Crisis, Life Events and Accidents

1977 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Whitlock ◽  
J. R. Stoll ◽  
R. J. Rekhdahl
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Matched Control Group ◽  
The Past ◽  
Minor Surgery

Using two life event scales, we found that patients who had sustained accidental injuries had experienced more changes in their lives over the past six months than a matched control group drawn from students and persons undergoing minor surgery. The implications of this finding are discussed.

Life events and the onset of neurotic illness: an investigation in general practice

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Cooper ◽  
Judith Sylph
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Life Events ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Life Goals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
London Borough ◽  
Matched Control Group ◽  
Index Group

SynopsisNew cases of neurotic illness identified during one month by each in turn of eight general practitioners in a London borough were investigated by means of standardized clinical and social interviews. When compared with a matched control group of consulting patients, the index group was found to have experienced significantly more life events during the three months before the onset of illness. Events particularly associated with neurotic illness were unexpected crises and failure to achieve various life goals. The distribution of events suggested that serious, threatening events have an important aetiological role; minor events appear to play a small contributory part which may become critical when the morbid risk is already high. The problems of method involved in this type of investigation are discussed.

Bereavement and grief in adults with learning disabilities

1997 ◽  
Vol 170 (6) ◽  
pp. 497-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Hollins ◽  
Alexander Esterhuyzen
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Behaviour Problems ◽  
Matched Control Group ◽  
Adults With Learning Disabilities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Loss Of A Parent

BackgroundThis paper reports the results of the first systematic study of the reaction of people with learning disabilities to bereavement.MethodA sample of 5O parent-bereaved people with learning disabilities was compared with a matched control group of 50 non-bereaved people. A semi-structured bereavement questionnaire was used along with the following instruments: the Aberrant Behaviour Checklist (ABC), the Psychopathology Instrument for Mentally Retarded Adults (PIMRA) and the Life Events Checklist.ResultsHighly significant differences are demonstrated between bereaved and non-bereaved samples on both the total scores and most of the subscores of the ABC and PIMRA. Staff and carers did not usually attribute behaviour problems to the bereavement and its concomitant life events, nor was there a recognition of psychopathology due to bereavement.ConclusionsThe impact in terms of psychiatric and behavioural morbidity of loss of a parent, with its concomitant life events, in adults with learning disabilities has been underestimated.

Strain-Producing Aspects of Life Events

1985 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Lubin ◽  
Charles T. Rubio
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Matched Control Group ◽  
Female College ◽  
Student Counseling ◽  
Clinic Group

To determine some of the important strain-producing aspects of life events, 30 male and 40 female college undergraduates attending the student counseling center were compared with a matched control group of nonhelp-seeking students from the same campus on 9 descriptive rating scales associated with each of the 60 items on the Stressful Life Events Inventory. Analyses indicated that the clinic group reported a significantly larger number of stressful life events and significantly more strain produced by these events than did the control group. Neither sex nor the interaction of sex and group was significant.

scholarly journals Fitness Matters as We Age: A Celebration of the VA Gerofit Program

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 771-771
Author(s):  
Miriam Morey ◽  
Cathy Lee
Keyword(s):  
Matched Control ◽  
Exercise Adherence ◽  
Health Promotion Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Program Outcomes ◽  
Matched Control Group ◽  
Supervised Exercise ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In recognition of the GSA’s 75th Anniversary “Why Age Matters” we celebrate the 7th anniversary of the Gerofit dissemination initiative. Gerofit is an exercise and health promotion program for older Veterans that has been declared a Veterans Health Administration (VA) “Best Practice” and been disseminated to 17 VA’s across the country. Over 7000 Veterans have participated in Gerofit initiated programs and have reported robust outcomes including improved quality of life, physical and mental health, and high levels of satisfaction with the programs. For this symposium, we focus on newly acquired program outcomes that emphasize the importance of fitness as we age. The first paper compares hospitalization and emergency room visits between individuals participating in Gerofit for 12 months compared to a matched control group. The second paper describes four-year trajectories of physical performance to highlight the impact of becoming fit over expected normative trajectories. The third paper examines outcomes of a home-based geriatric walking clinic. The fourth paper describes the impact of exercise adherence on chronic pain. The fifth paper describes changes in medication utilization compared to a matched control group following 12-months of supervised exercise. These papers highlight the importance of fitness as a contributor to overall health during the aging process and celebrates that fitness matters, no matter when you start!

Survival of BRCA1 breast and ovarian cancer patients: a population-based study from southern Sweden.

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 397-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
O T Jóhannsson ◽  
J Ranstam ◽  
A Borg ◽  
H Olsson
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Brca1 Mutation ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Breast And Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Matched Control Group ◽  
Group Survival

PURPOSE Recent studies indicate that BRCA1 breast and ovarian tumors may have an advantageous survival. In this population-based study, the survival of carriers of a mutated BRCA1 gene was investigated. PATIENTS AND METHODS The survival of 71 BRCA1-associated cancer patients (33 breast cancer, seven breast and ovarian cancer, and 31 ovarian cancer patients from 21 families with BRCA1 germline mutations) diagnosed after 1958 was compared with that of a population-based comparison group that consisted of all other invasive breast (n = 28,281) and ovarian (n = 7,011) cancers diagnosed during 1958 to 1995, as well as an age- and stage-matched control group. RESULTS No apparent survival advantage was found for BRCA1-associated breast cancers upon direct comparison. After adjustment for age and calendar year of diagnosis, survival was equal to or worse than that of the comparison group (hazards ratio [HR], 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.9 to 2.4). In comparison with an age- and stage-matched control group, survival again appeared equal or worse (HR, 1.5; 95% CI, 0.6 to 3.7). For BRCA1-associated ovarian cancers, an initial survival advantage was noted that disappeared with time. Due to this time dependency, multivariate analyses cannot adequately be analyzed. Compared with the age- and stage-matched control group, survival again appeared equal or worse (HR, 1.2; 95% CI, 0.5 to 2.8). CONCLUSION The results suggest that survival for carriers of a BRCA1 mutation may be similar, or worse than, that for breast and ovarian cancer in general. This finding is in accordance with the adverse histopathologic features observed in BRCA1 tumors and underlines the need for surveillance in families that carry a BRCA1 mutation.

scholarly journals Effects of Nutrient Intake Timing on Post-Exercise Glycogen Accumulation and its Related Signaling Pathways in Mouse Skeletal Muscle

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahashi ◽  
Matsunaga ◽  
Banjo ◽  
Takahashi ◽  
Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Glycogen ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glycogen Depletion ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Glycogen Accumulation ◽  
Matched Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference

We investigated the effects of nutrient intake timing on glycogen accumulation and its related signals in skeletal muscle after an exercise that did not induce large glycogen depletion. Male ICR mice ran on a treadmill at 25 m/min for 60 min under a fed condition. Mice were orally administered a solution containing 1.2 mg/g carbohydrate and 0.4 mg/g protein or water either immediately (early nutrient, EN) or 180 min (late nutrient, LN) after the exercise. Tissues were harvested at 30 min after the oral administration. No significant difference in blood glucose or plasma insulin concentrations was found between the EN and LN groups. The plantaris muscle glycogen concentration was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the EN group—but not in the LN group—compared to the respective time-matched control group. Akt Ser473 phosphorylation was significantly higher in the EN group than in the time-matched control group (p < 0.01), while LN had no effect. Positive main effects of time were found for the phosphorylations in Akt substrate of 160 kDa (AS160) Thr642 (p < 0.05), 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) Thr172 (p < 0.01), and acetyl-CoA carboxylase Ser79 (p < 0.01); however, no effect of nutrient intake was found for these. We showed that delayed nutrient intake could not increase muscle glycogen after endurance exercise which did not induce large glycogen depletion. The results also suggest that post-exercise muscle glycogen accumulation after nutrient intake might be partly influenced by Akt activation. Meanwhile, increased AS160 and AMPK activation by post-exercise fasting might not lead to glycogen accumulation.

Cognitive impairment in long-term benzodiazepine users

1988 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Golombok ◽  
Parimala Moodley ◽  
Malcolm Lader
Keyword(s):  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapeutic Practice ◽  
The Past ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
High Doses ◽  
One Year

SynopsisIn view of the very extensive and often prolonged use of benzodiazepines in therapeutic practice, this study was designed to investigate whether or not cognitive ability is impaired in longterm benzodiazepine users, and to determine the nature and extent of any deficit. Fifty patients currently taking benzodiazepines for at least one year, thirty-four who had stopped taking benzodiazepines, and a matched control group of subjects who had never taken benzodiazepines or who had taken benzodiazepines in the past for less than one year were administered a battery of neuropsychological tests designed to measure a wide range of cognitive functions. It was found that patients taking high doses of benzodiazepines for long periods of time perform poorly on tasks involving visual-spatial ability and sustained attention. This is consistent with deficits in posterior cortical cognitive function.

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