Applications of Social Capital in Educational Literature: A Critical Synthesis

2002 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra L. Dika ◽  
Kusum Singh
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Educational Outcomes ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Educational Literature ◽  
Measurement And Analysis ◽  
History Of

This critical synthesis incorporates both theoretical and empirical literature on social capital since its original conceptualization by Bourdieu (1986) and Coleman (1988) in the late 1980s. The focus of the review is on educational literature that studies social capital and educational outcomes. After outlining their approach, the authors briefly trace the intellectual history of the concept and its transport to the field of education. Next, they undertake a critical review of the literature by first examining trends in conceptualization, methods, and outcomes and then assessing empirical support for claims that social capital is positively linked to educational and psychosocial outcomes. Finally, they discuss gaps in the conceptualization, measurement, and analysis of social capital in educational literature.

scholarly journals Two decades after Korpi and Palme’s “paradox of redistribution”: What have we learned so far and where do we take it from here?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitri Gugushvili ◽  
Tijs Laenen
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Institutional Design ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Causal Chain ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
The Poor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Per Se

Abstract Over two decades ago, Korpi and Palme (1998) published one of the most influential papers in the history of social policy discipline, in which they put forward a “paradox of redistribution”: the more countries target welfare resources exclusively at the poor, the less redistribution is actually achieved and the less income inequality and poverty are reduced. The current paper provides a state-of-the-art review of empirical research into that paradox. More specifically, we break down the paradox into seven core assumptions, which together form a causal chain running from institutional design to redistributive outcomes. For each causal assumption, we offer a comprehensive and critical review of the relevant empirical literature, also including a broader range of studies that do not aim to address Korpi and Palme’s paradox per se, but are nevertheless informative about it.

THE CLASSICAL TURN IN ENLIGHTENMENT STUDIES

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAN EDELSTEIN
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Intellectual History ◽  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
History Of The Book ◽  
Course Syllabi ◽  
History Of ◽  
Longue Duree ◽  
Longue Durée ◽  
National Difference

Antiquity is back. In some respects, it is surprising it ever went away: for the last forty years, Peter Gay's magisterial survey, which connected the “little flock” ofphilosopheswith “pagan” authors, has loomed large over the field of Enlightenment studies. But shortly after its publication, a methodological sea change pulled the field in an opposite direction. Robert Darnton hailed this rising tide of social and cultural history in a 1971 largely critical review of Gay's two volumes. The hyper-longue duréeof Gay's historical panorama, which extended from the age of Virgil to that of Voltaire, was soon to be displaced by more focused inquiries into the history of the book, forms of enlightened sociability, and national difference. Intellectual history, particularly of Gay's epic brand, soon became scarce, despite the lasting presence of Gay's two volumes on bibliographies and course syllabi.

scholarly journals The Emerging Research Field of Sustainability Transitions: An Evolutionist Perspective on Scientific Advance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victo José da Silva Neto
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Epistemic Communities ◽  
Sustainability Transitions ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Scientific Advance ◽  
Innovation Studies ◽  
Problem Framing ◽  
History Of

The main goal of this article is to understand the process of formation of the sustainability transitions (ST) research field. The working hypothesis of this article states that the field arises through a process of speciation: gradual differentiation, from an older and already established research field (innovation studies). This exercise is useful both as a first approximation into the history of ST thought and as a means to assess the explanatory potential of different approaches towards scientific advance (epistemological discussion). Our proxy to investigate the evolution of the field is the ST language or scientific lexicus (concepts, terms and vocabulary) and how it came to be. The methodology to assess the evolution of this object is threefold: documental analysis (epistemic communities’ newsletters); critical review of the literature (retrofitted concepts and proto-ideas) and bibliometric analysis (Scopus/Vantage Point). The documental analysis provides evidence that ST is, indeed, an emergent scientific field. A critical review of the literature points to connections and redetermination of pre-existent concepts and terms from the innovation studies area; bibliometric evidence points to a movement of distancing: after building its own lexicon coherent to its problem framing, ST research area is gradually leaving innovation studies terms and concepts behind. General results point to a process of speciation, reinforcing the explanatory potential of epistemological evolutionism.

On the term of “mapping”

2019 ◽  
Vol 950 (8) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Ya.Yu. Chibryakov
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Scientific Field ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Educational Literature ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Thematic Cartography ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of

The purpose of the article is ordering the use of the term “mapping” in the scientific field. The history of the issue and the situation with the consolidation of this term in the normative documents (GOST) is considered; a critical review of the definitions used in the cartographical reference and educational literature is given. The reasons for the errors in its use may be related to the linguistic features of the pair of terms “cartography” and “mapping”, and the specifics of cartographic terminology in general. It reflects the triple essence of cartography as a field of science, technology and production. The place of mapping in the system “creation – use of maps” is shown on the basis of the model-cognitive concept in relation to the branches of thematic cartography. The author substantiates the inadmissibility of using the term of “map-ping” to denote the scientific directions being borderland between cartography and various geographical and technical sciences. The definition of the term of “mapping” as a process of creating cartographical works is proposed.

Somatoform and Physical Disorders

2014 ◽  
pp. 338-363
Author(s):  
Robert L. Woolfolk ◽  
Lesley A. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Functional Somatic Syndromes ◽  
Psychosocial Treatments ◽  
Physical Disorders ◽  
History Of

This chapter provides an overview of the treatment of somatoform and related disorders. A brief history of the disorder is provided, along with a sociocultural framework in which to conceptualize somatization. The epidemiology of somatoform disorders is discussed. Empirical research evaluating psychosocial treatments for somatoform disorders, including the functional somatic syndromes, is reviewed and critiqued. The rather substantial assortment of treatment options available to clinicians is compared and contrasted, and their level of empirical support evaluated. The limitations of the empirical literature, as well as the treatment implications that can be drawn, are discussed.

Cluster headache responsive to indomethacin: Case reports and a critical review of the literature

Cephalalgia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 975-982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Prakash ◽  
Nilima D Shah ◽  
Bhavna V Chavda
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Cluster Headache ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Essential Feature ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Hemicrania Continua ◽  
Paroxysmal Hemicrania ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Usual Therapy ◽  
History Of

Introduction: Response to indomethacin is an essential feature for the diagnosis of both paroxysmal hemicrania (PH) and hemicrania continua (HC). Cluster headache (CH) is widely considered to be a disease unresponsive to indomethacin. Case reports: We report four patients with CH who responded to indomethacin. Two patients, who were refractory to the usual therapy for CH, fulfilled the criteria for chronic CH. Conversely, two patients had a history of episodic CH and showed response to both indomethacin and the usual therapy for CH. Literature review: We also reviewed the literature for the presence of indomethacin response in patients with CH. We noted a large number of cases labeled as CH by the authors which showed a response to indomethacin. Discussion: Many cases of definite or possible CH were wrongly labeled as PH because of patients' responding to indomethacin. Conclusion: The response to indomethacin in patients with CH may not be as immediate as in other indomethacin-responsive headaches, and many patients may need larger doses.

Is Chronic Pain a Variant of Depressive Illness? A Critical Review

1986 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhulika A. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Depressive Illness ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Pain Syndromes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Obscure Origin

A critical review of the literature on the association of chronic pain of obscure origin and depression suggests the following: the nosological confusion in defining these two commonly occurring symptom complexes; poor sampling methods and widely ranging selection criteria; occasional lack of appropriate controls and use of unreliable instruments to measure pain and depression; and the frequently erroneous assumption that response of the pain to “antidepressant” medications implies that pain is masquerading some form of depression. All of the above observations lead to incomparable and sometimes opposing conclusions regarding the nature of the association between these two common symptom complexes. Some widespread recurring clinical features of the various studies include; a premorbid history of perfectionistic traits, an apparently minor precipitating event; and pain involving the head, face and musculoskeletal system. Otherwise, chronic pain of obscure origin appears to be a multifactorial and multifaceted problem, with each patient requiring a complete physical and psychosocial evaluation. Further understanding of this group of disorders requires studies of specific chronic pain syndromes using proper controls.

Personnalité passive-agressive et personnalité dépendante — état actuel de la question

1988 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Goulet
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Personality Disorders ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
History Of

The author makes a critical review of the literature concerning dependant and passive-aggressive personalities. After putting them in a historic perspective, he presents the various etiologic hypotheses. Special attention is given to the clinical and therapeutic aspects. The author concludes that despite the supposed high incidence of these two personality disorders, the reliability of the diagnoses and the natural history of the disorders remain to be explored in a prospective and systematic manner, before definite conclusions can be drawn regarding therapy.

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