scholarly journals Molecular breeding for resilience in maize - A review

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1057-1063
Author(s):  
Asima Gazal ◽  
Z. A. Dar ◽  
A. A. Lone ◽  
I. Abidi ◽  
G. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Selection ◽  
Complex Traits ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Selection Marker ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Breeding Research

Abiotic and biotic constraints have widespread yield reducing effects on maize and should receive high priority for maize breeding research. Molecular Breeding offers opportunities for plant breeders to develop cultivars with resilience to such diseases with precision and in less time duration. The term molecular breeding is used to describe several modern breeding strategies, including marker-assisted selection, marker-assisted backcrossing, marker-assisted recurrent selection and genomic selection. Recent advances in maize breeding research have made it possible to identify and map precisely many genes associated with DNA markers which include genes governing resistance to biotic stresses and genes responsible for tolerance to abiotic stresses. Marker assisted selection (MAS) allows monitoring the presence, absence of these genes in breeding populations whereas marker assisted backcross breeding effectively integrates major genes or quantitative trait loci (QTL) with large effect into widely grown adapted varieties. For complex traits where multiple QTLs control the expression, marker assisted recurrent selection (MARS) and genomic selection (GS) are employed to increase precision and to reduce cost of phenotyping and time duration. The biparental mapping populations used in QTL studies in MAS do not readily translate to breeding applications and the statistical methods used to identify target loci and implement MAS have been inadequate for improving polygenic traits controlled by many loci of small effect. Application of GS to breeding populations using high marker densities is emerging as a solution to both of these deficiencies. Hence, molecular breeding approaches offers ample opportunities for developing stress resilient and high-yielding maize cultivars.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF MOLECULAR GENETICS IN PLANT BREEDING: REALITIES AND PERSPECTIVES

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
A. Zambelli
Keyword(s):  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Molecular Genetics ◽  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Selection Marker ◽  
Breeding Strategies ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Dna Technology ◽  
The Impact

Even when conventional breeding was effective in achieving a continuous improvement in yield, Molecular Genetics tools applied in plant breeding contributed to maximize genetic gain. Thus, the use of DNA technology applied in agronomic improvement gave rise to Molecular Breeding, discipline which groups the different breeding strategies where genotypic selection, based on DNA markers, are used in combination with or in replacement of phenotypic selection. These strategies can be listed as: marker-assisted selection; marker-assisted backcrossing; marker assisted recurrent selection; and genomic selection. Strong arguments have been made about the potential advantages that Molecular Breeding brings, although little has been devoted to discussing its feasibility in practical applications. The consequence of the lack of a deep analysis when implementing a strategy of Molecular Breeding is its failure, leading to many undesirable outcomes and discouraging breeders from using the technology. The aim of this work is to trigger a debate about the convenience of the use of Molecular Breeding strategies in a breeding program considering the DNA technology of choice, the complexity of the trait of agronomic interest to be improved, the expected accuracy in the selection, and the demanded resources. Key words: DNA marker, selection, plant improvement.

Effect of Recurrent Selection on Combining Ability in Maize Breeding Populations

Crop Science ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 1652-1658 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. Doerksen ◽  
L. W. Kannenberg ◽  
E. A. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Breeding Populations

Breeding strategies to enhance abiotic stress tolerance and yield improvement in wheat, maize and sorghum.

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-38
Author(s):  
Inès Yacoubi ◽  
Karama Hamdi ◽  
Faïçal Brini
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Selection Marker ◽  
Breeding Strategies ◽  
Yield Improvement ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Backcross Breeding

Abstract This chapter provides information on the various molecular breeding strategies to enhance abiotic stress tolerance and yield improvement in wheat, maize and sorghum, such as marker-assisted selection, marker-assisted backcross breeding, marker-assisted recurrent selection and genome-wide selection.

scholarly journals Marker-assisted selection for the gene of β-carotene hydroxylase in maize

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 83-88
Author(s):  
O. V. Zatyshniak ◽  
V. Yu. Cherchel ◽  
B. V. Dziubetskyi ◽  
Jumei Zhang ◽  
Hui Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Maize Breeding ◽  
Hydroxylase Gene ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Allelic Status ◽  
Parental Inbred ◽  
Β Carotene

Aim. Estimation of the allelic status of  marker crtRB1-3'TE of  the β-carotene hydroxylase gene and marker-assisted selection by this marker in Ukrainian  maize breeding material. Methods. Field method and polymerase chain reaction. Results. The analysis of the allelic state of β-carotene hydroxylase gene for marker crtRB1-3'TE in maize breeding populations (DK23×F2)F2 and (DK23×F2)F3MAS having been obtained after the first and second self-pollinations of single cross DK23×F2 was provided. It was established that the parental inbred lines DK23 and F2 contained respectively 296 bp (unfavorable) and 543 bp (favorable) alleles of  marker crtRB1-3'TE. The three kinds of genotypes appeared to present at different frequencies in (DK23×F2)F2 – homozygous  for allele 296 bp, homozygous for allele 543 bp and heterozygous with both alleles 296 bp and 543 bp. For further cultivation and self-pollination, only plants with allele 543 bp within (DK23×F2)F2 were selected. All tested plants in population (DK23×F2)F3MAS were homozygous for allele 543 bp. Conclusions. Marker-associated selection in two generations for the β-carotene hydroxylase gene, involved in β-carotene accumulation, allowed to select homozygous plants of maize by favorable crtRB1-3'TE allele. Keywords: Zea mays L., molecular genetic markers, carotenoids, breeding populations, allele.

Molecular breeding for improving waterlogging tolerance in wheat.

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-115
Author(s):  
R. Esten Mason ◽  
Trenton L. Roberts ◽  
Richard Boyles ◽  
Andrea Acuna ◽  
Maria N. Arguello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Selection ◽  
Genetic Control ◽  
Marker Assisted Selection ◽  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Waterlogging Tolerance ◽  
Cultivar Development ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients ◽  
Underlying Soil ◽  
Uptake And Transport

Abstract This chapter summarizes the current understanding of the response of wheat to waterlogging stress, the genetic control of uptake and transport of macro- and micronutrients, and the QTLs and genes associated with tolerance mechanisms. Potential targets for molecular breeding through marker-assisted selection and the potential for genomic selection are discussed in order to provide a better understanding of the biology and genes underlying soil waterlogging tolerance, as well as clarity and direction for breeders for future molecular breeding targets to expedite cultivar development.

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