The effect of stadial nitrogenization on the structure and properties of martensitic steel 13X11N2V2MF

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (12) ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
Mikhail Prokofev ◽  
Larisa Petrova ◽  
Irina Belashova ◽  
Petr Bibikov
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Martensitic Steel ◽  
New Method ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Corrosion Stability ◽  
Test Mode ◽  
Gas Nitriding ◽  
Diffusion Layers

A new method of gas nitriding is presented, which produces obtaining high-quality diffusion layers that meet the requirements of the use for various purposes, including aviation ones. Peculiar properties of highly alloyed martensitic steel nitriding after stadial thermo-gas-cyclic nitrogenization under partially dissociated ammonia with air additives have been examined. The results of metallographic studies, diagnostic leach, tests for wear resistance, impact hardness and corrosion stability, depending on the test mode are presented.

scholarly journals Surface Strengthening of High-Alloyed Martensitic Steel by Staged Nitriding

2021 ◽  
Vol 346 ◽  
pp. 02035
Author(s):  
Petr Bibikov ◽  
Larisa Petrova ◽  
Irina Belashova ◽  
Peter Demin
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Martensitic Steel ◽  
Surface Strengthening ◽  
Gas Nitriding ◽  
Diffusion Layers

Gas nitriding processes with cyclical rotation of ammonia and ammonia/air atmospheres are suggested for surface strengthening of martensitic Cr-Ni-W-Mo-V steel. One-, two-, and three-staged processes were studied differing by gas atmospheres at the final stage of processes. Microstructure and phase composition of received diffusion layers were examined. Results of microhardness, wear and impact toughness tests are discussed in correspondence with the layers structure.

scholarly journals Nitriding of High Speed Steel for Improvement of Tools Resistance

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Petrova
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
High Speed ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Dispersion Hardening ◽  
Internal Nitriding ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Gas Nitriding ◽  
Diffusion Layers ◽  
Tungsten Nitrides ◽  
Nitride Zone

Abstract. The article is devoted to the study of the gas nitriding process, which makes it possible to obtain high-quality diffusion layers in high-speed steel M2 on the basis of an internal nitriding zone without a brittle nitride zone. The results of studies of the nitrided steel phase composition with a change of the saturating atmosphere during dilution of ammonia by hydrogen are presented. An increase in the resistance of the nitrided tool when drilling structural steel is shown, which is associated with the dispersion hardening of the internal nitriding zone with tungsten nitrides.

Structure and Properties of Gas Nitrided Layers on Nanoflex Stainless Steel

2012 ◽  
Vol 326-328 ◽  
pp. 291-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Kochmański ◽  
Jolanta Baranowska
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Influence Of Process Parameters ◽  
Gas Nitriding ◽  
Diffusion Layers ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Xrd Phase Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen Potential ◽  
Ammonia Atmosphere

The paper presents results of research on nitrided layers on Sandvik NanoflexTMprecipitation hardened stainless steel. The influence of process parameters on nitriding kinetics and structure of the layers was investigated. The gas nitriding process was conducted in a mixture of ammonia 50% and products of its dissociation, as well as in 100% ammonia atmosphere at temperature range 400500°C and time between 2 and 8 h. The obtained diffusion layers were examined using the following methods: light and scanning electron microscopy, XRD phase analysis and EDS chemical analysis. Mechanical properties were tested with hardness measurements. It was found that kinetics depends on treatment temperature and nitrogen potential of the atmosphere. Moreover, treatment conditions affecting Sphase formation and expanded martensite in nitrided layers are discussed.

Investigating formation, structure and properties of coatings based on Cu–Ti alloys

2019 ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
A. I. Kovtunov ◽  
T. V. Semistenova ◽  
A. M. Ostryanko
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Chemical Compound ◽  
Wear Resistant Coating ◽  
Titanium Coating ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Properties Of Coatings ◽  
Wear Resistant ◽  
Ti Alloys ◽  
Titanium Wire

The paper offers technology of argon-arc surfacing with titanium wire in order to form heat and wear resistant coating based on the titanium cuprides. The influence of surfacing modes on the chemical compound and structure of formed coatings is determined. The wear resistance and heat resistance at 600°C and 800°C were researched for copper–titanium coating with 8–63% titanium.

Microstructure and Grain Abrasion Properties of Cr3C2-NiCr Coating Prepared by Laser Cladding Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 271-272 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Long Wei ◽  
Zong De Liu ◽  
Xin Zhi Li ◽  
Ming Ming Yuan ◽  
Cheng Yuan Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Wear Rate ◽  
Laser Cladding ◽  
Micro Hardness ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Wear Resistant ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Technology Analysis ◽  
Main Component

Cr3C2-NiCr has high quality of wear resistant properties and is widely used in abrasive environment. In this paper, Cr3C2-NiCr coating was prepared on 45 steel by laser cladding technology. Analysis and research of the coatings were achieved by SEM and XRD to determine the main component and the different region on coatings. The hardness and the element component were investigated by micro-hardness tester and EDS. Abrasion tests were performed to contrast the wear resistance of two materials. The results indicate that the hardness of the coatings is nearly 3 times as the substrate. The coatings are well combined with the substrate and the phase of Cr3C2 has a large proportion in the coatings. Abrasion tests show that the average of wear rate on substrate is 5.2 times as the coatings.

New method for raising high-quality fabrics

2009 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Belforte ◽  
G. Eula ◽  
C. Ferraresi ◽  
A. Ivanov ◽  
F. Testore
Keyword(s):  
New Method ◽  
High Quality

scholarly journals Strategic Team AI Path Plans: Probabilistic Pathfinding

2008 ◽  
Vol 2008 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tng C. H. John ◽  
Edmond C. Prakash ◽  
Narendra S. Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Computer Games ◽  
Fitness Function ◽  
New Method ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Plan Generation ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Games And Simulations

This paper proposes a novel method to generate strategic team AI pathfinding plans for computer games and simulations using probabilistic pathfinding. This method is inspired by genetic algorithms (Russell and Norvig, 2002), in that, a fitness function is used to test the quality of the path plans. The method generates high-quality path plans by eliminating the low-quality ones. The path plans are generated by probabilistic pathfinding, and the elimination is done by a fitness test of the path plans. This path plan generation method has the ability to generate variation or different high-quality paths, which is desired for games to increase replay values. This work is an extension of our earlier work on team AI: probabilistic pathfinding (John et al., 2006). We explore ways to combine probabilistic pathfinding and genetic algorithm to create a new method to generate strategic team AI pathfinding plans.

scholarly journals Improving Properties of Tool Steels by Method of Dynamic Alloying

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 369-379
Author(s):  
A. S. Kalinichenko ◽  
V. I. Ovchinnikov ◽  
S. M. Usherenko ◽  
Javad F. Yazdani-Cherati
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Amorphous State ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Deep Penetration ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Tool Steels ◽  
Particle Flows ◽  
Dynamic Processing

The influence of high-speed particle fluxes on changes in the structure and properties of materials has been widely studied currently. The effect exerted by particles moving at very high speeds can have both negative (in spacecrafts) and positive character (dynamic processing of tool steels). Therefore a task for studying an effect of high-speed particle flows on structure change in tool steels and improving their performance properties has been set in the paper. The study has used an explosive method for creation of a high-speed flow of SiC + Ni and Al2O3 particles. Samples after dynamic alloying have been subjected to diffusion nitriding. Microstructure of specimens made of X12M, R18, R6M5K5steel has been studied using optical and electron metallography. Wear resistance of the samples has been also tested on a friction machine. Theoretical and experimental results on a complex effect of high-speed microparticle flows and nitriding on a structure and properties of tool steels have been obtained during the research. It has been established that dynamic alloying by particles leads to formation of a specific structure in a composite material reinforced with channels. Central fiber (channel) zone with powder particles residues is surrounded by areas of amorphous state which is succeeded by a zone with a nanocrystalline fragmented cellular structure. Then we observe a zone with a microcrystalline structure that transits to a zone with crystalline structure which is characteristic for a matrix material of structural steel. The obtained data can expand and complement some ideas about mechanisms for dynamic loading of solids and condensed matter, plastic deformation, physical mechanics of structurally inhomogeneous media at different levels, a number of effects arising from collision and ultra-deep penetration of microparticles into metals. It has been shown that wear resistance of high-speed steel subjected to dynamic alloying in the quenched state is increased by 1.2 times in comparison with wear resistance of steel alloyed in the annealing state.

Barofractionation as an Innovative Method to Obtain Pectic Polysaccharides

2021 ◽  
Vol 899 ◽  
pp. 599-605
Author(s):  
Dara Slobodova ◽  
Raisa Gorshkova ◽  
Stanislav Pankov
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
New Method ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Dynamic Mode ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Pectic Polysaccharides ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Pectin Polysaccharides ◽  
Innovative Method

An innovative method has been developed and an installation has been created for obtaining pectin polysaccharides in a dynamic mode under the influence of high pressure. The process of degradation of protopectin at various pH values pH of the hydrolyzing agent was studied using the example of sunflower baskets. It has been established that the use of the new method makes it possible to obtain high-quality target products with a high yield in gentle conditions. The possibility of combining the stages of hydrolysis-extraction and fractionation has been demonstrated, which makes it possible to control the process of obtaining pectic polysaccharides in the direction of obtaining substances with specified physicochemical parameters.

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