INVESTIGATION OF CHANGES IN THE AMOUNT OF FAILURES TRANSMISSIONS OF CITY BUSES UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (10) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Sergey Bulatov
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Motor Transport ◽  
Logistics Service ◽  
Annual Volume ◽  
Transmission Failures ◽  
Positive Factor

The purpose of the study is to determine the amount of bus transmission failures under the influence of climatic conditions during urban operation. The task is to define the frequency of consumption of parts and transmission units of city buses by the example of PAZ brand, taking into account the data of motor transport enterprises, as well as to assess the influence of seasons using harmonic method. Indicators of actual and estimated demand for parts of transmission units and other elements of vehicles will allow to predict the amount of stock and possible costs for the next year, and spare parts that may remain in warehouses in certain months can be redistributed during the year, thereby preserving the annual volume of orders. Consequently, the total operating costs will remain at the same level, which for the logistics service is a positive factor for solving planning tasks. The actual need for spare parts turned out to be 13% higher on average than the indicators obtained during experimental studies, which confirms the great influence of such a factor as climatic conditions during the operation of vehicles.

Change in vehicle operating costs and life in successive repair periods

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Operating Cycle ◽  
Operational Costs ◽  
Resource Costs

Issues of resource forecasting and operational costs for maintenance of vehicle operability after their performance to units and systems of major repairs are considered. The results of theoretical and experimental studies of change of resource indices and costs for technical impacts in successive inter-repair periods of the vehicle operating cycle and non-uniformity of spare parts consumption over the seasons of the year are presented. Keywords car, forecasting, resource, costs, spare parts, repair, season of the year

METHOD OF REPLACEMENT OF SPARE PARTS FOR MAINTAINING AND ENSURING OPERATING STATE OF MOTOR TRANSPORT

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
V. V. NECHAEV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spare Parts ◽  
The State ◽  
Market System ◽  
Motor Transport ◽  
System A ◽  
Formalized Description ◽  
Sequential Implementation

A method based on the sequential implementation of a formalized description of the process of consuming spare parts, a formalized description of the process of determining the state of the el-ements of a market system, a formalized description of the process of determining a rational route for transporting the necessary material and technical means is presented.

CREATING A WORKING MODEL OF A DRIVERLESS AIRFIELD TOW TRUCK

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (10) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Denis D'yakov ◽  
Iskander Valiulin ◽  
Dmitriy Lihovidov ◽  
Aleksey Velikanov
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Support Surface ◽  
Reliable Operation ◽  
Working Model ◽  
Full Scale Tests

The purpose of the research in this paper is to develop a promising airfield driverless tow truck to increase the economic efficiency of aircraft towing facilities, including unmanned aircrafts as well as to ensure reliable operation in various climatic conditions. The research methods include the analysis of the experience of using such driverless airfield tow trucks abroad, the theory of calculating traction and speed indicators and experimental studies conducted during the creation and study of field tests of devices used to load the driving wheels of a tractor. To achieve the goal, the configuration of the structure being designed and its intended composition are determined analytically. The operation of the designed device in the traction mode is considered, and the characteristic of calculating its indicators when moving along the support surface is presented. The presented material briefly illustrates the process from creating a model of a driverless airfield tow truck to the created design of an existing sample, which will later be used to conduct its full-scale tests and a comprehensive assessment of its strength traction and speed characteristics.

scholarly journals Analysis of roof greening technology impact on rain and meltwater retention

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 11023
Author(s):  
Elena Sysoeva ◽  
Margarita Gelmanova
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Substrate Thickness ◽  
Runoff Reduction ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Analytical Review

Over the past 20 years, a large number of studies have been published on reducing storm runoff by various types of green roofs. This article analyzes the results of experimental studies presented in 39 publications on green roof runoff reduction in a climate similar to the climate of Russia: in Canada, the USA, Finland, Norway, France. An analytical review found that the ability of green roofs to retain rainfall varies from 20 to 99.5% depending on climatic conditions (duration and intensity of rains, duration of dry periods, solar radiation, temperature and humidity, wind conditions), the properties of green roof layers (moisture capacity of the substrate and a drainage layer, the substrate thickness), the type of vegetation, the geometry of a green roof (slope and orientation). Green roofs can be a useful tool for reducing urban storm water runoff. However, in order to ensure high efficiency, it is necessary to use green roof technology with other measures to reduce runoff.

scholarly journals Research on Location Selection Strategy for Airlines Spare Parts Central Warehouse Based on METRIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Rui Wang ◽  
Yicong Qin ◽  
Hui Sun
Keyword(s):  
Particle Swarm Optimization ◽  
Pso Algorithm ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Selection Strategy ◽  
Swarm Optimization ◽  
Location Selection ◽  
Geographical Environment ◽  
Control Metric ◽  
Supply Model

With the increased demands of airlines, it is important to study the location selection strategy for spare parts central warehouse in order to improve the allocation capacity of spare parts maintenance resources and reduce the operating costs of airlines. Based on the M/M/s/∞/∞ multiservice desk model and Multi-Echelon Technique for Recoverable Item Control (METRIC) theory, this paper proposes a spare parts supply strategy based on the spare parts pool network and establishes a location selection model for spare parts central warehouse. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to iteratively optimize the location for spare parts central warehouse and adjust the location area of the central warehouse combining transportation facilities and geographical environment factors. Finally, the paper compares the operating results for multiple airlines in pooling and off-pooling states and verifies the effectiveness of the spare parts supply model and the advantages of cost control for airlines.

scholarly journals STUDIES OF BENDING ELEMENTS WITH FIBERGLASS FITTINGS IN HOT CLIMATIC CONDITIONS IN THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-8
Author(s):  
Abdunazar Dadoboev
Keyword(s):  
Concrete Beams ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Composite Reinforcement

Features and comparative characteristics of metal and composite reinforcement are shown. Theoretical and experimental studies of the strength characteristics of concrete beams reinforced with fiberglass and metal reinforcement are presented. The use of fiberglass reinforcement can be economically efficient in the construction of brick buildings.

scholarly journals Determination of the rotation speed of chopped hay on the surface of the separator sieve of the leaf part of herbs

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
T. Abilzhanuly ◽  
◽  
D.T. Abilzhanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Empirical Expression ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Livestock Products ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Analytical Expressions ◽  
Mass Feed ◽  
Leaf Part

To increase the production of livestock products, it is necessary to feed the animals with full-feed mixtures. The main component of the feed mixture is feed, which consists of grain feed, vitamin-grass meal (VGM) and other additives. Currently, high-temperature methods of drying hay are used for the production of VGM, which require high costs and expensive technical means. Therefore, to reduce operating costs and equipment costs, authors proposed a technology and a line for the prepa-ration of VGM from the leaf part of herbs. As part of the VGM preparation line, the main machine is a separator of the leaf portion of grass from chopped hay. The separation process is due to the fact that when grinding dry hay in sieveless shredders, the delicate leaf part is finely chopped, this con-tributes to the process of separating the leaf part of the grasses. The purpose of the research is to determine the speed of hay moving along the surface of the sieve, which allows to determine the productivity of the line by mass feed and flour. For the theoretical determination of the average speed of movement of the sieve, the method of mathematical analysis was used. To determine the actual value of the speed of movement of hay on the surface of the sieve, the method of one-factor experimental research was used. As a result of theoretical studies, the analytical expressions were obtained to determine the performance of the separator, the average speeds of the sieve in the hori-zontal direction and the movement of hay on the surface of the sieve. As a result of experimental studies, a regularity of the change in the average speed of hay movement depending on the length of the sieve was obtained, and this regularity provides an empirical expression for determining the actual value of the average speed of hay layer movement on the surface of the sieve and it is 0.19 m/s. With the average line capacity for mass feeding, the thickness of the transported layer over the sieve surface was 0.0186 m, and it is not maximal for the separator of the leaf part of grasses.

scholarly journals QUALIDADE DA APLICAÇÃO DE INSETICIDA NA CULTURA DA SOJA REALIZADA EM DIFERENTES CONDIÇÕES CLIMÁTICAS E OPERACIONAIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (01) ◽  
pp. 124-133
Author(s):  
Nelson Cristiano Weber ◽  
Eloá Matos dos Santos Matos Dos Santos ◽  
Alexandre Russini ◽  
Fernando Felisberto Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Spray Deposition ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Application Technology ◽  
Grain Crop

QUALIDADE DA APLICAÇÃO DE INSETICIDA NA CULTURA DA SOJA REALIZADA EM DIFERENTES CONDIÇÕES CLIMÁTICAS E OPERACIONAIS   NELSON CRISTIANO WEBER¹; ELOÁ MATOS DOS SANTOS²; ALEXANDRE RUSSINI²; FERNANDO FELISBERTO DA SILVA³   ¹Departamento de Fitossanidade, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Av. Bento Gonçalves, 7712, Agronomia, 91540-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. [email protected]. ² Campus Itaqui, Universidade Federal do Pampa. Av. Luiz Joaquim de Sá Brito, s/n. Promorar, 97650-000, Itaqui, RS, Brasil., [email protected]; [email protected]. ³ Campus São Gabriel, Universidade Federal do Pampa. Av. Antonio Trilha, 1847, São Clemente, 97300-000, São Gabriel, RS, Brasil. [email protected].   RESUMO: A soja (Glycine max) é a principal cultura produzida no Brasil e líder na comercialização de agrotóxicos, sendo que, a tecnologia de aplicação empregada na utilização destes, desempenha fundamental importância na qualidade e segurança dos produtos agrícolas produzidos, no entanto, muitas vezes é limitada por condições climáticas que comprometem o controle esperado. Objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar a qualidade da aplicação de inseticida realizada em soja, sob diferentes condições climáticas e operacionais. O estudo foi conduzido em lavoura comercial de soja no município de Itaqui/RS durante a safra 2014/15. Foram realizadas aplicações às 10, 14 e 18 horas, nas pressões de 20, 35 e 50 lbs.pol-2 com e sem óleo mineral. A deposição da calda foi avaliada com cartões hidrossensíveis e processados pelo software Gotas. Os parâmetros analisados foram número de gotas, classes de diâmetros, densidade de gotas e diâmetro mediano volumétrico (DMV). Os resultados demonstraram que as condições climáticas menos adequadas para aplicação foram às 14h, sendo que a associação de maiores pressões de trabalho com a utilização do óleo mineral, possibilitaram aumento do número e de densidade de gotas, bem como aumentaram a uniformidade da distribuição de gotas no dossel, possibilitando incremento dos parâmetros avaliados sob condições inadequadas.   Palavras-chaves: tecnologia de aplicação, defesa fitossanitária, agrotóxicos, Glycine max.   QUALITY OF SOYBEAN INSECTICIDES APPLIED IN DIFFERENT CLIMATIC AND OPERATING CONDITIONS   ABSTRACT: Soybean is one of the main grain crop production in Brazil, this way  is featured in phytosanitary products use for the pests control. The application technology used have important role in quality and safety of agricultural products, as well as environmental and human. The climatic conditions perform great influence on quality of application, thus indicating its safety and effectiveness of control. The aim of this work was to evaluate the soybean insecticide application quality , in different climatic and operating conditions. The study was conducted in commercial tillage in Itaqui/RS, during 2014/15 season. The applications were performed on 10 AM, 2 PM and 6 PM, with 20, 35 and 50 lbs.pol-2 pressure, with and without mineral oil. The spray deposition was evaluated with hidrosensible cards and processed by Gotas software. The evaluated parameters were drops number, diameter classes, drops density and mean volumetric diameter (MVD). The results showed that 2 PM was the situation less suitable climatic conditions for application; the association of higher pressures with mineral oil, allowed to increase the number and density of droplets, as well as the drops distribution uniformity  in canopy, allowing the  parameters evaluation under inadequate conditions.   Keywords: Application technology, Phytosanitary defense, Pesticides, Glycine max

scholarly journals Horticultural Oils

1985 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 188-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren T. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Pesticide Resistance ◽  
Minimum Standard ◽  
Product Identification

Horticultural oils are among the safest of pesticides. Lack of product identification through the label makes it difficult for the field user to know what product was actually used in experimental studies. A minimum standard for product identification is suggested. Phytotoxicity, while relatively uncommon, continues to cause fears on the part of nurserymen and spray contractors. Factors that must be taken into account before spraying oil include dosage, timing with regard to plant phenological development and climatic conditions, and an awareness of sensitive plant species. A list of sensitive plants is given. A new expression of pesticide resistance through the thickening of the test of certain armored scales was observed.

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