scholarly journals LABORATORY DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM FOR WATER-PHYSICAL SOIL PROPERTIES

2019 ◽  
pp. 199-208
Author(s):  
M. I. Romashchenko ◽  
S. S. Kolomiets ◽  
A. S. Bilobrova
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Agricultural Crop ◽  
Moisture Capacity ◽  
Capillary Hysteresis ◽  
Soil Pore Space

Actuality of the problem. Irrigation has become a determining factor in the formation of bioproduction processes of new agricultural crop varieties and hybrids due to global climate change for all soil-climatic zones of Ukraine. Moreover, irrigation efficiency is determined to a significant degree by the reliability of the soil water-physical properties. The purpose of comprehensive hydrophysical studies was to determine the basic soil water-physical properties and constants necessary to create favorable soil regimes of reclaimed lands, and to do the mathematical modeling of the soil water regime. Complex laboratory hydrophysical tests of soil samples of undisturbed structure make it possible to determine hydrophysical functions for each soil sample: water holding capacity, water conductivity and water-physical constants of full and minimum moisture capacity, wilting moisture and maximum hygroscopic moisture, which can be determined on the same soil sample located on the same soil desorption curve from full moisture capacity to maximum hygroscopic humidity. The primary saturation of the soil sample under vacuum to full moisture capacity provides a single curve of water retention capacity taking into account structural macroporosity, which is the main feature of this technique. The resulting capillary hysteresis loop has the algorithm: fast nonequilibrium desorption from full moisture capacity and slow equilibrium sorption enables to build a differential curve of the distribution of pore volume over radii, characterizing the structure of the soil pore space. These structural characteristics are sensitive to soil processes, which determine the direction of epigenetic changes in the structure of the soil pore space and the direction of evolution of the soil matrix. The threshold of structural soil macroporosity formation is established from the loop of capillary hysteresis by the ratio of meniscus radii exceeding . Conclusions. The proposed system of soil laboratory diagnostics has advantages over the existing diagnostic methods and significantly increases the information content of complex hydrophysical tests, provides qualitatively new information on soils and provides mathematical modeling with the necessary parameters of mass transfer processes in moisture-saturated soils of the aeration zone.

scholarly journals No Tillage Improved Soil Pore Space Indices under Cover Crop and Crop Rotation

Soil Systems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Dinesh Panday ◽  
Nsalambi V. Nkongolo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Cereal Rye ◽  
Continuous Corn ◽  
No Till ◽  
Soil Pore Space ◽  
Lower Depth

Assessment of the effects of crop management practices on soil physical properties is largely limited to soil moisture content, air content or bulk density, which can take considerable time to change. However, soil pore space indices evolve rapidly and could quickly detect changes in soil properties resulting from crop management practices, but they are not often measured. The objective of this study was to investigate how soil pore space indices—relative gas diffusion coefficient (Ds/Do) and pore tortuosity factor (τ)—are affected by tillage system (TL), cover crop (CC) and crop rotation (CR). A study was conducted on silt loam soil at Freeman farm, Lincoln University of Missouri during the 2011 to 2013 growing seasons. The experiment design was a randomized complete block with two tillage systems (no tillage or no-till vs conventional tillage), two cover crops (no rye vs cereal rye (Secale cereale L.)) and four crop rotations (continuous corn (Zea mays L.), continuous soybean (Glycine max L.), corn–soybean and soybean–corn successions). All the treatments were replicated three times for a total of 48 experimental units. Soils were collected from two sampling depths (SD), 0–10 and 10–20 cm, in each treatment and soil physical properties, including bulk density (BD), air-filled porosity (AFP, fa) and total pore space (TPS, Φ), were calculated. Gas diffusivity models following AFP and/or TPS were used to predict Ds/Do and τ values. Results showed that, overall, Ds/Do was significantly increased in no-tilled plots planted to cereal rye in 2012 (p = 0.001) and in 2013 (p = 0.05). No-tilled continuous corn, followed by continuous soybean and no-tilled soybean–corn rotations had the highest Ds/Do values, respectively. In magnitude, Ds/Do was also increased in no-till plots at the lower depth (10–20 cm). No-tilled plots planted with cereal rye significantly reduced τ in 2012 (p = 0.001) and in 2013 (p = 0.05). Finally, at the upper depth (0–10 cm), the no-tilled corn–soybean rotation and the tilled soybean–corn rotation had the lowest τ. However, at the lower depth (10–20 cm), the four crop rotations were not significantly different in their τ values. These results can be useful to quickly assess the changes in soil physical properties because of crop management practices and make necessary changes to enhance agricultural resilience.

Soil Pore Space Fractal Dimensions Were Deduced Conversely by the Curve of Soil Water Retention

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 4753-4760
Author(s):  
Hao Yun Hu ◽  
Zi Xiao Li ◽  
Yi Kai Hou ◽  
Liang Liu ◽  
Jian Wei Sun
Keyword(s):  
Soil Water ◽  
Functional Equations ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Fractal Dimensions ◽  
Water Retention Curve ◽  
Soil Water Retention Curve ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Soil Pore Space

The functional equations have been established between the soil water retention curve and the soil structures fractal dimension by fractal geometry theory. Based on the functional equations have the same or similar law form with Campbell law, Soil pore space fractal dimensions were deduced conversely by the curve of soil water retention, which not only reveal physics matter of Campbell law， but also can carry out fractal research of prediction of soil water retention. The comparison of predicted soil water retention with measured data shows that the proposed model can be used to describe various soil textures.

scholarly journals PENGARUH DOSIS PUPUK KANDANG SAPI TERHADAP SIFAT FISIK DAN KIMIA TANAH PADA TANAMAN KACANG TANAH (Arachis Hypogaea L.)

AGRICA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Wawo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Chemical Properties ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Total Soil ◽  
Soil Pore Space ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The Effect of Dosage Organik Fertilizer on Physical Properties  and Land Chemistry in Soan Beans (Arachis Hypogaea L.). This Research Aims To: Determine The Effect Of Cow Manure Does On Soil Physical Properties Of Peanut Plants. Knowing The Effect Of Cow Manure Does On Soil Chemical Properties In Peanut Plants. To Know Optimum Dose Of Cow Manure Can Affect Physical And Chemical Properties Of Soil Peanut Plant. The treatments used in this study were Pk0 (0 Ton Ha-1 or without Cow Manure), Pk1 (10 Ton Ha-1 Cow Manure), Pk2 (20 Ton Ha-1 Cow Manure), Pk3 (30 Ton Ha- 1 Cow Manure, Pk4 (40 Ton Ha-1 Cow Manure). The Observing Variables in This Study are Soil Physical Properties Variables, which include Bulk Density (G Cm-3) and Total Soil Pore Space (%), And Soil Chemical Properties Variables That Cover N-Total Soil, P-Soil Available, K-Available Soil, C-Organic Soil, And Ph Soil. Research Results Show That Giving Cow Cage Fertilizer in Peanut Plants In General Has an Effect of Improving Soil Physical Properties in the Form of Increasing Soil Volume Weight and Total Soil Pore Space, Giving Cow Cage Fertilizer in Peanut Plants Generally Affecting Improving Soil Chemical Properties in the Form of Increasing N-Total , P-Available, K-Available, C-Organic And Soil Ph As Well As The Optimum Dose Of Cow Manure That Can Improve The Physical And Chemical Properties Of Soil In The Best Peanut Plants Are 40 Tons / Ha.

scholarly journals Gamma-Ray Attenuation to Evaluate Soil Porosity: An Analysis of Methods

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz F. Pires ◽  
André B. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Ray ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Soil Bulk Density ◽  
Soil Porosity ◽  
Porous System ◽  
Soil Pore Space ◽  
Gamma Ray Attenuation ◽  
Dry Soil

Soil porosity (ϕ) is of a great deal for environmental studies due to the fact that water infiltrates and suffers redistribution in the soil pore space. Many physical and biochemical processes related to environmental quality occur in the soil porous system. Representative determinations ofϕare necessary due to the importance of this physical property in several fields of natural sciences. In the current work, two methods to evaluateϕwere analyzed by means of gamma-ray attenuation technique. The first method uses the soil attenuation approach through dry soil and saturated samples, whereas the second one utilizes the same approach but taking into account dry soil samples to assess soil bulk density and soil particle density to determineϕ. The results obtained point out a good correlation between both methods. However, whenϕis obtained through soil water content at saturation and a 4 mm collimator is used to collimate the gamma-ray beam the first method also shows good correlations with the traditional one.

scholarly journals The Characteristics Of Shoreface Deposits And The Reservoir Implication Of Seulimum Formation, Aceh Besar

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Hidayat Syah Putra ◽  
Rifqan Rifqan ◽  
Akmal Muhni ◽  
Dewi Sartika
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Pore Space ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Geological Data ◽  
Sedimentary Process ◽  
Quaternary Period ◽  
Tectonic Settings ◽  
Reservoir Potential ◽  
Space Conditions

The shoreface deposits study commonly conducted to characterize the reservoir's physical properties carried out by surface geological data. The physical properties focused on pore space conditions controlled by sedimentary process and tectonic settings in Seulimum Formation. The method used as descriptive analysis and previous study of the area interested. The geological data showed shoreface environmental deposits that can be divided into two types of environmental deposits they are middle shoreface and upper shoreface deposits. These environmental deposits are proven by some features such as bioturbation with an abundant presence of Ophiomorpha in the second stop sites (total 5 stop sites). The first stop site indicates two kinds of environmental deposits by coarse sandstones and mudstones dominated facies presence in the specific beds. Mudclast and hummocky structures also present in the field observation that concludes complex environmental deposits during the quaternary period the formation. Based on characteristics of facies could suggest those sediment products deposited on shallow marine. These wave-dominated coasts generally have an excellent reservoir potential effect on shoreface sands that are laterally continuous and were orientated parallel to the shoreline.

scholarly journals МОНГОЛ ОРНЫ ЗАРИМ НУУРЫН ЭМЧИЛГЭЭНИЙ ШАВРЫН БАЛЬНЕОЛОГИЙН СУДАЛГАА

2016 ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
Ганиа Долмаа ◽  
Батнасан Баяраа ◽  
У Энхбадрал ◽  
Ганхүрэл Ганзаяа ◽  
Бямбажав Номинцэцэг
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Heat Capacity ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Specific Weight ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Moisture Capacity ◽  
Natural Remedy ◽  
The World

The peloids are the important natural remedy all over the world. Balneological and physical properties of eight Mongolian peloids collected from Lake Khyaraan (Selenge province), Tushigtsagaan (Selenge province) and Nogoon (Gobi-Altai province), Lake Kholboolj (Bayankhongor province), Lake Khundagan (Tuv province), Lake Tsaidam and Nokhoi Unadag (Arkhangai province), Lake Gurvan nuur (Khentii province), have been studied using analytical techniques. According the research we have determined physical properties of peloids from eight lakes (specific weight, moisture, porosity and moisture capacity) and balneological properties (liminess, thermal conductivity, heat capacity and the ability to retain heat) respectively. In result of the research, the physicochemical characteristics of the peloids are correcting standard satisfactory which treatment needs.

IMPACT OF FALLOWS ON THE WATER-PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CHESTNUT SOILS

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 520-527
Author(s):  
S.O. Kanzyvaa ◽  
◽  
S.B.N. Kuzhuget ◽  
N.D. Chadamba ◽  
A.V. Khuurak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Permeability ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Moisture Capacity ◽  
Chestnut Soils ◽  
Fallow Soil ◽  
The Republic

Modern arable land in the Republic of Tyva is located on chestnut soils (69%) and chernozems (25%), but the former are characterized by low fertility. Soil fertility depends on the particle size distribution, structure, water-air regime, etc. Durind agricultural use of soils, the disturbance of the structure, especially of light particle size distribution, as well as depletion of humus and nutrient reserves can occur in them. Therefore, the aim of our work was to identify the influence of fallows on the change in the waterphysical properties of chestnut soils of the BarunKhemchiksky district of the Republic of Tyva. The chestnut soils of fallow and arable lands of the Barun-Khemchiksky district of the Republic of Tyva with the laying of two soil sections in arable and fallow fields were chosen as the object of the study. Soil samples from two horizons (arable and subsurface) were selected by the five-spot method. The water properties of these soils were subjected to the following analyzes: determining the water permeability of the soil according to the method of N. A. Kachinsky, determining the speed and height of rising water, determining the total capillary moisture capacity. As a result, it was found that the soil cover of the studied territories is represented by light loamy chestnut soils. Samples of fallow soil showed good water permeability with the amount of incoming water 80–100 mm per 1 hour. The water-lifting rate of soil arable land samples is slightly greater than the soil samples of the fallow: the soil sample of the arable layer of the arable land was completely moistened after 20 minutes, and the soil sample of the arable horizon of the fallow – only after 40 minutes. The moisture capacity of the fallow soil samples turned to be slightly higher than the arable land. An analysis of the studied samples indicates the improvement in the water-physical properties of the chestnut soils of the fallow compared with the arable field. Relatively low moisture capacity and accelerated water capacity indicate a destroyed and dispersed structure of arable land.

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