The salutogenic basis of an individual’s mental health and psychological well-being

Introduction. The stressfulness of modern society necessitates studying the factors in human positive functioning. As the practice of such research shows, the leading role in advancing toward an individual’s high-quality life belongs actually to his/her psychological resources, in particular his/her salutogenic orientation as a resource helping a personality remain stable in various circumstances of life. Aim. To identify salutogenic factors in an individual’s psychological well-being. Methods. J. Crumbaugh, L. Maholic’s Purpose-in-Life-Test; Maddi`s Hardiness Survey; the test-questionnaire of self-attitude proposed by V. Stolin, S. Pantileev; C. Riff’s model of psychological well-being; Wiesbaden Inventory (WIPPF) developed by N. Peseschkian and X. Deidenbach; R. Lazarus and S. Folkman method examining coping strategies of (the General Causality Orientation Scale of E. Deci, R. Ryan; A. Antonovsky’s Sense of Coherence scales. Results. Psychological resources maintaining and strengthening health and tolerance to stress, maintaining and developing personal opportunities are associated with the presence and awareness of life goals, positive self-acceptance, positive relationships with others and the ability to influence life events. An individual’s salutogenic orientation is based on a humanistic worldview, which is a sign of personal maturity, and such personal abilities as hope, love, trust, justice, politeness and others that are behavioural norms and ensure personal freedom and responsibility. Conclusions. From the standpoint of the salutogenic approach, human psychological health is considered as a state characterized by a certain position in the continuum between mental disorder and psychological well-being. An individual’s salutogenic orientation is the psychological basis for achieving the positive functioning states – psychological hardiness, life satisfaction and psychological well-being.

Download Full-text

Happy and healthy: The hypothesis of correlation between subjective well-being and psychological health and its role in late adulthood

Journal of Education Culture and Society ◽

10.15503/jecs20122.36.48 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 36-48

Author(s):

IRYNA HORBAL

Keyword(s):

Old Age ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Cognitive Assessment ◽

Well Being ◽

The Elderly ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Positive Functioning ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Late Adulthood ◽

Inner Work

Subjective well-being as an emotional-cognitive assessment of person’s life is an impor-tant aspect of psychological health and positive functioning in general. The hypothesis of connection between subjective well-being, psychological well-being and psychological health is presented. This correlation is very important in late adulthood for ensuring happy obsolescence but has some specifi c peculiarities due to the elderly people’s age and indivi-dual traits. Subjective well-being is a background for effective inner work of summarizing person’s previous life that is the main purpose in old age

Download Full-text

The Influence of Connectedness to Nature on Psychological Well-Being: Evidence from the Randomized Controlled Trial Play&Grow

Challenges ◽

10.3390/challe12010012 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 12

Author(s):

Tanja Sobko ◽

Gavin T. L. Brown

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Young Children ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Mental Health Problems ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Well Being ◽

Path Model ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Connectedness To Nature ◽

Randomized Controlled

Urbanized children today have fewer opportunities to interact with nature which may lead to a greater risk of mental health problems. The objective of this randomized controlled trial was to investigate which particular changes in connectedness to nature (CN) would improve psychological well-being (PW) in young children. Six hundred and thirty-nine preschoolers (52.0% boys, age 34.9 ± 9.5 months) participated in Play&Grow, an early environmental education intervention. Children’s CN and PW were evaluated by parents before and after the program with validated measures; the CNI-PPC (four factors) and the SDQ, Strength and Difficulties questionnaire (five factors), respectively. The effectiveness of the intervention on the primary outcomes (CN, PW) as well as the relationship between them was analyzed in a repeated measures path model with intervention status as a causal predictor. Specific CN factors consistently increased ProSocial behavior and reduced Hyperactivity and Emotional problems. In summary, this study showed that the previously reported impact shifted from the total CN score to the specific CN factors. The Play&Grow intervention positively increased children’s CN and improved some aspects of psychological well-being in children which is a preliminary evidence of developmental benefits of connecting young children with nature. Our results indicate promising direction of action for the improvement of families’ psychological health.

Download Full-text

Disclosure and health-related outcomes among children living with HIV and their caregivers

AIDS Research and Therapy ◽

10.1186/s12981-021-00337-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Margaret Amankwah-Poku ◽

Delight Abla Klutsey ◽

Kwaku Oppong Asante

Keyword(s):

Medication Adherence ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Well Being ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Hiv Status ◽

African Countries ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Adherence To Medication ◽

Living With Hiv

Abstract Background The prevalence of disclosure of status to children living with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is low in most sub-Saharan African countries, leading to poor compliance and adverse psychological outcomes in these children. This study examined the influence of disclosure on health outcomes in children living with HIV and their caregivers. Methods Using a cross-sectional design, 155 HIV-positive children between age 6–15 years and their caregivers were administered standardized questionnaires measuring adherence to medication, children's psychological well-being, caregiver burden, and caregivers’ psychological health. Results Results indicated that only 33.5% of the children sampled knew their status. Disclosure of HIV status was significantly related to medication adherence, psychological wellbeing, the burden of caregiving, and the length of the disclosure. A child’s age and level of education were the only demographic variables that significantly predicted disclosure of HIV status. In a hierarchical analysis, after controlling for all demographic variables medication adherence, psychological well-being and burden of caregiving were found to be significant predictors of disclosure of status in children living with HIV. Conclusions Findings suggest the need for disclosure of status among children living with HIV for a positive impact on their medication adherence and psychological health. These findings underscore the need for the development of context-specific interventions that will guide and encourage disclosure of status by caregivers to children living with HIV.

Download Full-text

Psychological Well-being and Active Ageing: Maintaining Quality of Life in Older Age

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(09)71335-5 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 24 (S1) ◽

pp. 1-1 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

T. McFarquhar ◽

A. Bowling

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Psychological Health ◽

General Health Questionnaire ◽

Well Being ◽

Poor Mental Health ◽

Postal Survey ◽

Active Ageing ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

British Sample

Aims:To investigate the relationship between psychological well-being and measures of active ageing in a British sample of older people. Active ageing is the process of optimising opportunities for health, participation and security to embrace quality of life as people age.Methods:A national survey of quality of life and psychological well-being including 999 people aged ≥65 years living in private households in Britain commenced in 1999. in the most recent follow up of 2007, 323 survivors aged ≥72 years completed a postal survey regarding their quality of life and specifically the process of active ageing. A subset of 42 participants was also interviewed qualitatively in 2008 about their perceptions of active ageing. Psychological well-being at baseline was measured using the 12 item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ12) and correlated with measures of active ageing at baseline and in subsequent follow ups. Measures of active ageing included number and frequency of leisure and social activities, physical ability and access to support networks.Results:A significant positive relationship between psychological well being and measures of active ageing was found at baseline (p< 0.05). Measure of active ageing in 2007 were also correlated with psychological well-being at baseline (p< 0.05). Qualitative interviews in 2008 provided additional insights into this relationship.Conclusions:Results suggesting a strong relationship between psychological health and ageing actively. Good psychological health may allow the elderly to maintain an active and fulfilling lifestyle and reduce isolation and dependence, which in turn may protect against some aspects of poor mental health.

Download Full-text

Work from home: Indonesian employees' mental well-being and productivity during the COVID-19 pandemic

International Journal of Workplace Health Management ◽

10.1108/ijwhm-08-2020-0152 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Auditya Purwandini Sutarto ◽

Shanti Wardaningsih ◽

Wika Harisa Putri

Keyword(s):

Psychological Health ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Work Performance ◽

Well Being ◽

Path Model ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Content Type ◽

Mental Well Being

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore to what extent employees' mental well-being affects their productivity while working from home (WFH) during the COVID-19 crisis and whether mental well-being and productivity differ across some socio-demographic factors.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional study with online questionnaires was designed with 472 valid responses in Indonesia. Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ) were administered. Non-parametric tests and structural equation modeling were employed to analyze the data.FindingsThe prevalence of depression was 18.4%, anxiety 46.4% and stress 13.1%, with relatively good productivity. Gender, age, education level, job experiences, marital status, number of children and nature of the organization were associated with the employees' psychological health but not with their productivity, while the workspace availability influenced both outcomes. The study path model showed the negative correlation between WFH employees' psychological well-being and productivity.Research limitations/implicationsThis study may contribute to the implication of current mandatory WFH on mental well-being and productivity. Further studies need to address the representativeness and generalizability issues as well as incorporating potential stressors.Practical implicationsOrganizations may adopt WFH as a future working arrangement and identify the individual and occupational characteristics that provide the most impacts on productivity. It is also necessary for them to develop proper strategies to mitigate the psychological risks and overcome the WFH challenges.Originality/valueThere is still a lack of studies investigating the relationship between simultaneous effects of WFH on psychological well-being and productivity, and how they affect some socio-demographic variables in the context of COVID-19.

Download Full-text

Abstract P087: Association of Psychological Well-Being With Cardiac Repolarization

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.125.suppl_10.ap087 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽

Author(s):

Amit J Shah ◽

Robert Carney ◽

Elsayed Z Soliman ◽

Viola Vaccarino

Keyword(s):

Psychological Health ◽

Disease Risk ◽

Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽

Well Being ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Psychological Wellness ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Mean

Background: Abnormal frontal T-axis is an independent predictor of mortality, and may be influenced by increased sympathetic tone and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Factors related to poor psychological health, such as depression, are associated with increased risk of CVD morbidity, although the mechanisms are not clear. We tested the hypothesis that: 1) reduced psychological wellness is associated with abnormal T-axis and 2) this association may help to explain the excess risk of CVD morbidity and mortality related to poor psychological health. Methods: We studied 4485 community-based adults aged 25–65 years without a history of CVD from NHANES I (1971–75) who were monitored for CVD hospitalization and death until 1993. Those with ECG evidence of previous MI, left ventricular hypertrophy, and major ventricular conduction defects (QRS interval ≥ 120 ms) were excluded. Frontal T-axis was obtained through 12-lead ECG, and a deviation of ≥ 30° from normal (45°) was considered abnormal. Psychological well-being was measured with the General Well-Being Scale (GWB). Results: The mean ± SD age was 43.1 ± 11.5 years and 55% were women. The mean ± SD GWB score was 80.5 ± 17.3, the median frontal T-axis was 51°, and 13% had an abnormal T-axis. In cross-sectional analysis adjusting for age, sex, and race, a 1-SD decrease in GWB was associated with an OR of 1.12 for abnormal T-axis (p=0.01). This effect was unchanged after adjusting for systolic blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, total cholesterol, and BMI. Abnormal T-axis was associated with CVD hospitalization/death (adjusted HR 1.29, p=0.01), as was GWB (adjusted HR 1.104 per 1-SD decrease, p=0.01). When both factors were included in the model, the HR of GWB decreased by 8% to 1.096 (p=0.02). Conclusion: Abnormal frontal T-axis is modestly but significantly associated with reduced psychological wellness. Although this association may help understand neurocardiac relationships, it does not substantially explain morbidity and mortality associated with reduced psychological wellness.

Download Full-text

Objectively Measured Sedentary Behavior, Obesity, and Psychological Well-Being: A Cross-Sectional Study of Japanese Schoolchildren

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2016-0374 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 270-274 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Kaori Ishii ◽

Ai Shibata ◽

Minoru Adachi ◽

Yoshiyuki Mano ◽

Koichiro Oka

Keyword(s):

Psychological Health ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Emotional Problems ◽

Well Being ◽

Self Report ◽

Sedentary Behaviors ◽

Japanese Children ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Psychological Well Being

Background:Sedentary behaviors (SB) are associated with health indicators; however, there are currently very few studies that have examined these associations, especially in conjunction with psychological factors, in children. The current study examined the independent relationship between objectively assessed SB, and indicators of obesity and psychological well-being, among Japanese children.Methods:A total of 967 elementary-school children completed a cross-sectional survey. SB was measured with accelerometers for 7 consecutive days. Psychological well-being data (eg, anxiety and behavior problems) were collected via a self-report questionnaire. To determine the relationship of SB with degree of obesity and psychological well-being, linear regression analyses were conducted to relate the indicators of obesity and psychological well-being on SB, adjusted by gender, grade, percentage of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity per day, duration spent wearing the accelerometer, and degree of obesity.Results:SB was significantly related to behavioral/emotional problems (β = .280, P = .010, R2 = .015). There was a statistically significant relationship between SB and anxiety (β = .206, P = .059, R2 = .007). No significant association with degree of obesity was found.Conclusions:Excess SB relates higher levels of behavioral/emotional problems and anxiety. These results can inspire the development of interventions that promote well-being and enhance psychological health, by focusing on SB in Japanese children.

Download Full-text

“EFFECTIVENESS OF GROUPACTIVITIES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL BEING AMONG ELDERLY LIVING IN SELECTED OLD AGE HOMES, UTTRAKHAND”

10.36106/ijsr/0601093 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 30-32

Author(s):

Divya Gaur ◽

J. ManoRanjini ◽

Grace Madonna Singh

Keyword(s):

Old Age ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Well Being ◽

The Elderly ◽

Psychological Problems ◽

Research Approach ◽

Full Potential ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Elderly Living ◽

Old Age Homes

Ageing is a phase when an individual faces many physical and psychological changes with the passing of years that ultimately affects their life style and their health status also1. Psychological problems and changes in psychological health can directly affect daily activities of the person as he or she will not be able to carry out those activities with their full potential. And due to the less awareness and information about the psychological problems and treatment, they lack to access the services and treatment properly3. Method- Quantitative research approach was adopted; total 61 participants were selected through Consecutive sampling technique. Data was collected by administering Socio- demographic Performa, and Ryff’s Psychological well being scale. The data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Result- In the present study the psychological well being of people residing in elderly homes before the intervention was assessed using interview method. Results shows that majority of sample (91.8%) had good psychological well being , followed by average (8.19%) psychological well being during pre- intervention assessment. Where the post intervention level of psychological well being was found very good in 100% sample. Conclusion- The study concludes that the elderly who are residing in retirement homes without family have some sort of decrease in psychological well being for many reasons they are not able to adjust in the demographic shift and lose their well being. After getting involved in activities, elderly psychological well being was improved to some extent. For all the elderly living in selected old age homes, it’s found that getting involved in group task or activities is a good and effective way to overcome the situation, and it has helped to improved their psychological wellbeing.

Download Full-text

Longitudinal Relationships Among Fear of COVID-19, Smartphone Online Self-Disclosure, Happiness, and Psychological Well-being: Survey Study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.28700 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jörg Matthes ◽

Kevin Koban ◽

Ariadne Neureiter ◽

Anja Stevic

Keyword(s):

Psychological Health ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Well Being ◽

Attrition Rate ◽

Survey Study ◽

Prevention Measures ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Self Disclosure ◽

The Impact ◽

Over Time

BACKGROUND Given that governmental prevention measures restricted most face-to-face communications, online self-disclosure via smartphones emerged as an alternative coping strategy that aimed at reducing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on people’s psychological health. Prepandemic research demonstrated that online self-disclosure benefits people’s psychological health by establishing meaningful relationships, obtaining social support, and achieving self-acceptance, particularly in times of crisis. However, it is unclear whether these dynamics transition well to lockdown conditions where online self-disclosure must stand almost entirely on its own. Longitudinal investigations are needed to gain insights into the psychological functionalities of online self-disclosure during the COVID-19 pandemic. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the temporal associations between smartphone online self-disclosure (as a communicative behavior) and critical indicators of psychological health (including psychopathological, as well as hedonic and eudaimonic states) during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Austria. METHODS We conducted a representative 2-wave panel survey between late March/April 2020 and May 2020. A total of 416 participants completed both waves (43.1% attrition rate, given n=731 participants who completed the first wave). A partially metric measurement invariant overtime structural equation model was used to determine the temporal associations among online self-disclosure, fear of COVID-19, happiness, and psychological well-being. RESULTS The analysis revealed that fear of COVID-19 significantly predicted online self-disclosure over time (b=0.24, P=.003) and happiness over time (b=−0.14, P=.04), but not psychological well-being (b=0.03, P=.48), that is, stronger COVID-19 fears at T1 prompted more online self-disclosure and less happiness at T2. Online self-disclosure, on the other hand, significantly predicted happiness (b=0.09, P=.02), but neither fear of COVID-19 (b=−0.01, P=.57) nor psychological well-being (b=−0.01, P=.57) over time. Participants who engaged more strongly in online self-disclosure at T1 felt happier at T2, but they did not differ from less-disclosing participants concerning COVID-19 fears and psychological well-being at T2. Importantly, happiness and psychological well-being were significantly related over time (happiness T1 → psychological well-being T2: b=0.11, P<.001; psychological well-being T1 → happiness T2: b=0.42, P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that online self-disclosure might play a pivotal role in coping with pandemic stressors. With restrictions on their options, individuals increasingly turn to their smartphones and social media to disclose their feelings, problems, and concerns during lockdown. While online self-disclosure might not alleviate fears or improve psychological well-being, our results demonstrate that it made people experience more happiness during this crisis. This psychological resource may help them withstand the severe psychological consequences of the COVID-19 crisis over longer timeframes.

Download Full-text

The Challenge of Being Both Local and Global: Bicultural Identity Integration among Indigenous Ladakhi Youth in Delhi

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology ◽

10.1177/00220221211025760 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (7) ◽

pp. 680-700

Author(s):

Simon Ozer ◽

Veronica Benet-Martínez ◽

Seth J. Schwartz

Keyword(s):

Emerging Adults ◽

Psychological Health ◽

Positive Association ◽

Well Being ◽

Cultural Orientation ◽

Bicultural Identity ◽

Identity Integration ◽

Psychological Well Being ◽

Bicultural Identity Integration ◽

Cultural Globalization

Ladakhi emerging adults have been exposed to cultural globalization through interaction with tourists and media, as well as through prolonged stays at globalized university contexts in major Indian cities. This globalization process has been hypothesized as detrimental to psychological health, in part because it poses the challenge of integrating a local Ladakhi identity with a global Western cultural identity. In the present study, we examined how exposure to cultural globalization and bicultural identity integration (tendency to bring together one’s local and global identities) moderates the positive links of Ladakhi and Western cultural orientation with psychological well-being among Ladakhis studying in Delhi ( N = 196). We found that exposure to cultural globalization did not affect the positive association between cultural orientation and psychological well-being. Moreover, bicultural harmony and blendedness were associated with a weaker relationship between Ladakhi cultural orientation and psychological well-being and, additionally, a stronger association between Western cultural orientation and well-being. Our results highlight contemporary challenges related to being both local and global in a culturally globalized context.

Download Full-text