Determination of sensitization to dust mite allergens D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae in patients with respiratory allergic diseases using immunoblot and multiplex component testing

Background: Allergic diseases are considered as the major burden on public health with increased prevalence globally. Histamine H1-receptor antagonists are the foremost commonly used drugs in the treatment of allergic disorders. The target drug in this study, loratadine, belongs to this class of drugs and its biometabolite desloratadine which is also a non-sedating H1 receptor antagonist with anti-histaminic activity being 2.5 to 4 times greater than loratadine. This study aimed to develop and validate a novel isocratic Reversed-phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC) method for rapid and simultaneous separation and determination of loratadine and its metabolite, desloratadine in human plasma. Methods: The drug extraction method from plasma was based on protein precipitation technique. The separation was carried out on a Thermo Scientific BDS Hypersil C18 column (5μm, 250 x 4.60 mm) in a mobile phase of MeOH: 0.025M KH2PO4 adjusted to pH 3.50 using orthophosphoric acid (85: 15, v/v) at an ambient temperature. The flow rate was maintained at 1 mL/min and maximum absorption was measured using the PDA detector at 248 nm. Results: The retention times of loratadine and desloratadine in plasma samples were recorded to be 4.10 and 5.08 minutes, respectively, indicating a short analysis time. Limits of detection were found to be 1.80 and 1.97 ng/mL for loratadine and desloratadine, respectively, showing a high degree of sensitivity of the method. The method was then validated according to FDA guidelines for the determination of the two analytes in human plasma. Conclusion: The results obtained indicate that the proposed method is rapid, sensitive in the nanogram range, accurate, selective, robust and reproducible compared to other reported methods.

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The Importance of Diet in Predicting the Remission of Urticaria—Determination of Allergen-Specific IgE

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina57070679 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 57 (7) ◽

pp. 679

Author(s):

Monica Iuliana Ungureanu ◽

Liliana Sachelarie ◽

Radu Ciorap ◽

Bogdan Aurelian Stana ◽

Irina Croitoru ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Predictive Value ◽

Allergic Diseases ◽

Specific Ige ◽

Egg White ◽

Food Allergens ◽

Pediatric Hospital ◽

Disease Remission ◽

Specific Serum ◽

Different Types

Background and Objectives: Different types of food introduced gradually in the diet will expose children to different food allergens, increasing the chance of developing allergic diseases. The aim of our study was to determine if allergen-specific IgE values can influence, depending on the diet, the prediction of remission of urticaria in children. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was conducted in 132 patients diagnosed over two years with urticaria, admitted to “Sf. Maria” Clinical Pediatric Hospital Iaşi. Total IgE assay was performed by ELISA, and determination of specific serum IgE by the CLA System Quanti Scan method (Innogenetics, Heiden, Germany). Data were gathered and statistical analysis was performed using statistical software SPSS, using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The determination of specific IgE to food allergens was performed on a total of 132 cases. The values of specific IgE were positive for one or more food allergens in 84 patients (63.64%). The most common allergens involved were: cow’s milk in 33.3% cases, egg white in 22.6% cases, and hazelnuts in 11.9% cases. The specific IgE values for the different types of food included in our study had a predictive value for disease remission. Conclusions: The determination of specific IgE confirms the presence of a particular food allergen and may have predictive value for the future development of an allergic manifestation.

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Usage of 0.4% sodium hyaluronate in complex treatment of pediatric patients with dry eye syndrome against the background of allergic diseases of the organ of vision

Archive of Ukrainian Ophthalmology ◽

10.22141/2309-8147.9.2.2021.241505 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 21-24

Author(s):

L.S. Vasilyeva ◽

O.V. Nesterenko ◽

K.A. Rylkova

Keyword(s):

Anterior Chamber ◽

Dry Eye ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Sodium Hyaluronate ◽

Allergic Diseases ◽

Dry Eye Syndrome ◽

Control Group ◽

Film Rupture ◽

Topical Glucocorticoids

Background. In recent years, the prevalence of allergic diseases of the anterior chamber of the eye has increased. They are often accompanied by the development of dry eye syndrome, which can complicate their course. Therefore, it is important to take a comprehensive approach to their diagnosis and treatment. The purpose was to study the effectiveness of 0.4% sodium hyaluronate (Gilays) in children with dry eye syndrome on the background of allergic diseases of the conjunctiva. Materials and methods. The study involved 42 patients (84 eyes) aged 3 to 18 years, who were examined and treated on the basis of Regional Eye Clinic. Patients were treated with local H-1 histamine blockers twice a day for 14 days, f necessary — with topical glucocorticoids by the scheme for 12 days. In the first group (21 patients, 42 eyes), the main treatment was added with the drugs containing 0.2% sodium hyaluronate, used topically 4 times a day for 14 days. In the second group (21 patients/42 eyes), 0.4% sodium hyaluronate (Gilays) was added to the treatment regimen. H-1 histamine blockers were not used systemically. Before starting therapy and 2 weeks later, the following values were evaluated: the changes in the anterior chamber of the eye using biomicroscopy, determination of lacrimal film rupture time, Schirmer 1 test, questionnaire. Conclusions. The use of sodium hyaluronate in the complex therapy of dry eye syndrome in allergic eye diseases is quite effective. The use of 0.4% sodium hyaluronate was more effective compared to the control group. It is advisable to use a questionnaire to communicate with the child, but it is necessary to refine the form of questions to eliminate as much as possible the subjectivity of the data.

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Mosquito hypersensitivity may be associated with atopic background in children

Allergologia et Immunopathologia ◽

10.15586/aei.v49i6.448 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (6) ◽

pp. 67-72

Author(s):

Süleyman Tolga Yavuz ◽

Onur Akin ◽

Ozan Koc ◽

Ali Gungor ◽

Ahmet Bolat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grass Pollen ◽

Matched Control ◽

Allergic Diseases ◽

Atopic Disease ◽

Duration Of Symptoms ◽

Prick Test ◽

Pediatric Allergy ◽

Systemic Reactions ◽

Dust Mite ◽

Children With Asthma

Background: Many children encounter unusual or “exaggerated” reactions such as large local, atypical or systemic reactions after mosquito bites.Objective: The aim of this study was to document the clinical features of children with mos-quito allergy and investigate the possible associations between demographic features and type of reactions in this population.Methods: Children with large local or unusual reactions after mosquito bites who attended to our outpatient pediatric allergy department were enrolled in the study along with control subjects.Results: A total of 180 children (94 with mosquito allergy and 86 age and sex-matched control subjects) with a median age of 6.8 years (IQR 5.5–9.3) were enrolled. Atopy (35.1% vs. 11.6%, p < 0.001) and grass pollen sensitization (28.7% vs. 8.1%, p < 0.001) were significantly more frequent in children with mosquito allergy. Skin prick test with mosquito allergen was positive in only 6 children (6,4%). Grass pollen sensitization was most common in children (28.7%) followed by sensitization to house dust mite (9.6%). 30 children (31.9%) had an accompanying atopic disease such as allergic rhinitis, asthma or atopic dermatitis. Bullae were significantly more frequent in children with asthma (41.7% vs.15.9, p = 0.034). The median duration of symptoms after onset were significantly longer in patients with ecchymosis, with immediate wheals and in children whose symptoms start in 20 min to 4 hours after mosquito bites.Conclusion: There is an association between unusual, large local or exaggerated reactions after mosquito bites and allergic diseases in children. The severity of reactions increases with age and particularly in children with atopic background.

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Determination of the minimally important difference in a nasal symptom score in house dust mite allergy

Allergy ◽

10.1111/all.13925 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 74 (11) ◽

pp. 2191-2198 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Philippe Devillier ◽

Harald Brüning ◽

Karl‐Christian Bergmann

Keyword(s):

Symptom Score ◽

House Dust ◽

House Dust Mite ◽

Nasal Symptom ◽

Minimally Important Difference ◽

House Dust Mite Allergy ◽

Mite Allergy ◽

Dust Mite

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EPITHELIAL CELLS EXPRESSING TLR-2 LEVEL AND NOSE MUCOSA BIOCENOSIS IN ALLERGIC RHINITIS PATIENTS

Rossiiskii Allergologicheskii ZHurnal ◽

10.36691/rja617 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 20-24

Author(s):

Yu A Tyurin ◽

A A Sharifullina ◽

I G Mustafin ◽

R S Fassakhov

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Nasal Mucosa ◽

Allergic Diseases ◽

Nasal Lavage ◽

Control Group ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Local Immunity

Background. Determination of local epithelial cells expressing TLR2 as an indicator of local immunity in allergic rhinitis (AR) patients with opportunistic species of staphylococci nasal mucosa colonization. Methods. Washed epithelium samples obtained from patients with seasonal AR (n=8) aged 19—42 years, and perennial AR (n=15) aged 19 —45 years, as well as a control group (20 patients) aged 19—45 years without allergic diseases were investigated. Epithelial cells expressing TLR2 receptors were determined by flow cytometry. Results. The level of epithelial cells expressing TLR2 receptor in patients with seasonal AR was almost in 1,9 times, in perennial AR group — in 1,7 times lower then in healthy individuals. In patients with perennial AR S. aureus was obtained in 96,0% (CI: 79,5—99,2), in association with Str. pyogenes in 29% (CI: 14,9—49,2), Neisseria spp. — in 63,0% (CI: 42,7—78,8). Seasonal allergic rhinitis was characterized by association of S. aureus and S. hemolyticus (70,0%, 44,4—85,8). Conclusion. Ratio of epithelial cells positive for TLR2 in nasal lavage from patients with AR was lower than in healthy volunteers. Indicators proportion of epithelial cells expressing TLR2 in nasal lavage in patients with seasonal AR during an exacerbation period was significantly reduced (1,7—1,9 times), in comparison with healthy volunteers. In AR patients with increased density of staphylococci strains in nasal mucosa increased local epithelial cells expressing TLR2 in nasal lavage was established.

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Research on the improvement of allergic rhinitis in asthmatic children after reducing dust mite exposure: a randomized, double-blind, cross-placebo study protocol

10.21203/rs.2.24698/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ming Chen ◽

YuFen Wu ◽

Shuhua Yuan ◽

Jiande Chen ◽

Luanluan Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Allergic Rhinitis ◽

Allergic Diseases ◽

House Dust Mites ◽

Life Questionnaire ◽

Dust Mites ◽

Double Blind ◽

Asthma Control Questionnaire ◽

Asthmatic Children ◽

Dust Mite ◽

Children With Asthma

Abstract Background: Allergic rhinitis (AR) in children has become a major respiratory inflammatory disease with a high incidence that is increasing yearly. In China, 54.93% of children with asthma have AR, which often requires synchronous treatment. House dust mites (HDMs) are common allergens that often cause attacks of AR and asthma. Reducing allergen exposure is one of the most important measures to control and treat AR and asthma attacks. Hestelia Mite Bait, containing 0.1% emamectin, is a new tool for trapping and killing dust mites that can reduce the number of dust mites on mattresses, thereby may reduce stimulation by allergens and ultimately improve asthma and rhinitis symptoms. This single-centre, randomized double-blind cross-placebo trial will explore the improvement of allergic rhinitis in asthmatic children after reducing dust mite exposure.Methods: We will recruit 60 children (aged 3-12 years) who have been diagnosed with allergic rhinitis and asthma and are allergic to dust mites as confirmed by a serum allergen test. Participants will randomly receive the Hestelia Mite Bait intervention for 8 weeks and the placebo intervention for 8 weeks. There will be a 4-week washout period between the two interventions. The primary outcome is the v isual analogue scale (VAS) score of AR symptoms; the secondary outcomes include the Rhinitis Control Assessment Test (RCAT) score, Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) score , changes in the dust mite level, drug usage for asthma and AR , Asthma Control Questionnaire-5 (ACQ-5) score, frequency of acute asthma attacks and emergency visits, and frequency of hospitalization.Discussion: This study will scientifically and objectively evaluate the improvement effect on rhinitis and asthma after reducing dust mite exposure and provide a convenient means for the prevention and treatment of children's airway allergic diseases in the future.Trial registration : ChiCTR1900024688 (www.chictr.org.cn) registration date: July 21, 2019

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Parental Perspectives on the Implementation of House Dust Mite Avoidance Measures for Children with House Dust Mite Sensitization

Asthma Allergy Immunology ◽

10.21911/aai.581 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (3) ◽

pp. 125-135

Author(s):

Pınar Gür Çetinkaya ◽

Elif Soyak Aytekin ◽

Ayşegül Akarsu ◽

Ümit Murat Şahiner ◽

Bülent Enis Şekerel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Middle School ◽

House Dust ◽

House Dust Mite ◽

Allergic Diseases ◽

House Dust Mites ◽

Dust Mite ◽

Associate's Degree ◽

Education Status ◽

Avoidance Measures

ABSTRACTObjective: The avoidance of house dust mite (HDM) is crucial in the management of HDM allergies. We aimed to demonstrate the implementation and perspective of the parents whose children had HDM allergy/sensitization to HDM avoidance measures. Materials and Methods: Parents of the patients with HDM sensitization were interviewed via telephone questionnaires.Results: One hundred and three patients with asthma (73.8%), allergic rhinitis (AR) (77.7%) and/or atopic dermatitis (AD) (29.1%) aged four to 18 years were included in the study. Seventy-one patients had multiple allergic diseases (68.9%). Of the parents, 39.8% fully adhered to HDM avoidance measures, and their education status was as follows: 41.5% illiterate/elementary/middle school, 31.7% high school, and 26.8% associate’s degree/university. In addition, 32.2% of the mothers who were partially adherent (n=62) were illiterate or had graduated from elementary/middle school, 33.9% had graduated from high school, and 33.9% had an associate’s degree or had graduated from university. Forty-one (39.8%) mothers were working, and most of them (61%) had graduated from university or had an associate’s degree. Nearly half of the mothers who were partially adherent to HDM measures were working (n=32). In the multivariate analysis, the risk factors for partial adherence to measures was to be a working mother [OR:4.072, 95%CI: 1.350-12.882, p=0.013] and to have the belief that the measures were useless [OR:4.886, 95%CI: 1.499-15.923, p=0.008]. However, no relationship was shown between adherence to the measures and the severity of AR or AD, asthma control status and having multiple allergic diseases.Conclusion: Full adherence to HDM avoidance measures was considerably dependent on the mothers’ working status and belief in the ineffectiveness of the measures whereas there was no relationship to the severity of allergic diseases. This study also revealed how the education status of the mothers affected the adherence to allergen avoidance measures in real life.Keywords: Children, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus,Dermatophagoides farinae, house dust mites, avoidance measures, parents, pediatrics, questionnaire

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Clec10a regulates mite-induced dermatitis

Science Immunology ◽

10.1126/sciimmunol.aax6908 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (42) ◽

pp. eaax6908 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kazumasa Kanemaru ◽

Emiko Noguchi ◽

Satoko Tahara-Hanaoka ◽

Seiya Mizuno ◽

Hiroaki Tateno ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Allergic Diseases ◽

Major Allergen ◽

Toll Like Receptor ◽

Toll Like Receptor 4 ◽

Inflammatory Cytokine Production ◽

Lectin Receptor ◽

Whole Exome ◽

Functional Homolog ◽

Dust Mite ◽

Tlr4 Ligand

House dust mite (HDM) is a major allergen that causes allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis. However, the regulatory mechanisms of HDM-induced immune responses are incompletely understood. NC/Nga mice are an inbred strain that is more susceptible to HDM and develops more severe dermatitis than other strains. Using whole-exome sequencing, we found that NC/Nga mice carry a stop-gain mutation in Clec10a, which encodes a C-type lectin receptor, Clec10a (MGL1/CD301a). The repair of this gene mutation using the CRISPR-Cas9 system ameliorated HDM-induced dermatitis, indicating that the Clec10a mutation is responsible for hypersensitivity to HDM in NC/Nga mice. Similarly, Clec10a−/− mice on the C57BL/6J background showed exacerbated HDM-induced dermatitis. Clec10a expressed on skin macrophages inhibits HDM-induced Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)–mediated inflammatory cytokine production through the inhibitory immunoreceptor tyrosine activating motif in its cytoplasmic portion. We identified asialoglycoprotein receptor 1 (Asgr1) as a functional homolog of mouse Clec10a in humans. Moreover, we found that a mucin-like molecule in HDM is a ligand for mouse Clec10a and human Asgr1. Skin application of the ligand ameliorated a TLR4 ligand-induced dermatitis in mice. Our findings suggest that Clec10a in mice and Asgr1 in humans play an important role in skin homeostasis against inflammation associated with HDM-induced dermatitis.

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