in the final centuries of the Middle Ages. This article analyzes the sections devoted to nouns and verbs, while also pointing out some pedagogical features, such as the exercises of the thèmata and the use of the vernacular as a tool for learning Latin composition.

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