A novel non-invasive radiofrequency dermal heating device for skin tightening of the face and neck

Abstract Background While ablative techniques have been standard of care for the treatment of fine lines and wrinkles, microneedling is a minimally invasive alternative. Objectives The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of microneedling on facial and neck fine lines and wrinkles. Methods 35 subjects between 44 and 65 years old with Fitzpatrick skin types I-IV received four monthly microneedling treatments over the face and neck. Subjects returned one and three months post-treatment. At every visit, high-resolution ultrasonography, optical coherence tomography, transepidermal water loss and BTC-2000 were performed. 0.33mm microbiopsies were collected pre-treatment, before the fourth treatment and three months post-treatment. Results 32 subjects (93.75% female, 6.25% male) completed all seven visits. Facial dermal and epidermal density increased 101.86% and 19.28%, respectively from baseline at three months post-treatment. Facial elasticity increased 28.2% from baseline three months post-treatment. Facial attenuation coefficient increased 15.65% and 17.33% one and three months post-treatment. At study completion, blood flow 300µm deep decreased 25.8% in the face and 42.3% in the neck. Relative collagen type III and elastin gene expression was statistically higher three months post-treatment. However, total elastin protein levels unchanged compared to baseline. 58% of biopsies extracted three months post-treatment showed dermal muscle formation, compared to baseline 15.3%. Conclusions The results illustrate the effects of microneedling treatments. Non-invasive measurements and biopsy data showed changes in skin architecture and collagen/elastin gene expression suggesting skin rejuvenation, with new extracellular matrix production and muscle formation.

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In Vitro Evaluation of Facial Pressure and Air Leak with a Newly Designed Cushion for Non-Invasive Ventilation Masks

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare8040523 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 523

Author(s):

Hui-Ling Lin ◽

Yu-Chi Lee ◽

Ssu-Hui Wang ◽

Li-Ying Chiang ◽

Jui-Fang Liu

Keyword(s):

Contact Pressure ◽

Positive Airway Pressure ◽

Pressure Sensors ◽

Air Leakage ◽

Air Leak ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure ◽

Non Invasive Ventilation ◽

The Face

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a newly designed foam cushion on the air leakage and pressure when applied to the face. Methods: A teaching manikin connected to a bilevel positive airway pressure ventilator attached to four different brands of oronasal masks (Amara, Mirage, Forma, and Wizard) was used. The foam cushions of 5-mm and 10-mm-thickness were attached to the masks, and each mask was tested without a cushion. Six pressure sensors were placed on the manikin’s face, and data were recorded. Inspiratory volume and air leak flow from the ventilator were observed. Results: Air leakage was influenced by both the mask brand and the presence of a cushion. The presence of a cushion did not affect the Wizard mask in terms of leakage (p = 0.317) or inspiratory volume (p = 0.726). The Wizard and Amara masks generated the lowest contact pressure on the frontal forehead (p < 0.001) compared to the other five points. Conclusions: Utilisation of a cushion reduces air leakage and maintains greater inspiratory volume regardless of its thickness. The contact pressure varies depending on the brand of the mask, which would require a difference in the thickness of the cushion for pressure reduction.

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Open Eyebrow Correction

10.2310/ps.10042 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Jason Gardenier ◽

Daniel Driscoll

Keyword(s):

Cosmetic Surgery ◽

Upper Eyelid ◽

Endoscopic Techniques ◽

Less Invasive ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Brow Lift ◽

Brow Ptosis ◽

Facial Plastic ◽

The Face ◽

Chemical Denervation

The open brow lift is a powerful tool for facial rejuvenation of the upper third of the face which can address rhytids, upper eyelid hooding, and brow ptosis. With a history dating back over a hundred years, a variety of techniques have been described including coronal, pretrichial, mid-forehead, direct supraciliary, and transpalpebral brow lifts. These vary in terms of invasiveness and the ideal approach is determined by patient age, sex, symmetry, and anterior hairline characteristics. While endoscopic techniques became popular in the 1990s based on novelty, smaller incisions, less post-scar numbness, and a perception of less invasive nature, this technique’s popularity has diminished recently and less invasive open approaches have become more popular. Recent years have seen the numbers of all forms of brow lift become less common as neuromodulators, such as botulinum toxin, allow for chemical denervation of brow depressor muscles. This has become a truly non-invasive way to address minor forms of aging of the forehead and brow. However, for advanced cases, open brow lift remains a powerful technique which should remain in the arsenal of the plastic surgeon. This review contains 3 figures, 2 tables, and 39 references. Keywords: cosmetic surgery, facial plastic surgery, facial aging, brow ptosis, rhytids, facial nerve, supraorbital nerve, supratrochlear nerve

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A genuine smile is indeed in the eyes – The computer aided non-invasive analysis of the exact weight distribution of human smiles across the face

Advanced Engineering Informatics ◽

10.1016/j.aei.2019.100967 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. 100967 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hassan Ugail ◽

Ahmad Al-dahoud

Keyword(s):

Weight Distribution ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Computer Aided ◽

The Face

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Non-Invasive Forehead Segmentation in Thermographic Imaging

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s19194096 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (19) ◽

pp. 4096 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Francisco J. Rodriguez-Lozano ◽

Fernando León-García ◽

M. Ruiz de Adana ◽

Jose M. Palomares ◽

J. Olivares

Keyword(s):

User Interaction ◽

Lie Detection ◽

Detection Systems ◽

Average Temperature ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Face Images ◽

The Face ◽

Highly Correlated ◽

Thermal Face ◽

Computational Resources

The temperature of the forehead is known to be highly correlated with the internal body temperature. This area is widely used in thermal comfort systems, lie-detection systems, etc. However, there is a lack of tools to achieve the segmentation of the forehead using thermographic images and non-intrusive methods. In fact, this is usually segmented manually. This work proposes a simple and novel method to segment the forehead region and to extract the average temperature from this area solving this lack of non-user interaction tools. Our method is invariant to the position of the face, and other different morphologies even with the presence of external objects. The results provide an accuracy of 90% compared to the manual segmentation using the coefficient of Jaccard as a metric of similitude. Moreover, due to the simplicity of the proposed method, it can work with real-time constraints at 83 frames per second in embedded systems with low computational resources. Finally, a new dataset of thermal face images is presented, which includes some features which are difficult to find in other sets, such as glasses, beards, moustaches, breathing masks, and different neck rotations and flexions.

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Evaluation of the effectiveness of radio frequency (RF) treatment on improving the overall appearance of the facial skin in women – a pilot study

Health Promotion & Physical Activity ◽

10.5604/01.3001.0014.2635 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 8-14

Author(s):

Monika Wilk ◽

Amelia Lizak ◽

Aleksandra Matuła ◽

Anna Ściasłowska-Czarnecka

Keyword(s):

Visual Assessment ◽

Skin Condition ◽

Partial Reduction ◽

Radio Waves ◽

Facial Skin ◽

Regenerative Processes ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Global Trend ◽

The Face ◽

The Impact

Introduction: Aging facial skin is a natural and unavoidable process. It involves a gradual weakening of the biological activity of cells, extension of regenerative processes and reduction of adaptability. At the same time, a smooth, radiant, wrinkle-free complexion has been a global trend in cosmetology for many years, which results in more and more people, especially women, benefiting from new non-invasive anti-aging treatments. One of such treatments offered on the cosmetology market are treatments utilising RF radio waves. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the impact of a series of treatments utilising RF on the skin of the faces of women. Materials and methods: The analysis of the results was carried out by the examined person and by the authors of the project via a point scale of visual assessment of skin condition. The following facial skin parameters were analysed in the study: depth of wrinkles, elasticity, skin brightening and moisturising. Results and conclusions: The conducted own study proves the impact of treatments using RF radio waves on the skin of the face. The applied series of treatments caused a partial reduction of the most visible and deepest wrinkles, as well as improved elasticity, brightening and moisturising of the facial skin.

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Quantification of aerosol dispersal from suspected aerosol generating procedures

ERJ Open Research ◽

10.1183/23120541.00206-2021 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 00206-2021

Author(s):

Runar Strand-Amundsen ◽

Christian Tronstad ◽

Ole Elvebakk ◽

Tormod Martinsen ◽

Marius Dybwad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Test Chamber ◽

Nasal Cannula ◽

Low Flow ◽

Positive Pressure ◽

Productive Cough ◽

Significant Drop ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Oxygen Treatment ◽

The Face ◽

Particle Sizer

BackgroundOxygen delivering modalities like humidified high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and non-invasive positive-pressure ventilation (NIV) are suspected of generating aerosols that may contribute to transmission of disease such as COVID-19. We sought to assess if these modalities lead to increased aerosol dispersal compared to the use of non-humidified low-flow nasal cannula oxygen treatment (LFNC).MethodsAerosol dispersal from 20 healthy volunteers using HFNC, LFNC and NIV oxygen treatment was measured in a controlled chamber. We investigated effects related to coughing and using a surgical facemask in combination with the oxygen delivering modalities. An aerodynamic particle sizer measured aerosol particles (APS3321, 0.3–20 µm) directly in front of the subjects, while a mesh of smaller particle sensors (SPS30, 0.3–10 µm) was distributed in the test chamber.ResultsNon-productive coughing led to significant increases in particle dispersal close to the face when using LFNC and HFNC but not when using NIV. HFNC or NIV did not lead to a statistically significant increase in aerosol dispersal compared to LFNC. With non-productive cough in a room without air changes, there was a significant drop in particle levels between 100 cm and 180 cm from the subjects.ConclusionsOur results indicate that using HFNC and NIV does not lead to increased aerosol dispersal compared to low-flow oxygen treatment, except in rare cases. For a subject with non-productive cough, NIV with double-limb circuit and non-vented mask may be a favourable choice to reduce the risk for aerosol spread.

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Applications of Helium Plasma in Rejuvenation of the Face and Neck

10.5772/intechopen.100162 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Deirdre Leake ◽

Janet Lee

Keyword(s):

Patient Selection ◽

Radiofrequency Energy ◽

Open Approach ◽

Skin Tightening ◽

Bipolar Radiofrequency ◽

Tissue Contraction ◽

Thermal Spread ◽

Helium Gas ◽

The Face ◽

Skin Excision

Energy based devices have been developed for the purposes of tissue contraction and skin tightening. Its application in the face and neck have been explored using lasers, temperature controlled monopolar and bipolar radiofrequency, and ultrasound. The purpose of this chapter is to explore the various applications for the face and neck using Renuvion™, a unique energy driven device based on plasma generated from the combination of helium gas and radiofrequency energy. The advantage of this technology is its ability to offer precise delivery of heat to tissue with minimal thermal spread, in part due to the rapid cooling aided by the helium gas. We will explore the options in which this technology can be incorporated to rejuvenate the face and neck, the patient selection considerations in choosing method of approach, surgical technique, anticipated outcomes, potential concerns and or complications associated with this and expected perioperative care. Applications in the face and neck include: (1) Subdermally in the neck as a stand alone procedure with or without liposuction. (2) Subdermally in a limited incision, non-excisional technique with a concomitant platysmaplasty either with an open approach or percutaneous use of suture suspension for the platysmal muscle. (3) Subdermally in conjunction with an open traditional rhytidectomy involving skin excision. (4) Ablative resurfacing—fractional or pulsed and full continuous modalities (non-FDA cleared at the time of this writing). It is the authors’ experience that with appropriate patient selection this can be a powerful tool that can deliver skin tightening and rhytid reduction not seen by other technologies available.

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SKIN SURFACE CHEMISTRY AS A DIAGNOSTIC TOOL FOR SKIN DISEASES

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences & Technology ◽

10.37648/ijrmst.v11i02.014 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (01) ◽

Author(s):

Liqaa Samir Esmail

Keyword(s):

Optical Imaging ◽

Chronic Wounds ◽

Skin Diseases ◽

Sense Organ ◽

Skin Barrier ◽

Skin Surface ◽

Skin Layer ◽

The Body ◽

Non Invasive ◽

The Face

The skin is the biggest sense organ in the body, with a surface area of 1.7m2 in adults. Because standard histological procedures influence skin components, several dermatological research has had little effectiveness in showing skin function. The structure of each skin layer may now be visualised non-invasively thanks to recent advances in non-invasive optical imaging. Individual skin components, on the other hand, remain difficult to identify. Understanding skin's chemical and physical features helps the cosmetics sector create deodorant, lipstick, and moisturizers. In addition, PH regulates the activation of proteases linked to the formation of chronic wounds and impacts skin barrier functions. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive optical imaging innovation that creates high-resolution photos of the face and cross-areas of the skin. While OCT has a lot of potentials, many dermatologists are unfamiliar with it. This article aims to give professional dermatologists a basic grasp of skin OCT concepts and clinical applications.

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Mucormycosis of the paranasal sinuses in a patient with acute myeloid leukemia

Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo ◽

10.2298/sarh1612657c ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 144 (11-12) ◽

pp. 657-660

Author(s):

Natasa Colovic ◽

Valentina Arsic-Arsenijevic ◽

Aleksandra Barac ◽

Nada Suvajdzic ◽

Danijela Lekovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Febrile Neutropenia ◽

Acute Leukemia ◽

Fungal Infection ◽

Invasive Fungal Infection ◽

Paranasal Sinuses ◽

Rhizopus Oryzae ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Specimen Processing ◽

The Face ◽

The Right

Introduction. Invasive fungal infection is among the leading causes of morbidity, mortality, and economic burden for patients with acute leukemia after induction of chemotherapy. In the past few decades, the incidence of invasive fungal infection has increased dramatically. Its management has been further complicated by the increasing frequency of infection by non-Aspergillus molds (e.g. Mucorales). Neutropenic patients are at a high risk of developing an invasive mucormycosis with fulminant course and high mortality rate (35-100%). Case Outline. We are presenting the case of a 72-year-old male with an acute monoblastic leukemia. The patient was treated during five days with hydroxycarbamide 2 ? 500 mg/day, followed by cytarabine 2 ? 20 mg/sc over the next 10 days. He developed febrile neutropenia, headache, and edema of the right orbital region of the face. Computed tomography of the sinuses revealed shadow in sinuses with thickening of mucosa of the right paranasal sinuses. Lavage and aspirate from the sinuses revealed Rhizopus oryzae. Mucormycosis was successfully treated with amphotericin B (5 mg/kg/day) followed by ketoconazole (400 mg/day). Two months later the patient died from primary disease. Conclusion. In patients with acute leukemia who developed aplasia, febrile neutropenia, and pain in paranasal sinuses, fungal infection should be taken into consideration. New and non-invasive methods for taking samples from sinuses should be standardized in order to establish an early and accurate diagnosis of mucormycosis with the source in paranasal sinuses, and to start early treatment by a proper antifungal drug. Clear communication between physician and mycologist is critical to ensure proper and timely sampling of lavage and aspirate from sinuses and correct specimen processing when mucormycosis is suspected clinically.

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