General Linguistics : in 3 volumes. Vol. 2.

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Kurbanov
Keyword(s):  
General Linguistics

scholarly journals The Problem from the Standpoint of General Linguistics

1911 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 617-618
Author(s):  
C. L. Meader
Keyword(s):  
General Linguistics

Diez, Meyer-Lübke, and Co. The Founding of Romance Linguistics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcello Barbato
Keyword(s):  
Relative Weight ◽  
Romance Languages ◽  
Genealogical Tree ◽  
Etymological Dictionary ◽  
Germanic Linguistics ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
General Linguistics ◽  
German Linguist ◽  
Historical Grammar ◽  
The 19Th Century

The study of Romance linguistics was born in the 19th-century German university, and like all linguistics of that era it is historical in nature. With respect to Indo-European and Germanic linguistics, a difference was immediately apparent: Unlike Indo-European and Common Germanic, Latin’s attestation is extensive in duration, as well as rich and varied: Romance linguists can thus make use of reconstruction as well as documentation. Friedrich Diez, author of the first historical grammar and first etymological dictionary on Romance languages, founded Romance linguistics. His studies singlehandedly constructed the foundations of the discipline. His teaching soon spread not only across German-speaking countries, but also into France and Italy. Subsequently, the most significant contributions came from two scholars trained in the Indo-European field: the German linguist Hugo Schuchardt, whose doctoral thesis studied with sharp theoretical awareness the passage from Latin to the Romance languages, and the Italian Graziadio Isaia Ascoli, who showed how the Romance panorama could be extraordinarily enriched by the analysis of nonstandard varieties. The discipline thus developed fully and radiated out. Great issues came to be debated: models of linguistic change (genealogical tree, wave), the possibility of distinguishing dialect groups, the relative weight of phonology, and semantics in lexical reconstruction. New disciplines such as linguistic geography were born, and new instruments like the linguistic atlas were forged. Romance linguistics thus became the avant-garde of general linguistics. Meanwhile, a new synthesis of the discipline had been created by a Swiss scholar, Wilhelm Meyer-Lübke, who published a historical grammar and an etymological dictionary of the Romance languages.

Course in General Linguistics

1960 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Henry M. Hoenigswald ◽  
Albert Sechehay ◽  
Ferdinand de Saussure ◽  
Charles Bally ◽  
Albert Reidlinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Linguistics

Wilhelm Von Humboldt and North American Ethnolinguistics

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 111-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. F. Konrad Koerner
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
North American ◽  
Philosophy Of Language ◽  
Wilhelm Von Humboldt ◽  
Franz Boas ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Language Structure ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
General Linguistics ◽  
The Relationship

Summary Noam Chomsky’s frequent references to the work of Wilhelm von Humboldt during the 1960s produced a considerable revival of interest in this 19th-century scholar in North America. This paper demonstrates that there has been a long-standing influence of Humboldt’s ideas on American linguistics and that no ‘rediscovery’ was required. Although Humboldt’s first contacts with North-American scholars goes back to 1803, the present paper is confined to the posthumous phase of his influence which begins with the work of Heymann Steinthal (1823–1899) from about 1850 onwards. This was also a time when many young Americans went to Germany to complete their education; for instance William Dwight Whitney (1827–1894) spent several years at the universities of Tübingen and Berlin (1850–1854), and in his writings on general linguistics one can trace Humboldtian ideas. In 1885 Daniel G. Brinton (1837–1899) published an English translation of a manuscript by Humboldt on the structure of the verb in Amerindian languages. A year later Franz Boas (1858–1942) arrived from Berlin soon to establish himself as the foremost anthropologist with a strong interest in native language and culture. From then on we encounter Humboldtian ideas in the work of a number of North American anthropological linguists, most notably in the work of Edward Sapir (1884–1939). This is not only true with regard to matters of language classification and typology but also with regard to the philosophy of language, specifically, the relationship between a particular language structure and the kind of thinking it reflects or determines on the part of its speakers. Humboldtian ideas of ‘linguistic relativity’, enunciated in the writings of Whitney, Brinton, Boas, and others, were subsequently developed further by Sapir’s student Benjamin Lee Whorf (1897–1941). The transmission of the so-called Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis – which still today is attracting interest among cultural anthropologists and social psychologists, not only in North America – is the focus of the remainder of the paper. A general Humboldtian approach to language and culture, it is argued, is still present in the work of Dell Hymes and several of his students.

scholarly journals Types of Spelling Mistakes in Personal Documents of Russian Citizens and Migrants Applying for Russian Citizenship

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-227
Author(s):  
Tatiana N. Dmitrieva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Birth Certificates ◽  
Speech Communication ◽  
Letter Word ◽  
General Linguistics ◽  
Former Soviet Republics

The paper analyses mistakes and inconsistencies that tend to occur in the spelling of surnames, first names, and patronymics in personal documents of Russian citizens when they register for pensions and other welfare payments, as well as in the documents of migrants applying for Russian citizenship. The material for the study was retrieved from in-person enquiries received at the Department of Russian Language, General Linguistics and Speech Communication of the Ural Federal University during 2005–2021. The certificates issued by the author in response to those requests served to confirm the identity of the names of applicants and their relatives in birth certificates, passports, employment records, marriage certificates, etc. The material includes the documents drawn up on the territory of the USSR and former Soviet republics, and some in the far abroad. The paper identifies the types of mistakes and variations in the spelling of names, patronymics, and surnames in these documents and looks for the reasons to such variation. The study showed that along with spelling mistakes which are generally few (dropping / replacing a letter, adding an extra letter, word formation errors), there are much more frequent cases of variation of names, patronymics and surnames due to linguistic and sociolinguistic reasons: 1) the use of orthographic name variants, 2) the use of the literary and colloquial version of the name, 3) replacing a little-known name with a more popular one with similar pronunciation, 4) the existence of word-formation and phonetic variants including multilingual equivalents of the personal name, 5) new variants appearing in the course of rendering the name into Russian and transliteration of specific vowels and consonants of other languages, 6) changes in the graphics and spelling in the languages of the former Soviet republics and a tendency to correct the Russified forms of names, patronymics, and surnames initially recorded in Soviet times to match the updated norms.

scholarly journals Language in social reproduction: Sociolinguistics and sociosemiotics

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 43-81
Author(s):  
Patrizia Calefato
Keyword(s):  
Social Reproduction ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
Roman Jakobson ◽  
New Type ◽  
General Linguistics ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

This paper focuses on the semiotic foundations of sociolinguistics. Starting from the definition of “sociolinguistics” given by the philosopher Adam Schaff, the paper examines in particular the notion of “critical sociolinguistics” as theorized by the Italian semiotician Ferruccio Rossi-Landi. The basis of the social dimension of language are to be found in what Rossi-Landi calls “social reproduction” which regards both verbal and non-verbal signs. Saussure’s notion of langue can be considered in this way, with reference not only to his Course of General Linguistics, but also to his Harvard Manuscripts.The paper goes on trying also to understand Roland Barthes’s provocative definition of semiology as a part of linguistics (and not vice-versa) as well as developing the notion of communication-production in this perspective. Some articles of Roman Jakobson of the sixties allow us to reflect in a manner which we now call “socio-semiotic” on the processes of transformation of the “organic” signs into signs of a new type, which articulate the relationship between organic and instrumental. In this sense, socio-linguistics is intended as being sociosemiotics, without prejudice to the fact that the reference area must be human, since semiotics also has the prerogative of referring to the world of non-human vital signs.Socio-linguistics as socio-semiotics assumes the role of a “frontier” science, in the dual sense that it is not only on the border between science of language and the anthropological and social sciences, but also that it can be constructed in a movement of continual “crossing frontiers” and of “contamination” between languages and disciplinary environments.

scholarly journals Serbian theolinguistics today: Research issues and results

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 159-186
Author(s):  
Ksenija Koncarevic ◽  
Srdjan Petrovic
Keyword(s):  
Basic Research ◽  
Discourse Theory ◽  
Scientific Journals ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Methodological Basis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Republic ◽  
General Linguistics ◽  
Slavic Studies

The essay gives a survey of basic research directions in Serbian theolinguistics (in the fields of general linguistics, Serbian studies, Slavic studies and foreign philology), and presents the most important achievements in the fundamental and applicative fields of the study of the sacral language (from the synchronic perspective) which are presented in monographs, papers published in thematic anthologies, proceedings of scientific conferences and scientific journals in Serbia, Montenegro and the Republic of Srpska (with bibliographic references for the 2000-2013 period). Serbian theolinguistics, although in the stage of scientific constitution, potentially has a wide range of fundamental areas of study (some of the main issues from 2000 to 2013 were theoretical and methodological basis of theolinguistics, modern functioning of liturgical languages, confessional markedness of language levels, functional stylistics, genology and stylistics of resources, discourse theory) and spheres of application (lexicography, traductology, linguodidactics). Its perspective in the forthcoming period lies in strengthening the ties with leading centres of theolinguistics in the Slavic world and the integration of researchers of philological and theological profiles in order to further its development.

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