Classification of communities with alien species on the South Urals. III. Communities with Bidens frondosa, Hordeum jubatum and Urtica cannabina

2016 ◽  
pp. 13-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Abramova ◽  
Ya. M. Golovanon
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
South Urals ◽  
The South ◽  
The Third ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Bidens Frondosa ◽  
Hordeum Jubatum ◽  
The Republic

The Republic of Bashkortostan is located between 51°34′ –56 °10′ N and 53°10′ — 59°59′ E, its length from the north to the south — 550 km, from the west to the east — 450 km. The territory of Bashkortostan consists of three main natural regions (provinces): the Bashkir Cis-Urals (about 65 % of the area), the South Urals (29 %) and the Bashkir Trans-Urals (6 %). These areas differ not only by the natural conditions (topography, climate, soil, vegetation, etc.), but also by their level of economic development. Currently, an expansion and naturalization of a number of North American alien species of the family Asteraceae Dumort. of the genera Ambrosia L., Xanthium L., Bidens L., Galinsoga Ruiz & Pav., Cyclachaena Fresen. etc. (Abramova, 2011, 2012, 2014, 2015) are observed in the Republic of Bashkortostan. Since 1990th of XX century we conduct a geobotanical research of communities with alien species. The article represents the third part of series of publications devoted to the classification of communities with alien species in the South Urals. The results of vegetation classification of communities with species from the gene­ra Ambrosia L., Cyclachaena (Nutt.) Fresen and Xanthium L. were published earlier (Abramova, 2011, 2015). In this article the communities with participation of three aggressive alien species such as: Bidens frondosa L., Hordeum jubatum L. and Urtica cannabina L. are presented. Two of them— Bidens frondosa and Hordeum jubatum — are included in “The black book of flora of the Central Russia” (Vinogradova, et al., 2010), and they are invasive species of many regions of Russia, and the third – Urtica cannabina — an invasive species of the South Urals (Abramova, 2014). As a result of the carried-out classification a Prodrome of communities is made, the synoptic table of syntaxa is given.

To syntaxonomy and ecology of communities with participation of alien species Hordeum jubatum L. in the South Urals

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Ya. M. Golovanov ◽  
L. M. Abramova
Keyword(s):  
Poa Pratensis ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Belt ◽  
Mountain Forest ◽  
South Urals ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The South ◽  
Juncus Gerardii ◽  
Hordeum Jubatum ◽  
The Republic

The synthaxonomy and ecology of communities with predominance of Hordeum jubatum L., included in the «black list» of the Republic of Bashkortostan (Abramova, Golovanov, 2016a), the preliminary «black list» of the Orenburg Region (Abramova et al., 2017) and the «Black book of flora of Middle Russia» (Vinogradova et al., 2010), are discussed in the article, which continues a series of publications on the classification of communities with alien species in the South Urals (Abramova, 2011, 2016; Abramova, Golovanov, 2016b). H. jubatum was first found in the South Urals in 1984 as an adventive plant occurring along streets in the town of Beloretsk, as well as in gardens where it was grown as an ornamental plant. During the 1980s, it was met also at some railway stations and in several rural localities. Its active distribution throughout the South Urals started in XXI century (Muldashev et al., 2017). Currently, H. jubatum, most naturalized in the native salted habitats of the steppe zone, is often found in disturbed habitats in all natural zones within the region. The short vegetating period and resistance to drought allowed it to be naturalized also in dry steppes, where it increasingly acts as the main weed on broken pastures. The aim of the work, conducted during 2011–2017, was further finding the centers of H. jubatum invasion in 3 regions adjacent to the South Urals — the Republic of Bashkortostan and the Chelyabinsk and Orenburg Regions (Fig. 1). In the main sites of H. jubatum invasion 71 relevès were performed on 10–100 m² sample plots with the information of location, date, the plot size, the total cover, average and maximum height of herb layer. Classification was carried out following the Braun-Blanquet method (Braun-Blanquet, 1964) with using the Kopecký–Hejný approach (Kopecký, Hejný, 1974). The community ecology was assessed by weighted average values according to the optimal ecological scales by E. Landolt with usfge of the software of IBIS (Zverev, 2007). PCA-ordination method with usage CANOCO 4.5 software package was applied to identify patterns of environmental differentiation of invasive communities. The current wide distribution area of H. jubatum and its naturalization in synanthropic, meadow and saline communities in the South Urals, as well as its occurrence within mountain-forest belt, forest-steppe and steppe zones both in the Cis- and Trans-Urals, indicates species wide ecological amplitude, high adaptive capability and invasive potential. Its vast thickets are known in the steppe zone, both in disturbed steppes around settlements and along the banks of water bodies. The invasion sites are smaller in the northern regions and mountain forest belt, where these are located in settlements or along communication lines. Therefore, the steppe zone is more favorable for invasive populations, and their distribution will continue from the south to the north. Communities with predominance of H. jubatum, described earlier (Abramova, Golovanov, 2016b) in the Cis-Urals as two derivative communities (associations Hordeum jubatum [Scorzonero–Juncetea gerardii], Hordeum jubatum [Artemisietea]) and Polygono avicularis–Hordeetum jubati, were met in other regions of the South Urals. Also a new derivative community Hordeum jubatum–Poa pratensis [Cynosurion cristati], occuring in the northern part of the Cis-Urals and Trans-Urals, was established. In new habitats this species forms three types of communities: ass. Polygono avicularis–Hordeetum jubati (Fig. 2) the most widespread in anthropogenic habitats throughout the South Urals; derivative community Hordeum jubatum–Juncus gerardii [Scorzonero–Juncetalia gerardii] (Fig. 5) which replaces saline meadows mainly in the steppe zone of the region; derivative community Hordeum jubatum–Poa pratensis [Cynosurion cristati] (Fig. 4) which y replaces low-herb meadows in the forest-steppe zone and mountain-forest belt. PCA ordination (Fig. 6) shows that moisture (H) and soil richness-salinization (S) factors are in priority in differentiation of communities with predominance H. jubatum. The first axis is mainly related to the salinization and soil richness. The community pattern along the second axis is associated with wetting factor. The cenoses of the derivative community Hordeum jubatum–Poa pratensis [Cynosurion cristati] (less salted substrates in drier conditions in the northern part of the forest-steppe zone and the mountain forest belt) are grouped in the upper part of the ordination diagram, while communities of ass. Polygono avicularis–Hordeetum jubati (drier conditions in settlements, the steppe zone) in its low left part. Thus, axis 1 also reflects the intensity of trampling. Another group is formed by cenoses of the derivate community Hordeum jubatum–Juncus gerardii [Scorzonero–Juncetalia gerardii], (salt substrates with a high level of moisturization, on not very damaged water body banks). All communities with H. jubatum are well differentiated in the space of the main ordination axes that indirectly confirms the correctness of our syntaxonomic decision. Undoubted is further expansion of H. jubatum with its entering both anthropogenic and natural plant communities within the South Urals that suggests a constant monitoring in centers of species invasion.

Classification of communities with invasive species in the South Urals. II. Communities with a presence of genera Cyclachaena Fresen. and Xanthium L. species

2015 ◽  
pp. 24-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Abramova
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Vegetation Classification ◽  
South Urals ◽  
Black Book ◽  
The South ◽  
Species Invasion ◽  
Flood Plains ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
Deductive Method

This article is the second part of the series of publications on vegetation classification of communities with invasive species in the South Urals (Abramova, 2011). The communities with a presence of two aggressive species of North American origin such as Cyclachaena xanthiifolia (Nutt.) Fresen. and Xanthium albinum (Widd.) H. Scholz. are presented. Both species are included in “The black book of flora of the Central Russia” (Vinogradova et al., 2010). Research was conducted during 2000–2009 in the territory of Bashkortostan Republic. Species invasion in the region and their naturalization on flood plains of the South Urals was noted (Abramova, Anufriyev, 2008; Abramova, 2014; Abramova, Nurmiyeva, 2014). In the centers of invasion of mentioned species 110 complete geobotanical descriptions of communities on trial platforms of 4–100 m² were executed. Classification of communities with the invasive species is carried out according to the Braun-Blanquet method with application of the deductive method (Kopečky, Hejny, 1974). The allocated syntaxa were compared to units earlier described in Bashkortostan Republic and other regions (Vegetace …, 2009; Yamalov et al., 2012; etc.).

scholarly journals BIOLOGY OF ACROPTILON REPENS (L.) DC. IN THE SOUTH URALS

Ekosistemy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol - (21) ◽  
pp. 75-84
Author(s):  
L. M. Abramova ◽  
A. N. Mustafina ◽  
S. V. Nurmieva ◽  
Ya. M. Golovanov
Keyword(s):  
First Record ◽  
Morphometric Parameters ◽  
South Urals ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
The South ◽  
Orenburg Region ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Acroptilon Repens ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Asteraceae Family

The article provides information on the biology of Acroptilon repens (L.) DC. This species is a perennial root weed from the Asteraceae family. It is included in the list of quarantine plants of the Russian Federation. In the South Urals the species appeared not long ago and is classified as potentially invasive. In the Republic of Bashkortostan the first record of the species dates back to 2013. The aim of the research was to study the biological characteristics and parameters of coenopopulations (CP) of a dangerous quarantine plant under new living conditions in the Republic of Bashkortostan in comparison with the previously formed invasive coenopopulations of the Orenburg region. Three localities of invasion of A. repens were examined (1 in the Republic of Bashkortostan and 2 in the Orenburg region) during the expedition trips in 2018. The research specifies that the maximum height of plants (47.9 cm) and most other morphometric parameters are registered in the Shkunovka CP. The highest percentage of the species participation in the community is also observed there (82.9 %). The largest number of shoots per 1 m2 (31.3) was found in the Kumertau CP. The Divnopolye CP and Shkunovka CP have similar indexes of morphometric parameters. The Kumertau CP is different from the CPs of Orenburg region in most parameters. Predominance of individuals of the highest class is noted in two coenopopulations of Orenburg region. They are classified as prosperous coenopopulations and Kumertau CP as a depressive one. The discriminant analysis proves that in all coenopopulations of A. repens, individuals are morphostructurally different, with no overlap between them. The Kumertau CP is phenotypically the most distant from the Divnopolye CP and Shkunovka CP.

scholarly journals Introducing the Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species: challenges with classification

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. e25306
Author(s):  
Shyama Pagad
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Alien Invasive Species ◽  
Validation And Verification ◽  
The World ◽  
Invasive Status

The Global Register of Introduced and Invasive Species (GRIIS) presents annotated country checklists of introduced and invasive species. Annotations include higher taxonomy of the species, synonyms, environment/system in which the species occurs, and its biological status in that country. Invasiveness is classified by evidenced impact in that country. Draft country checklists are subjected to a process of validation and verification by networks of country experts. Challenges encountered across the world include confusion with alien/invasive species terminology, classification of the ‘invasive’ status of an alien species and issues with taxonomic synonyms.

scholarly journals Database of anthropogenic vegetation of the Urals and adjacent territories

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 00037
Author(s):  
Yaroslav Golovanov ◽  
Larisa Abramova
Keyword(s):  
Average Height ◽  
Solidago Canadensis ◽  
Global Index ◽  
The Urals ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Anthropogenic Vegetation ◽  
Hordeum Jubatum ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Echinocystis Lobata

The main data on the geobotanical database – Database of antropogenic vegetation of Urals and adjacent territories registered in the Global Index of Vegetation-Plot Databases and the European Vegetation Archive are presented. The database includes more than 4,000 complete geobotanical relevés made between 1984 and 2020. The database contains the territories of 3 subjects of the Russian Federation (the Republic of Bashkortostan, Orenburg, Chelyabinsk regions) and 1 - the Republic of Kazakhstan (Aktobe region). For each relevés, a complete list of species with indication of abundance in points on the Braun-Blanquet scale. The main indicators (total cover, average height of the grass, etc.). For most descriptions, GPS coordinates and location are given. The ecological conditions were assessed with use of average values of E. Landolt scale. In the J. Braun-Blanquet classification system, all communities included in the database belong to nine vegetation classes (7 anthropogenic and 2 semi-natural), 75 associations and various types of communities. Geobotanical relevés with the dominance of such aggressive invasive species (Acer negundo, Ambrosia psylostachya, Echinocystis lobata, Elodea canadensis, Solidago canadensis, Heracleum sosnowskyi, Hordeum jubatum, Xanthium albinum etc.) are also included in the database.

scholarly journals Preliminary results of studies on the distribution of invasive alien vascular plant species occurring in semi-natural and natural habitats in NW Poland

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Popiela ◽  
Andrzej Łysko ◽  
Zofia Sotek ◽  
Krzysztof Ziarnek
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Alien Species ◽  
Lycium Barbarum ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Lupinus Polyphyllus ◽  
Reynoutria Japonica ◽  
Acer Negundo ◽  
Bidens Frondosa ◽  
Clematis Vitalba ◽  
Nw Poland

Abstract In Western Pomerania, as in other areas of Europe, alien species play an increasingly important role. In particular, invasive plants tend to spread rapidly and in large numbers which may reduce diversity of native species, leading to the phenomenon of “trivialisation of flora”, and transform ecosystems. The list of invasive species (32 taxa) includes alien species occurring throughout Western Pomerania, and penetrating natural or semi-natural habitats. The second group consists of potentially invasive species (23 taxa), i.e. those distributed across the area under study and tending to increase the number of their localities in semi-natural and natural habitats, taxa invasive only locally, as well as species with missing data, which does not currently allow including them into the first group. Invasive weeds, as well as some epecophytes and archaeophytes occurring only on anthropogenic sites and tending to spread, were not taken into account. Among hemiagriophytes, the most common and troublesome ones are: Conyza canadensis, Erigeron annuus, Lolium multiflorum, Lupinus polyphyllus, Solidago canadensis, S. gigantea. Among holoagriophytes, i.e. the taxa which received the highest naturalisation status, very expansive species, successful in land colonisation, like Acer negundo, Bidens frondosa, B. connata, Clematis vitalba, Elodea canadensis, Epilobium ciliatum, Heracleum sosnowskyi, Impatiens glandulifera, I. parviflora, Padus serotina, Quercus rubra and Robinia pseudoacacia, should be given particular attention. Among the invasive and potentially invasive species, most taxa penetrate plant communities of the Artemisietea and Molinio-Arrhenatheretea class, followed by Querco-Fagetea, Vaccinio-Piceetea, Stellarietea mediae, Salicetea purpurae and Koelerio-Corynophoretea. The number of invasive species is twice as high when compared to the situation of these species in Poland; on the contrary, the number of species inhabiting anthropogenic, semi-natural and natural habitats is two times lower, while that of holoagriophytes and hemiagriophytes is 56.3% and 43.7%, respectively. It seems that in the case of some invasive and potentially invasive species, a decrease in the number of their locations may be observed from the west to the east (e.g. for Acer negundo, Bromus carinatus, Clematis vitalba, Helianthus tuberosus, Lycium barbarum, Reynoutria japonica, Rosa rugosa, Vicia grandiflora). Distribution patterns for some species (e.g. for Parthenocytisus inserta or Xanthium albinum) are indicative of a likely major role of the Odra River valley in the spreading of invasive species. It should be kept in mind that the area of the North-West Poland is poorly examined in terms of its flora, so the results provided in this paper are tentative. Nevertheless, the maps illustrate colonisation trends and directions and, moreover, have been so far the only attempt to synthesise this problem in NW Poland.

Area of distribution and conditions of loess forming in the South Urals

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-30
Author(s):  
S. S. Popov ◽  
G. N. Shilova ◽  
A. O. Khotylev
Keyword(s):  
Middle Pleistocene ◽  
South Urals ◽  
Textural Features ◽  
Alluvial Fans ◽  
The South ◽  
Drainage Basins ◽  
Fluvial Terrace ◽  
Palynological Data ◽  
The Third ◽  
Lithological Composition

The report presents the results of comprehensive studies of loess-like formations that are common within drainage basins of Ay and Yuruzan rivers (South Urals). Loess complexes associated with the third fluvial terrace. The lithological composition, structural and textural features indicate that the loess were formed like the part of alluvial fans, planned under the third fluvial terrace. The obtained palynological data indicate the formation of deposits in the Middle Pleistocene during the Odintsovo interglacial and Moscow glaciation.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF GREEN AREA IN THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-44
Author(s):  
Mariya Martynova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
European Part ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The South ◽  
Forest Park ◽  
Steppe Region ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Green Zone ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic

The results of assessing allocation, territorial distribution of green zones of the Republic of Bashkortostan are given and the standard area of the green zone of the republic's settlements is calculated. In the forest fund of the republic on an area of 300.29 thousand hectares, green zones have been allocated on the territory of 27 out of 31 forestry districts. The largest areas of green zones (thousand hectares) are allocated in Ufa (55.569, including forest park zone 3.280), Dyurtyulinsky (25.904), Sterlitamak (26.875, including forest park zone 4.873) and Yanaulsky (19.724, including forest park zone 0.809) forestry. The lack of green zones in Burzyansky, Karaidelsky, Nurimanovsky and Khaibullinsky forestries is explained by the priority of other categories of protective forests - valuable forests, forests located in water protection zones and in protected areas. Forest park zone is allocated in 19% of forestries. The area of green zones according to the State Standard should be 317.8 thousand hectares, according to the method of V.P. Kovtunov - S.V. Belov - 592.1 thousand hectares, in fact, it is 231.8 hectares. It is required to include 86.0 thousand hectares of forests in the green zone according to the GOST standard. It was determined that in the South Ural forest-steppe region there are 7.1 hectares of forest fund per inhabitant, in the Forest-steppe region - 1.1 hectares / person, in the area of coniferous-deciduous forests - 1.5 hectares / person. The area of the green zone of the cities of the Forest-steppe region of the European part of the Russian Federation is closest to the optimal one; in the Region of coniferous-broad-leaved forests of the European part of the Russian Federation, green zones exceed the norms for the areas of green zones both according to GOST and according to V.P. Kovtunov - S.V. Belov. Insufficient forest area of green zones is seen in the South Ural forest-steppe region

scholarly journals The need for an integrated use of the tools of territorial marketing and branding at the regional and municipal levels of government (for example, the Republic of Bashkortostan)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilyur Akhmetov ◽  
Mazgar Isyanbaev ◽  
Nelya Sharipova
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
The South ◽  
Ethnic Business ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Territorial Marketing ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
Municipal Management ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Marketing Approach

In this article, on the example of the districts of the Republic of Bashkortostan, the need for a comprehensive use of marketing and branding tools at the municipal level is actualized. The marketing approach in municipal management is considered as one of the effective mechanisms in increasing the investment and tourist attractiveness of depressed territories. Designated foreign and domestic experience in the field of territorial marketing and branding. The problems and prospects of applying the tools of territorial marketing and branding in relation to the Uchalinsky municipal district – one of the south-eastern regions of the Republic of Bashkortostan – are analyzed in detail. The conclusion is made about the need to diversify the economy of the region and the feasibility of developing a comprehensive program – the “Marketing Concept of Uchaly District of the Republic of Bashkortostan”, aimed at increasing its investment attractiveness and competitiveness. A number of territorial brands for the Uchalinsky district of the Republic of Belarus are proposed – “Uchalinskaya Jasper”, “Uchalinsk Gold”, “Uchalinsky Silver”, “Uchalinsky Kumys” and others. The necessity of introducing in the Department of Economic Development, Investments and Entrepreneurship of the District Administration additional staff units of specialists in the field of territorial marketing and branding, which would supervise more clearly the issues of patenting, branding of local products, is substantiated. As a result of the study, the authors prove the necessity of organizing in the future in the Republic of Bashkortostan a tourism and recreation zone with a preferential taxation for subjects of ethnic business, including agricultural and ethnic tourism, primarily in the south-eastern regions. It was concluded that the integrated application of the marketing approach in the regional and municipal management will contribute to increasing the investment and tourist attractiveness of rural areas, more efficient development of the rural economy, growth of employment, incomes and quality of life of villagers.

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