Control the transformation of organic matter in the soils of Western Polesie

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (95) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
V.M. Polovyi ◽  
Т.М. Kolesnyk
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Balanced Structure ◽  
Transformation Of Organic Matter ◽  
Production Organization

The peculiarities of agricultural production organization in Ukraine, which are found of the land fund and agricultural lands non-balanced structure is halping to soil erosion losses an increasing by 2,3 times and soil dehumidification at the level of 0,203 t / ha. Transformation of Ukrainian crop areas structure for the period 1990-2016 was helped to an increasing of the arable land erosion hazard coefficient from 0,44 to 0,56, which provokes loss of soil organic matter by 27,3%. The transformation of Ukrainian crop areas structure by decreasing the share of cutting-edge crops has reduced the soil organic matter ballance deficit in arable soils by 72 % (+ 0,28 t / ha), the effect of which decreased by 2,14 times due to a decreasing of arable land with organic fertilization. The unbalanced supply of nutrient-fertilizing elements to the arable land of Ukraine, the limiting factor of which is the narrow C: N ratio, which is lower than the optimal by 2,48 times, is an additional important factor of accelerating arable soils dehumidification.

scholarly journals Effects of changing land use in the Netherlands on net carbon fixation.

1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 237-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Wolf ◽  
L.H.J.M. Janssen
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Pool Size ◽  
Average Amount

The changed crop rotation on arable land, the decreasing grassland area and the increase in forest area in the Netherlands resulted in a decrease in C pool size. For the calculation of this C pool a method requiring only three input data (average amount of crop or tree residue rate, soil organic matter decomposition and the humification coefficient) has been applied. However the method can only be applied to situations in equilibrium where all three input data are equal. For a changing land use a new state of equilibrium and rate of change in C pool size can be calculated. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

Sterols in soil organic matter in relation to nitrogen mineralization in sandy arable soils

2011 ◽  
Vol 174 (4) ◽  
pp. 576-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Heumann ◽  
André Schlichting ◽  
Jürgen Böttcher ◽  
Peter Leinweber
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Nitrogen Mineralization ◽  
Arable Soils

scholarly journals Effect of afforestation of agricultural soils and tree species composition on soil physical characteristics changes

2014 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Vopravil ◽  
Vilém Podrázský ◽  
Tomáš Khel ◽  
Ondřej Holubík ◽  
Stanislav Vacek
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Type A ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Soil Physical Characteristics

AbstractThis paper deals with the evaluation of the effect of afforestation of previously arable land to soil characteristics changes. One of the main aims was to evaluate the effects of each forest species on the soil structure quality after afforestation. Soil samples were taken at two climatically distinct subregions within the Czech Republic. Based on the different site conditions, two study sites were chosen at each locality for a total of four research sites. Detailed soil survey and basic forest stand inventories were conducted at all four sites. The first locality was established in the Rychnov nad Kněžnou district in the Protected Landscape Area of the Orlické mountains (soil type a Haplic Cambisol). The second locality was established in the Prague-East district (soil type a Haplic Cambisol and a Haplic Stagnosol). Afforestation had a positive influence on the soil physical characteristics which are important for the maintenance of soil stability. Forest cover has a major influence on increasing the soil porosity, by decreasing the reduced bulk density and increasing capillary and gravitational pores, which is crucial. Afforestation was also found to be positively related to increases in soil organic matter content in different forms, both stable and unstable, and tendency of considerable soil organic matter accumulation not only in the layer of surface humus but also in the entire soil profiles of the research sites. The main contributor to soil improvement after afforestation is the formation of stable soil aggregates. This is typical also for spruce and pine cover.

scholarly journals Benefits of Cover Crops for Soil Health

EDIS ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoana C. Newman ◽  
David L. Wright ◽  
Cheryl Mackowiak ◽  
J.M.S. Scholberg ◽  
C. M. Cherr
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Cover Crops ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Nutrient Release ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Residue Incorporation

SS-AGR-272, a 4-page fact sheet by Y.C. Newman, D.W. Wright, C. Mackowiak, J.M.S. Scholberg and C.M. Cherr, discusses the benefits of cover crops in agricultural production, the benefits of soil organic matter; how to match cover crop nutrient release with future crop demand; timing and depth of residue incorporation; and erosion, pest and weed control. Includes references. Published by the UF Department of Agronomy, November 2007. SS AGR 272/AG277: Benefits of Cover Crops for Soil Health (ufl.edu)

scholarly journals ORGANIC MATTER FRACTIONS IN A QUARTZIPSAMMENT UNDER CULTIVATION OF IRRIGATED MANGO IN THE LOWER SÃO FRANCISCO VALLEY REGION, BRAZIL

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 1068-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Alberto Ferreira Cardoso ◽  
Augusto Miguel Nascimento Lima ◽  
Tony Jarbas Ferreira Cunha ◽  
Marcos Sales Rodrigues ◽  
Luis Carlos Hernani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Fulvic Acid ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
C Stocks ◽  
Organic Matter Fractions ◽  
The Impact

Improper land use has lead to deterioration and depletion of natural resources, as well as a significant decline in agricultural production, due to decreased soil quality. Removal of native vegetation to make way for agricultural crops, often managed inadequately, results in soil disruption, decreased nutrient availability, and decomposition of soil organic matter, making sustainable agricultural production unviable. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of growing irrigated mango (over a 20 year period) on the organic carbon (OC) stocks and on the fractions of soil organic matter (SOM) in relation to the native caatinga (xeric shrubland) vegetation in the Lower São Francisco Valley region, Brazil. The study was carried out on the Boa Esperança Farm located in Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil. In areas under irrigated mango and native caatinga, soil samples were collected at the 0-10 and 10-20 cm depths. After preparing the soil samples, we determined the OC stocks, carbon of humic substances (fulvic acid fractions, humic acid fractions, and humin fractions), and the light and heavy SOM fractions. Growing irrigated mango resulted in higher OC stocks; higher C stocks in the fulvic acid, humic acid, and humin fractions; and higher C stocks in the heavy and light SOM fraction in comparison to nativecaatinga, especially in the uppermost soil layer.

Leys and soil organic matter

1964 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 377-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Clement ◽  
T. E. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Row Crops

1. The increase in soil carbon has been assessed in arable land sown to different leys variously managed.2. Under swards cut for herbage conservation, carbon in the top 15 cm. of soil increased by about 0-05 % each year. Although an increase of 0-3 % was found immediately under drills of cocksfoot grown for seed production, there was no increase midway between the drills and, for a given area of land, the carbon increment under such row-crops is probably similar to that under cut swards.

The Carbon-Nitrogen Ratio of Soil Organic Matter

1930 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. McLean
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Arable Soils ◽  
Grassland Soils ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Carbon Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Nitrogen Ratio ◽  
Soil Climate ◽  
Range Of Variation

1. The average carbon-nitrogen ratio for fifty British soils from widely distributed areas approximates to the figure 10: 1 given by other investigators. The range of variation is from 6·5 to 13·5: 1. Sixteen foreign samples gave C/N ratios varying from 2·0 to 23·0: 1.2. Soils from limited areas, whether high or low in organic carbon, give approximately constant ratios, but these ratios vary from place to place according to soil, climate, etc. It is suggested that the C/N ratios may be specific.3. The C/N ratios of arable soils do not differ appreciably from those of grassland soils. The percentages of carbon and nitrogen are somewhat higher in the grassland samples than in the arable samples.

scholarly journals Characterization of soil organic matter by near infrared spectroscopy – determination of glomalin in different soils

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiří Zbíral ◽  
David Čižmár ◽  
Stanislav Malý ◽  
Elena Obdržálková
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Calibration Model ◽  
Calibration Models

Abstract. Determining and characterizing soil organic matter (SOM) cheaply and reliably can help to support decisions concerning sustainable land management and climate policy. Glomalin, a glycoprotein produced by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, was recommended as a promising indicator of SOM quality. But extracting glomalin from and determining glomalin in soils using classical chemical methods is too complicated and time consuming and therefore limits the use of this parameter in large scale surveys. Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a very rapid, non-destructive analytical technique that can be used to determine many constituents of soil organic matter. Representative sets of 84 different soil samples from arable land and grasslands and 75 forest soils were used to develop reliable NIRS calibration models for glomalin. One calibration model was developed for samples with a low content of glomalin (arable land and grasslands), the second for soils with a high content of glomalin (forest soils), and the third calibration model for all combined soil samples. Calibrations were validated and optimized by leave-one-sample-out-cross-validation (LOSOCV) and by the external validation using eight soil samples (arable land and grassland), and six soil samples (forest soils) not included in the calibration models. Two different calibration models were recommended. One model for arable and grassland soils and the second for forest soils. No statistically significant differences were found between the reference and the NIRS method for both calibration models. The parameters of the NIRS calibration model (RMSECV = 0,70 and R = 0,90 for soils from arable land and grasslands and RMSECV = 3,8 and R = 0,94 for forest soils) proved that glomalin can be determined directly in air-dried soils by NIRS with adequate trueness and precision.

Relationships between the content and quality of the soil organic matter in arable soils

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaromir Kubát ◽  
Jitka Novakova ◽  
Michaela Friedlova ◽  
Barbora Frydova ◽  
Dana Cerhanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Arable Soils
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