Antimicrobial prophylaxis in tonsillectomy: the efficacy of preoperative single-dose oral administration of azithromycin in preventing surgical site infection

Object Antimicrobial prophylaxis (AMP) reduces the rate of surgical site infection (SSI) in lumbar spine surgery, but a great deal of variation exists regarding the timing and duration of AMP. The authors had previously used prophylactic antibiotics for 5 to 7 postoperative days. Based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guideline, the AMP period was changed to the day of surgery only. In the current study, the authors compared the rate of SSI in lumbar spine surgeries between two different protocols of AMP. Methods Data from 1597 consecutive uninfected patients who had undergone lumbar spine surgery between January 1999 and September 2004 were reviewed. The pathophysiologies among these patients included disc herniation in 686, degenerative spondylolisthesis in 340, spinal stenosis in 259, failed lumbar surgeries in 73, degenerative scoliosis in 52, isthmic spondylolisthesis in 48, spinal trauma in 34, foraminal stenosis in 27, spinal tumor in 27, and miscellaneous in 51 patients. The rate of SSI was compared between the two AMP groups. There were 1133 patients in the multiple-dose group, and 464 patients in the single-dose group. The rate of instrumentation surgery was not statistically different between the multiple-dose group (43%) and the single-dose group (39%). The overall rate of SSI was 0.7%. The SSI rate was 0.8% in the multiple-dose group and 0.4% in the single-dose group; the difference between the two was not significant. Regarding the organisms of SSI, resistant strains of bacteria were cultured in five (83.3%) of six patients in the multiple-dose group, whereas none was cultured in the single-dose group. Conclusions Data in the current study did not demonstrate a difference in the rate of SSI between the two different AMP protocols. Based on the CDC guideline, a single dose of AMP was proven to be efficacious for the prevention of SSI in lumbar spine surgeries. A shorter duration of first-generation cephalosporin use may effectively prevent the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infection.

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The concentrations of clarithromycin and its 14-hydroxy metabolite in sputum of patients with bronchiectasis following single dose oral administration

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy ◽

10.1093/jac/33.2.289 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 289-297 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

K. W. T. Tsang ◽

P. Roberts ◽

R. C. Read ◽

F. Kees ◽

R. Wilson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Single Dose ◽

Oral Administration ◽

Dose Oral ◽

Hydroxy Metabolite

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Pharmacokinetics of chlordesmethyldiazepam after single-dose oral administration in humans

European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics ◽

10.1007/bf03189844 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 171-174 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

S. R. Bareggi ◽

R. Pirola ◽

S. eva ◽

L. Zecca

Keyword(s):

Single Dose ◽

Oral Administration ◽

Dose Oral

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The Use of Oral Antibiotics to Prevent Surgical Site Infection on Postoperative Modified Radical Mastectomy Patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya

Folia Medica Indonesiana ◽

10.20473/fmi.v56i1.24585 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

pp. 36

Author(s):

Norman Hadi ◽

Hantoro Ishardyanto

Keyword(s):

Single Dose ◽

Surgical Site Infection ◽

General Hospital ◽

Radical Mastectomy ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽

Site Infection ◽

Oral Antibiotics ◽

Modified Radical Mastectomy ◽

Significant Difference

Surgical operations on modified radical mastectomy are considered clean procedures by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) wound classification system. Despite this, higher than expected Surgical Site Infection (SSI) rates are reported, varying from 1 % to 26 % across the literature. Some surgeons also prescribe postoperative prophylaxis for postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients to prevent infection despite its lack of proven efficacy. The aim of this study is to analyze the use of oral antibiotics to prevent Surgical Site Infection (SSI) on postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. This study was double-blinded randomized control trial of 60 postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients (2 groups) during the period of December 2017 to March 2018. Samples were prospectively divided into two groups (random sampling), in group A (n=30) patients received single dose prophylactic antibiotics and continued with oral antibiotics postoperative (Cefadroxil 2 x 500 mg) during 7 days and in group B (n=30) patients received single dose prophylactic antibiotics and continued without postoperative antibiotics (placebo). Both groups were evaluated clinically for surgical site infection up to 30 days. There was no statistically significant difference in both groups {p=1 (p>0.05)}. There was no incidence of surgical site infection in both groups during the 30-day follow-up period (days 3, 7, 14 and 30). There was no difference in the surgical site infection rate among those who received oral postoperative antibiotics prophylactic and without antibiotics (placebo) on postoperative modified radical mastectomy patients in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. Because of the potential adverse events associated with antibiotic use, further evaluation of this practice is required.

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To study the effectiveness of prophylactic use of ceftriaxone (single dose) in caesarean section in low risk patients in a tertiary care center, Moradabad, India

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20175440 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (12) ◽

pp. 5278

Author(s):

Ruby Kumari ◽

Arti Sharma ◽

. Sheetal ◽

Pratibha Roy ◽

. Anupriya

Keyword(s):

Single Dose ◽

Caesarean Section ◽

Surgical Site Infection ◽

Care Center ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Infectious Complications ◽

Low Risk ◽

Tertiary Care Center ◽

Site Infection ◽

Risk Patients

Background: There is increasing incidence of caesarean section throughout the world. As caesarean section is associated with infectious complications which increase the rate of morbidity and mortality of mothers. For prevention of infectious complications antibiotics are used but careless use of antibiotics increasing incidence of antibiotic resistance. Many guidelines and studies recommend single dose antibiotic prophylaxis for women undergoing elective or non-elective caesarean section. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of Ceftriaxone as prophylactic antibiotic (single dose) in caesarean section in low risk patients.Methods: A Prospective single blind study was carried out in the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, TMMC and RC Moradabad, a tertiary care center, in all low risk patients underwent for Elective and Emergency Lower segment caesarean section for 1 year from 1st June 2015 to May 2016 on 110 patients. Data was collected and analyzed by percentage and proportion.Results: Prevalence of caesarean section was maximum in women of 26-35years age group (52.72%),about 67.27% was emergency LSCS, most common indication of caesarean section was Fetal distress (29.09%),refusal for vaginal delivery after caesarean section (10.90%) was one of the cause for increasing rate of repeat caesarean section, 41.81% women in labour,72.27% cases were with intact membrane, in 9.09% cases, antibiotic had to change in post-operative period due to urinary tract infection and surgical site infection, most common post-operative complication was superficial surgical site infection with purulent discharge (2.72%). No major life-threatening complication occurred.Conclusions: Single dose of Ceftriaxone is effective for prevention of post-caesarean infectious complication.

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Reconsideration of administering antimicrobial prophylaxis agent to aim at surgical site infection prevention in the field of otorhinolaryngology

JOURNAL OF JAPAN SOCIETY FOR HEAD AND NECK SURGERY ◽

10.5106/jjshns.19.141 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 141-146

Author(s):

Kazuaki Sei ◽

Kunihiro Nishimura ◽

Nobuyuki Katahira ◽

Shinya Banno ◽

Mariko Tatematsu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surgical Site Infection ◽

Infection Prevention ◽

Antimicrobial Prophylaxis ◽

Site Infection

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Intra-incisional versus intravenous route of antibiotic administration in preventing surgical site infections: a randomized controlled trial

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20181126 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 1438

Author(s):

Aditya N. Patil ◽

Veerendra M. Uppin

Keyword(s):

Single Dose ◽

Surgical Site Infection ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Surgical Site Infections ◽

Intravenous Route ◽

Antibiotic Administration ◽

Site Infection ◽

Open Appendicectomy ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common postoperative complications following abdominal surgeries. Whilst the use of prophylactic antibiotics has been shown to reduce postoperative wound infection, controversy still remains as to the optimum route of administration and the duration of treatment. This study aims to compare the efficacy of a preoperative single dose of a cephalosporin antibiotic (cefotaxime) administered intraincisionally versus that administered intravenously, in preventing postoperative surgical site infections following appendicectomy.Methods: Sixty consecutive cases diagnosed as uncomplicated appendicitis who consented for open appendicectomy at a tertiary care institute were included in the study. Cases were randomized to 2 comparable groups of 30 patients each. Preoperatively, patients in Group A received a single dose of Inj. Cefotaxime 1g intraincisionally while those in Group B received the same intravenously. Incision sites were examined every alternative day starting on postoperative day 3 until removal of sutures. Signs of surgical site infection, if any, were recorded and outcomes were statistically tested for significance.Results: One patient in Group A (3.3%) and 4 patients in Group B (13.3%) showed signs of postoperative surgical site infection (p >0.05) during the follow up period which prolonged their hospital stay.Conclusions: This study showed that a single dose preoperative intraincisional administration of cefotaxime was as effective as intravenous administration for prevention of postoperative surgical site infection after open appendicectomy. Although the difference was not statistically significant, there was a reduced incidence of SSI in individuals who received intraincisional antibiotic. These results are encouraging for a way forward in reducing unnecessary burdening of systemic antibiotics in patients undergoing abdominal surgeries.

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Toxicoklnetic of bifenox in goats after single dose oral administration

Toxicology Letters ◽

10.1016/s0378-4274(98)80567-5 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 95 ◽

pp. 143

Author(s):

T.K. Mandal ◽

S. Roy ◽

A.K. Chakraborty ◽

A. Bhattacharyya ◽

A. Chowdhury

Keyword(s):

Single Dose ◽

Oral Administration ◽

Dose Oral

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