Nuclear power pros and cons: A comparative analysis of radioactive emissions from nuclear power plants and thermal power plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Gordienko ◽  
S. N. Brykin ◽  
R. E. Kuzin ◽  
I. S. Serebryakov ◽  
M. V. Starkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Pros And Cons

Power Cycles of Generation III and III+ Nuclear Power Plants

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Dragunov ◽  
Eugene Saltanov ◽  
Igor Pioro ◽  
Pavel Kirillov ◽  
Romney Duffey
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power Plants

It is well known that electrical power generation is the key factor for advances in industry, agriculture, and standard of living. In general, electrical energy can be generated by (1) nonrenewable energy sources such as coal, natural gas, oil, and nuclear; and (2) renewable energy sources such as hydro, wind, solar, biomass, geothermal, and marine. However, the main sources for electrical energy generation are (1) thermal—primarily coal and secondary natural gas, (2) “large” hydro, and (3) nuclear. Other energy sources might have a level of impact in some countries. Modern advanced thermal power plants have reached very high thermal efficiencies (55–62%). In spite of that, they are still the largest emitters of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Therefore, reliable non–fossil fuel energy generation, such as nuclear power, is becoming more and more attractive. However, current nuclear power plants (NPPs) are way behind in thermal efficiency (30–42%) compared to the efficiency of advanced thermal power plants. Therefore, it is important to consider various ways to enhance the thermal efficiency of NPPs. This paper presents a comparison of thermodynamic cycles and layouts of modern NPPs and discusses ways to improve their thermal efficiencies.

Treatment of the Equations of Metal Oxidation Rates at Nuclear Power Plants and Thermal Power Plants in Terms of Thermodynamics

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (9) ◽  
pp. 641-650
Author(s):  
V. G. Kritskii ◽  
I. G. Berezina ◽  
A. V. Gavrilov ◽  
E. A. Motkova ◽  
N. A. Prokhorov
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Metal Oxidation ◽  
Oxidation Rates

Power Cycles of Generation III and III+ Nuclear Power Plants

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey Dragunov ◽  
Eugene Saltanov ◽  
Igor Pioro ◽  
Pavel Kirillov ◽  
Romney Duffey
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power Plants

It is well known that the electrical-power generation is the key factor for advances in any other industries, agriculture and level of living. In general, electrical energy can be generated by: 1) non-renewable-energy sources such as coal, natural gas, oil, and nuclear; and 2) renewable-energy sources such as hydro, wind, solar, biomass, geothermal and marine. However, the main sources for electrical-energy generation are: 1) thermal - primary coal and secondary natural gas; 2) “large” hydro and 3) nuclear. The rest of the energy sources might have visible impact just in some countries. Modern advanced thermal power plants have reached very high thermal efficiencies (55–62%). In spite of that they are still the largest emitters of carbon dioxide into atmosphere. Due to that, reliable non-fossil-fuel energy generation, such as nuclear power, becomes more and more attractive. However, current Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs) are way behind by thermal efficiency (30–42%) compared to that of advanced thermal power plants. Therefore, it is important to consider various ways to enhance thermal efficiency of NPPs. The paper presents comparison of thermodynamic cycles and layouts of modern NPPs and discusses ways to improve their thermal efficiencies.

Application of Supercritical Fluids in Thermal- and Nuclear-Power Engineering

2021 ◽  
pp. 601-658
Author(s):  
Igor L. Pioro
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Supercritical Fluids ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Power Cycles

Supercritical Fluids (SCFs) have unique thermophyscial properties and heat-transfer characteristics, which make them very attractive for use in power industry. In this chapter, specifics of thermophysical properties and heat transfer of SCFs such as water, carbon dioxide, and helium are considered and discussed. Also, particularities of heat transfer at Supercritical Pressures (SCPs) are presented, and the most accurate heat-transfer correlations are listed. Supercritical Water (SCW) is widely used as the working fluid in the SCP Rankine “steam”-turbine cycle in fossil-fuel thermal power plants. This increase in thermal efficiency is possible by application of high-temperature reactors and power cycles. Currently, six concepts of Generation-IV reactors are being developed, with coolant outlet temperatures of 500°C~1000°C. SCFs will be used as coolants (helium in GFRs and VHTRs, and SCW in SCWRs) and/or working fluids in power cycles (helium, mixture of nitrogen (80%) and helium (20%), nitrogen and carbon dioxide in Brayton gas-turbine cycles, and SCW/“steam” in Rankine cycle).

Determining the thermal power outputs of small high-temperature nuclear power plants

1976 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1076-1078
Author(s):  
A. I. El'tsov ◽  
A. K. Zabavin ◽  
Yu. A. Kotel'nikov ◽  
A. A. Labut ◽  
E. P. Larin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Power Outputs

Strategies for Improving Organizational Communication: Case Studies of Nuclear Power Plants Revisited

1985 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-379
Author(s):  
Marjorie B. Bauman ◽  
Margery Davidson Boulette ◽  
Harold P. Van Cott
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Communication ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Intervention Strategy ◽  
Weak Links ◽  
Alternative Programs ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Maintenance Work

This EPRI-sponsored study reviewed the organizational communications used by nuclear power plants (NPPs) and identified weak links in the chain of coordination and information processing required to effectively perform corrective and preventive maintenance in the plants. Preliminary survey results from four NPPs showed that many communication areas deserve special attention in order to improve the work request process and decrease the time delays involved in the performance of maintenance work. This study evaluates two alternative programs designed to improve the effectiveness of the work request process. One approach involves evaluating an automated work request system as a way of improving interdepartmental communication and job performance as they relate to the implementation of maintenance work requests. Another approach assesses the effectiveness of interdepartmental meetings for supervisors as a method for improving organizational communication. Results of this longitudinal study are reported. Pros and cons of each intervention strategy are also discussed.

scholarly journals The comparative analysis of birth defects rates in regions of nuclear power-plants location

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliya S Demikova ◽  
Elena K Khandogina ◽  
Ludmila M Vorobyeva ◽  
Nataliya A Fedotova ◽  
Boris A Kobrinsky
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Birth Defects ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Control Regions

The analysis of birth defects (BD) rates in regions of nuclear power-plants locations in comparison with control regions have been performed using BD monitoring database for 2000–2007 years. It has been shown that the BD rates in these regions don’t differ from BD rates in control regions, Russia Federation on the whole and some other countries. Receiving results indicate that the working of nuclear power-plants doesn’t lead to increasing of BD frequencies in these regions. 

The Outline of the Five-Percent Power Uprate Project in Tokai-2

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Ohata ◽  
Toshikazu Nishibata ◽  
Tetsuya Onose
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Nuclear Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
The United States ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Electric Power Output

Reactor thermal power uprate (Power uprate) of operating light water reactors has long successful experiences in many nuclear power plants in the United States of America and European countries since late 1970’s. And it will be also introduced in Japan soon. This paper mainly describes the outline of the attempt of five-percent reactor thermal power uprate of Tokai No.2 Nuclear Power Station (Tokai-2) operated by the Japan Atomic Power Company (JAPC). It will be the leading case in Japan. Tokai-2 is GE type Boiling Water Reactor (BWR) of 1100 MW licensed electric power output and it commenced commercial operation in November 28, 1978. Power uprate is an effective approach for increasing electric power output. And it is recognized as one of the measures for effective and efficient use of existing Japanese operating nuclear power plants. It can contribute to inexpensive and stable electric power supply increase. Especially “Stretch Power Uprate (SPU)” requires only minor equipment modification or component replacement. It is also a countermeasure against global warming. Therefore it is a common theme to be accomplished in the near future for both Japanese electric power companies and government. JAPC started feasibility studies on power uprate in 2003. And in 2007, JAPC established a plan to achieve five-percent power uprate in Tokai-2 and announced this project to the public. This is a leading attempt in the Japanese electric power companies and it is the first case under the current Japanese regulatory requirements. In this plan, JAPC reflected lessons learned from preceding nuclear power plants in the United States and European countries, and tried to make most use of the performance of existing systems and components in Tokai-2 which have been periodically or timely renewed by utilizing more reliable and efficient design. JAPC plans to submit application documents to amend current License for Reactor Establishment Permit shortly. It will contain a complete set of revised safety analysis results based on the uprated reactor thermal power condition. Successful introduction of Tokai-2 power uprate will contribute to the establishment of regulatory process for power uprate in Japan and following attempts by other Japanese electric power companies.

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