scholarly journals INFORMATION TRANSFER EFFECTIVENESS OF WARNING AND TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS OF AUDIO-EXCHANGE UNDER NOISE CONDITIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (5) ◽  
pp. 49-55
Author(s):  
Natalya Kholkina
Keyword(s):  
Speech Signal ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Generalized Polynomials ◽  
Signal Noise ◽  
Telecommunication Systems ◽  
Acoustic Speech Signal ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
The Impact

In the paper shown there is presented an approach to the solution of the problem of the effectiveness parameter assessment in telecommunication systems of operational and command communication, systems of warning speakerphone and audio-exchange. There are considered the matters of the dependence investigation of the acoustic speech signal/noise ratio to the assurance of the required syllabic legibility for the possibility to increase the function effectiveness of telecommunication systems and information exchange operated under complex noise situation. There is shown the dependence of formant legibility upon the meaning of average geometric frequencies in each i-th band of a frequency spectrum of acoustic speech signals. The degree of the impact upon syllabic legibility of the acoustic speech signal/noise ratio is shown. In the paper it is shown that for obtaining speech information with syllabic legibility higher than 93% required for complete perception by a subscriber it is necessary to ensure the acoustic signal/noise ratio at the level no less than 20 dB. The problems in the probability density approximation of acoustic signals with the use of generalized polynomials on function basis systems are presented.

scholarly journals Information Transfer between Stock Market Sectors: A Comparison between the USA and China

Entropy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Yue ◽  
Yaodong Fan ◽  
Jonathan A. Batten ◽  
Wei-Xing Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Stock Markets ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Information Diffusion ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Bank Lending ◽  
Chinese Market ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Impact

Information diffusion within financial markets plays a crucial role in the process of price formation and the propagation of sentiment and risk. We perform a comparative analysis of information transfer between industry sectors of the Chinese and the USA stock markets, using daily sector indices for the period from 2000 to 2017. The information flow from one sector to another is measured by the transfer entropy of the daily returns of the two sector indices. We find that the most active sector in information exchange (i.e., the largest total information inflow and outflow) is the non-bank financial sector in the Chinese market and the technology sector in the USA market. This is consistent with the role of the non-bank sector in corporate financing in China and the impact of technological innovation in the USA. In each market, the most active sector is also the largest information sink that has the largest information inflow (i.e., inflow minus outflow). In contrast, we identify that the main information source is the bank sector in the Chinese market and the energy sector in the USA market. In the case of China, this is due to the importance of net bank lending as a signal of corporate activity and the role of energy pricing in affecting corporate profitability. There are sectors such as the real estate sector that could be an information sink in one market but an information source in the other, showing the complex behavior of different markets. Overall, these findings show that stock markets are more synchronized, or ordered, during periods of turmoil than during periods of stability.

scholarly journals Increasing signal/acoustic interference ratio in telecommunications audio exchange by adaptive filtering methods

2019 ◽  
pp. 271-276
Author(s):  
Y A Kropotov ◽  
A A Belov ◽  
A Y Prockuryakov
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Filtering ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Acoustic Noise ◽  
Interpolation Polynomial ◽  
Speech Signals ◽  
Linear Filtering ◽  
Lagrange Interpolation Polynomial ◽  
Signal Noise ◽  
Acoustic Interference ◽  
Noise Ratio

The paper deals with the issues of increasing signal/noise ratio in telecommunication audio exchange systems. The study of characteristics of speech signals and acoustic noises, such as mathematical expectation, dispersion, relative intensity of acoustic speech signals and various types of acoustic noises and interference is carried out. It is shown that in the design of telecommunications systems, in particular loudspeaker systems operating under the influence of external acoustic noise of high intensity, it is necessary to solve the problem of developing algorithms to effectively suppress the above mentioned interference to ensure the necessary signal/noise ratio in communication systems. A mathematical model of the autocorrelation function of the speech signal by using the Lagrange interpolation polynomial of order 10, considered the creation of adaptive algorithms to suppress acoustic noise by linear filtering methods. Thus suppression of acoustic noises and hindrances is possible at the expense of operated change of area of a cutting in the interval from 0 Hz to 300-1000 Hz, depending on a hindrance conditions.

The impact of signal–noise ratio on degree of linear polarization measurement

Optik ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiwei Feng ◽  
Yanjun Ji ◽  
Ligang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Linear Polarization ◽  
Polarization Measurement ◽  
Signal Noise ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Increases of capacity of telecommunication system with МІМО

Connectivity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 145 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
K. O. Domracheva ◽  
◽  
A. V. Voloshenko ◽  
O. L. Zolkyn ◽  
R. M. Kyrychenko
Keyword(s):  
Transfer Rate ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Data Transfer ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Radio Channel ◽  
System Capacity ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Telecommunication System ◽  
Telecommunication Systems ◽  
Noise Ratio

The actual issue of increasing the data transfer rate in telecommunication systems with MIMO is considered. It is proposed to use an increase in the signal-to-noise ratio due to the processing and addition of signals from parallel antenna channels to increase the throughput of the system by applying quadrature amplitude manipulation. System simulation for MIMO 4x4. The error probability for QAM is calculated. A method is proposed that allows to increase by 4 times the information transfer rate while maintaining the signal duration and, accordingly, the bandwidth of the radio channel. According to the proposed methodology, telecommunication systems can be created with large numbers of multiposition amplitude-manipulated signals, as well as in combination with multiposition phase-shifted signals. It is shown that an increase in the signal-to-noise ratio when processing signals from parallel antenna channels cannot increase the system capacity, but only lead to a decrease in the signal reception error.

scholarly journals Improving performance of direction-of-arrival estimation using sparse array in passive radar

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 174830262094337
Author(s):  
Geng Chen ◽  
Bo Tian ◽  
Jian Gong ◽  
Cunqian Feng
Keyword(s):  
Direction Of Arrival ◽  
Direction Of Arrival Estimation ◽  
Passive Radar ◽  
Direct Wave ◽  
Signal Noise ◽  
Sparse Array ◽  
Estimation Performance ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
Coprime Array ◽  
The Impact

A method based on sparse array is applied to direction-of-arrival estimation of passive radar in this paper to increase the number of resolvable sources and improve the direction-of-arrival estimation performance for coprime array. The virtual symmetric non-uniform linear array of coprime array based on passive radar signal model is introduced. Considering the impact of direct wave, extensive cancellation algorithm is used to cancel the direct wave, with the conventional MUSIC with spatial smoothing algorithm and virtual aperture filling applied on the sparse array of passive radar; the resolution of target is low in the low signal-noise-ratio. To effectively improve the estimation of the target under the low signal-noise-ratio, a noise subspace reconstruction method is proposed. The proposed direction-of-arrival estimation method can improve the direction-of-arrival estimation performance of passive radar. The simulations are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

scholarly journals DISPERSION COMPENSATION USING ELECTRONIC METHODS BROADCASTING SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
Augustin Vyukusenge ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Communication Systems ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Coherent Detection ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Quality Of Information ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
The Impact

System distortions due to chromatic dispersion (CD), polarization mode dispersion (PMD), laser phase noise and fiber nonlinearities have a significant impact on the performance of high-speed fiber optic networks. In connection with the need to improve the quality of information transmission in high-speed fiber-optic communication systems, coherent detection with a digital signal processing unit is of particular interest. The main goal of the DSP block is to reduce the impact of linear and nonlinear effects that degrade the quality of information transfer. In this direction, the use of adaptive filters with adaptation algorithms for filter coefficients plays an important role. The Constant Modulus Algorithm (CMA) and the Least Mean Square (LMS) method used to compensate for dispersion distortions are presented. The load on transport networks based on fiber-optic transmission systems is increasing at an accelerating rate. This paper discusses the possibility and limitations of increasing the throughput of fiber-optic transmission systems by reducing the distance between carriers. A comparison is made between fixed and flexible grids in terms of the spectral bandwidth efficiency. It is concluded that the use of flexible mesh technology is promising when switching to channel speeds above 100 Gbit/s.

Signal/Noise Ratio and Elemental Detectivity by Eels

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 488-489
Author(s):  
R. F. Egerton
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Electron Energy ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy ◽  
Emission Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Signal Noise ◽  
Characteristic Signal ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
Electron Energy Loss

An important parameter governing the sensitivity and accuracy of elemental analysis by electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) or by X-ray emission spectroscopy is the signal/noise ratio of the characteristic signal.

Determination of the Best Emulsion for the Microscopy of Crystals

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
David A. Grano ◽  
Kenneth H. Downing
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Frequency ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Experimental Situation ◽  
Photographic Emulsion ◽  
Modulation Transfer ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Frequency Space ◽  
Noise Ratio

The retrieval of high-resolution information from images of biological crystals depends, in part, on the use of the correct photographic emulsion. We have been investigating the information transfer properties of twelve emulsions with a view toward 1) characterizing the emulsions by a few, measurable quantities, and 2) identifying the “best” emulsion of those we have studied for use in any given experimental situation. Because our interests lie in the examination of crystalline specimens, we've chosen to evaluate an emulsion's signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as a function of spatial frequency and use this as our critereon for determining the best emulsion.The signal-to-noise ratio in frequency space depends on several factors. First, the signal depends on the speed of the emulsion and its modulation transfer function (MTF). By procedures outlined in, MTF's have been found for all the emulsions tested and can be fit by an analytic expression 1/(1+(S/S0)2). Figure 1 shows the experimental data and fitted curve for an emulsion with a better than average MTF. A single parameter, the spatial frequency at which the transfer falls to 50% (S0), characterizes this curve.

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